Filetype
The present paper reports different applications which have a common data source: Automatic Road Analyzer (ARAN) of the Transport Infrastructure Laboratory of the University of Catania. Data surveyed with ARAN were used to develop performance indicators of the road asset. A BIM model makes possible to improve the flexibility in information access and to merge data with the aim to allow a complete
Despite many reports of putative stem-cell-based treatments in genetic and degenerative disorders or severe injuries, the number of proven stem cell therapies has remained small. In this Review, we survey advances in stem cell research and describe the cell types that are currently being used in the clinic or are close to clinical trials. Finally, we analyse the scientific rationale, experimental
Background. Diabetes may be linked to incidence of different tumor diseases and prognosis through various mechanisms such as the disease itself, hyperglycemia, obesity and anti-diabetes therapy. Material and methods. The study includes all women with BC diagnosed in Sweden between 2000 through 2008 (n=54406). The women had no previous cancer diagnosis during the period of 1958-1999. Dates of birth
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through trans-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these, 147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associat
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors have been proposed to have chemopreventative effects on colorectal cancer (CRC), although data are needed from population-based studies. We performed a nationwide cohort study to investigate the association between use of PDE5 inhibitors and risk of CRC in men with benign colorectal neoplasms.METHODS: We identified men who received a dia
Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is a mediator complex-associated transcriptional regulator that acts depending on context and cell type. While primarily under investigation as potential cancer therapeutics, some inhibitors of CDK8—and its paralog CDK19—have been reported to affect the osteoblast lineage and bone formation. This study investigated the effects of two selective CDK8/19 inhibitors on
The classification and monitoring of individuals with early knee osteoarthritis (OA) are important considerations for the design and evaluation of therapeutic interventions and require the identification of appropriate outcome measures. Potential outcome domains to assess for early OA include patient-reported outcomes (such as pain, function and quality of life), features of clinical examination (
CONTEXT: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the backbone of treatment for advanced prostate cancer. However, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) nearly invariably develops through a range of different molecular mechanisms accompanied by progression to a more aggressive phenotype.OBJECTIVE: To understand the key molecular mechanisms leading to CRPC and the functional implications of this
Background: Careful assessment of the reasons for discontinuation of active surveillance (AS) is required for men with prostate cancer (PCa). Objective: Using Movember's Global Action Plan Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance initiative (GAP3) database, we report on reasons for AS discontinuation. Design, setting, and participants: We compared data from 10 296 men on AS from 21 centres across 12 co
The presence of amyloid fibrils of α-synuclein is closely associated with Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies. It is still very challenging, however, to systematically discover small molecules that prevent the formation of these aberrant aggregates. Here, we describe a structure-based approach to identify small molecules that specifically inhibit the surface-catalyzed secondary nucle
Low dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with self-tapped exciton (STE) emission have stimulated a surge of cutting-edge research in optoelectronics. Despite numerous efforts on developing versatile low-dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with efficient STE emissions, there is little emphasis on the intrinsic dynamics of STE-based broad emission in these materials. Here, we investigated
Aims/hypothesisPPARGC1A encodes peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α), a central regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. A common polymorphism in PPARGC1A (rs8192678, C/T, Gly482Ser) has been associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders, but no published functional studies have investigated direct allele-specific effects in adipocyte bi
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of osteoarthritis (OA) is critical for early diagnosis and effective treatment. OA is a leading cause of disability and poses an increasing burden on healthcare systems, particularly with an aging global population. Despite the potential of proteomics to elucidate the complex biology underlying OA, its application remains limited due to challenges including g
Sustainably produced renewable biomass has the potential to replace fossil-based feedstocks, for generation of biobased fuels and chemicals of industrial interest, in biorefineries. In this context, seaweeds contain a large fraction of carbohydrates that are a promising source for enzymatic and/or microbial biorefinery conversions. The thermoanaerobe Thermoanaerobacterium AK17 is a versatile ferme
The bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment (HME) plays a pivotal role in regulating normal and diseased hematopoiesis. However, the spatial organization of the human HME has not been thoroughly investigated yet. Therefore, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) immunofluorescence model to analyze changes in the cellular architecture in control and diseased bone marrows (BMs). BM biopsies from p
We theoretically investigate the extractable work in single molecule unfolding-folding experiments with applied feedback. Using a simple two-state model, we obtain a description of the full work distribution from discrete to continuous feedback. The effect of the feedback is captured by a detailed fluctuation theorem, accounting for the information aquired. We find analytical expressions for the a
A general discovery in protein science in the past few decades has been the finding that a number of unrelated proteins and peptides all have a marked propensity to form amyloid fibrils in vivo and in vitro. These structures have become known as the pathological hallmark of some of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases. More recently, the process of amyloid formation has been demystified t
