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In this thesis we study several combinatorial problems in algorithmic graph theory and computational biology, and different algorithmical approaches for solving them. In particular, we focus on graph algorithms, seeking for the most part polynomial or sub-exponential exact solutions, but in some cases also approximate solutions. In the first part we study two problems on phylogenetic trees, the pr
We describe the application of a tunable differential interferometer to the characterization of pulsed gas valves, operating in the low-pressure regime (less than or similar to 100 Torr). The spatial profile of the pressure in the gas jet has been studied for piezoelectric and electromagnetic valves in various experimental conditions, for both Ne and Ar gases. Moreover the time response of the val
OBJECTIVES: People affected by leprosy and their families face social and economic problems. The focus of interventions is often on prevention of disabilities and socioeconomic rehabilitation. The objective of this study was to explore to what extent the potential of assistive devices to facilitate activities and participation of people affected by leprosy has been utilised. DESIGN: Published lite
Endovascular aortic repair of aortic pathologies has become widely spread among vascular surgeons. Much focus has been directed at perfecting and developing endovascular procedures to treat evermore-complex issues. Much less focus has been directed at the radiation hazards to patients as well as operators and staff when such procedures are performed. Radiation exposure must be used according to th
Building on recent advances of the embedded cluster approach combined with multiconfigurational theory, this work investigates the electronic states in thorium-doped CaF2 crystals. Th:CaF2 is established as a promising material for solid-state nuclear clocks, which utilize the laser-Accessible isomeric state in thorium-229. By comparing simulated absorption spectra of a library of defect configura
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a research facility under construction aiming to be the world’s most powerful pulsed neutron source. It is powered by a complex particle accelerator designed to provide a 2.86 ms long proton pulse at 2 GeV with a repetition rate of 14 Hz. Protons are accelerated via cavity fields through various accelerating structures that are powered by Radio-Frequency (RF
AC-DC converters are mostly used as power supplies for microelectronic systems, battery chargers, wind energy applications, electric appliances in household and dc motor drives. Switched-capacitor (SC) network based converters can be good solution to the challenges of 21st century having high voltage conversion ratio and low EMI emissions. The application of this type of converters is in microproc
Understanding reactive flows is crucial for advancing energy production, combustion efficiency, and plasma- assisted chemical processes. These systems often involve short-lived radicals and transient phenomena that require high-resolution, non-intrusive diagnostic techniques for accurate characterization. This thesis focuses on the development of advanced non-linear laser-based imaging methods to
Solid dispersions are promising drug delivery forms which offer the possibility to disperse a hydrophobic drug in a hydrophilic matrix and thereby improve the dissolution behavior and the bioavailability of the drug. One important aspect and a prerequisite in understanding the drug dissolution mechanism from solid dispersions is a better analytical monitoring of the solid dispersion surface proper
Utbildning för hållbar utveckling har kritiserats för att bli för instrumentell. Som alternativ har undervisning med utgångspunkt i begreppet antropocen prövats. Undervisningen vrids då mot frågor och upplevelser som har med ömsesidighet att göra. Flera studier visar på en möjlig nära relation mellan vetenskapliga perspektiv och didaktiskt nytänkande.
Skolans personal och elever förhandlar ständigt om de policyer som är tänkta att styra verksamheten. Två aktuella svenska studier undersöker sådana förhandlingar. I ena fallet handlar det om fritidshemmets skolifiering och i andra fallet om lärares arbete med anpassningar.
The increasing demand for energy-efficient and sustainable construction necessitates the need for building envelope designs that effectively balance moisture safety with sustainability. Improper moisture management in building envelopes can lead to severe consequences, including construction damage, decreased energy performance, and health risks associated with microbial growth. For instance, wate
This thesis investigates scalable control design for networked dynamical systems, which are of great importance due to their wide range of practical applications, including large-scale formation control. A central challenge in such systems is enabling agents to coordinate effectively based only on local and relative information, particularly as the system size increases. To address this, the thesi
Bayesian optimization is a widely used method for optimizing expensive black-box functions, with Expected Improvement being one of the most commonly used acquisition functions. In contrast, information-theoretic acquisition functions aim to reduce uncertainty about the function's optimum and are often considered fundamentally distinct from EI. In this work, we challenge this prevailing perspective
