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Objectives:We aimed to investigate possible associations between birth weight and adult life carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and augmentation pressure index (AIx).Design and method:This study included 1598 participants, that is, 340 elderly individuals from the Malmö Birth Data Cohort (MBDC) and 1258 young-middle aged individuals from the Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) with full data on b
Objectives. To investigate metabolic features that may predispose to GCA in a nested case-control study. Methods. Individuals who developed GCA after inclusion in a population-based health survey (the Malmö Preventive Medicine Project; N ¼ 33 346) were identified and validated through a structured review of medical records. Four controls for every validated case were selected from the database. Re
Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is common and associated with increased risk of suicide. Aims To examine healthcare utilisation prior to suicide in persons with AUD in a large population-based cohort, which may reveal opportunities for prevention. Method A national cohort study was conducted of 6 947 191 adults in Sweden in 2002, including 256 647 (3.7%) with AUD, with follow-up for suicide
Parents of children with a congenital heart defect needing complex heart surgery are at high risk of developing health problems. One can assume that parents whose child undergoes heart surgery abroad will undoubtably face added and unique stressors and health vulnerabilities. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the transition experiences of parents of children who underwent a complex
The thermalization of nonequilibrium charge carriers is at the heart of thermoelectric energy conversion. In nanoscale systems, the equilibration length can be on the order of the system size, leading to a situation where thermoelectric effects need to be considered as spatially distributed, rather than localized at junctions. The energy exchange between charge carriers and phonons is of fundament
Although teachers’ well-being and vocal health are affected by noise, research on classroom sound environment from the teachers’ perspective is scarce. This study investigated the relationship between teachers’ well-being and classroom acoustics. The possible influence of teachers’ age, experience, teaching grade and class size on the relationship was also investigated. In this study, well-being r
The synthesis of two conformationally restricted Cr(III) salen complexes, 2 and 3, is described. Together, they constitute a supramolecular hydrogen-bonding catalytic system for the recently reported asymmetric ring-opening reactions of epoxides by a dynamic supramolecular catalyst. The synthesis involves state-of-the art transformations in frontline synthetic chemistry applied to heterocyclic che
Objective: Previous studies have shown a familial component in RA and in some other rheumatic autoimmune diseases (RAIDs), but because of the different study designs the risk estimates for familial risks differ extensively. The objective of this study is to identify familial components for RAIDs. Methods: We collected data on patients diagnosed in Swedish hospitals with RA, AS, PM/DM, SS, SLE and
DESIGN: Addison disease (AD) is a rare autoimmune disease (AID) of the adrenal cortex, presenting as an isolated AD or part of autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APSs) 1 and 2. Although AD patients present with a number of AID co-morbidities, population-based family studies are scarce. We aimed to carry out an unbiased study on AD and related AIDs.METHODS: We collected data on patients diagnosed
Introduction: Sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone formation, has emerged as a potential negative regulator of glucose homeostasis. We aimed to investigate if serum sclerostin associates with insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, prediabetes or metabolic syndrome in healthy men. Materials and methods: Serum sclerostin was measured in basal and insulin-stimulated samples from 526 men without diabete
Glyphosate (GLY), N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, is the most widely used herbicide in the world. It is a broad-spectrum herbicide, also used in crop desiccation. Agricultural workers may be occupationally exposed and general populations may be exposed to GLY mainly through diet. We studied the kinetics of GLY by measuring the parent compound and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in ur
Background: Wide implementation of mammography screening has resulted in increased numbers of women diagnosed with breast carcinoma in situ. We aimed to determine the risk of invasive breast cancer in relatives of patients with breast carcinoma in situ in comparison to the risk in relatives of patients with invasive breast cancer. Methods: We analyzed the occurrence of cancer in a nationwide cohor
Laterally grown InxGa1-xAs nanowires (NWs) are promising candidates for radio frequency and quantum computing applications, which, however, can require atomic scale surface and interface control. This is challenging to obtain, not least due to ambient air exposure between fabrication steps, which induces surface oxidation. The geometric and electronic surface structures of InxGa1-xAs NWs and conta
Nanowires are widely considered to be key elements in future disruptive electronics and photonics. This paper presents the first detailed study of transport mechanisms in single-crystalline InAs nanowires synthesized by a cheap solvothermal wet chemical method. From detailed analyses of temperature-dependent current-voltage characteristics, it was observed that contacted nanowires operate in a lin
Background: Sarcopenia, resulting from loss of muscle mass and function, is highly prevalent in the ageing societies and is associated with risk of falls, frailty, loss of independence, and mortality. It is important to identify environmental risk factors, so that evidence-based interventions to prevent sarcopenia can be implemented at the population level. This study aimed to examine the potentia
Rationale: Hypercapnia develops in one third of patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Multiple factors in COPD are thought to contribute to the development of hypercapnia including increased carbon dioxide (CO2) production, increased dead space ventilation, and the complex interactions of deranged respiratory s
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing among young adults below screening age, despite the effectiveness of screening in older populations. Individuals with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of early-onset CRC. We aimed to determine how many years earlier than the general population patients with diabetes with/without family history of CRC reach the threshold risk at whi
Indoor combustion processes associated with cooking, heating, and smoking are a major source of aerosols in Jordanian dwellings. To evaluate human exposure to combustion-generated aerosols in Jordanian indoor environments, regional inhaled deposited dose rates of indoor aerosols (10 nm to 25 µm) were determined for different scenarios for adult occupants. The inhaled deposited dose rate provides a
Background: Spousal violence is the most common domestic violence against women and a growing public health problem globally. As a behaviour, marital control is commonly accepted as a precursor to spousal violence. Objective: This study examines the prevalence of different types of spousal violence among women in Myanmar and their association with sociodemographic factors and husbands’ controlling
