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Knut Hamsun (1859-1952) is generally regarded as one of the first proponents of modern literature in Scandinavia. The present thesis discusses the author’s breakthrough phase which took place around the year 1890. This was an era when societal modernity became established in the Scandinavian countries, and new and revolutionary ideas and norms appeared concerning society, science, and art. Hamsun
Total levels of circulating prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) are strongly associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk and outcome but benign prostate disease is the most frequent cause of a moderately elevated PSA level. Free PSA (fPSA) forms are independently associated with PCa risk and contribute modest diagnostic enhancements above and beyond tPSA alone. We developed an immunoassay for fPSA sub
In this study, a signal analysis framework based on the Karhunen-Loève expansion and k-means clustering algorithm is proposed for the characterisation of arteriovenous (AV) fistula’s sound recordings. The Karhunen-Loève (KL) coefficients corresponding to the directions of maximum variance were used as classification features, which were clustered applying k-means algorithm. The results showed that
TLR agonists are attractive candidate adjuvants for therapeutic cancer vaccines as they can induce a balanced humoral and T cell-mediated immune response. With a dense network of dendritic cells (DCs) and draining lymphatics, the skin provides an ideal portal for vaccine delivery. Beside direct DC activation, TLR agonists may also induce DC activation through triggering the release of inflammatory
Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory nasal disorder in which a range of different cells participates. A variety of approaches has been used to monitor nasal inflammation objectively to investigate disease processes and to evaluate the effect of therapeutic intervention. These approaches include nasal lavage, nasal cytology, and nasal biopsy, together with the more recently established measurement
Syftet med Dublinförordningen är att se till att asylansökningar behandlas av endast en medlemsstat, för att undvika fenomenen “asylsum shopping” och “refugees in orbit”. Förordningen består av en hierarki av kriterier för att fastställa vilken stat som är ansvarig, men detta har också lett till principen om ömsesidigt förtroende mellan medlemsstaterna, där alla stater förutsätts ha samma nivå av The purpose of the Dublin Regulation is to ensure that applications for asylum will be considered by one Member State, avoiding the phenomena of “asylum shopping” and “refugees in orbit”. The Regulation consists of a hierarchy of criteria for determining the responsible state, however, this has also resulted in the principle of Mutual Trust between Member States, where all states are presumed to h
BACKGROUND: Lead is an established causal risk factor for coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis may be the key mediator for this association, but evidence from studies in humans is limited. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that environmental lead exposure is associated with coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from the SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage S
Studying how single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) crosstalk with non-autologous factors to cause complex autoimmune diseases is challenging. An amino acid replacement in the neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1-339/NCF1R90H) leading to lower reactive oxygen species induction has been reported as the major SNP for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we show that infection with the murine noro
This paper presents a participatory, qualitative focus group study with 13 young carers -- young people between 13 to 18 years old who take care of a parent due to either a chronic illness, mental health problem, or other condition connected with a need for care in Wales and England. We identify and assert young carers as an important, thus far unconsidered, user group in Human-Robot Interaction (
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the parent training The Incredible Years in clinical settings. The study included 33 families in clinical practice. There were two parts to the study; a main part with a before and after measurement, and a follow-up study on 12 children one year later. On baseline the children (3-9 years) as a group were on the borderline clinical range, (M =
The aim of this study is to analyze the construction of "Christian masculinity" during the modern era. This is made in opposition to earlier research that has claimed that masculinity could not be constructed religiously, that is, without at the same time being constructed as effeminate or anti-masculine. Using a wide variety of theoretical concepts - such as discourse analysis, class,
Popular Abstract in Swedish Många tolkningar och användningsområden har av olika forskare föreslagits för det gammaltestamentliga offret shelamin. Detta offer hade också en oklar plats i den israelitiska kulturen. Avsaknaden av konsensus och misslyckandet med att nå fram till en tillfredsställande lösning på gåtan gör shelamim till ett intressant offer att undersöka med hjälp av modern ritualforskFor the sacrifice shelamim in the Hebrew Bible, scholars have suggested a number of different interpretations and uses. This sacrifice also had an ambiguous role in Israelite culture. Lack of a general consensus and the failure to reach a satisfying solution makes the shelamim a puzzle and an interesting sacrifice to investigate with insights gained from modern ritual studies. In this study, it i
The expression of TLRs on epithelial cells provides a first line of defense against invading pathogens. We investigated the regulated expression and function of TLR5 and TLR9 on human keratinocytes, because we found by immunohistochemistry that these TLRs are expressed in distinct layers of the epidermis. We found that TGF-alpha, a growth and differentiation factor that is present during wound hea
The great decline in mortality has had a vital impact on our societies. Life expectancy has more than doubled in the past 200 years, but no acceptable explanation has yet been given for the earlier part of the decline in mortality, even though it has attracted a very broad interdisciplinary interest. When carefully examined, many of the stated explanations, such as better hygiene, more food, and i
Popular Abstract in Swedish Sophia Elisabeth Brenner (1659-1730) var Sveriges första stora kvinnliga poet. Hon var verksam som författare och lärd kvinna under femtio år, och var dessutom en flitig brevskrivare. Avhandlingen baseras på en inventering av bevarade brev till och från Sophia Brenner skrivna på latin, svenska, franska och italienska. Hennes nylatinska korrespondens med danske Otto SpeSophia Elisabeth Brenner (1659-1730) was Sweden's first great female poet, writing and publishing her poems over a period of fifty years. She was also, however, a prolific letter writer. The dissertation is based on an inventory of all the preserved letters to and from her written in Latin, Swedish, French and Italian. Her Neo-Latin correspondence with the Dane Otto Sperling the Younger is presen
Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent APC in the organism. Immature dendritic cells (iDC) reside in the tissue where they capture pathogens whereas mature dendritic cells (mDC) are able to activate T cells in the lymph node. This dramatic functional change is mediated by an important genetic reprogramming. Glycosylation is the most common form of posttranslational modification of proteins and h
Background To understand when results from observational studies and randomized trials are comparable, we performed an observational emulation of a target trial designed to ask similar questions as the VALIDATE (Bivalirudin Versus Heparin in ST-Segment and Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients on Modern Antiplatelet Therapy) randomized trial. The VALIDATE trial compared the ef
AIMS: There are few cohorts of type 1 diabetes that follow individuals over more than half a century in terms of health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine associations between type 1 diabetes, diagnosed before age 18, and long-term morbidity and mortality, and to investigate whether cognitive ability plays a role in long-term morbidity and mortality risk.METHODS: In a Swedish cohort, 1
