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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic literature review that illuminates the current state of knowledge regarding the specific approaches by which multinational corporations (MNCs) implement corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the subsidiary level in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach: Even though substantial scholarly work has been made to outline MNCs'
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a highly fatal malignancy. The aim was to identify preoperative factors for early mortality in up-front resectable patients following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and develop an early mortality risk score. Methods: Patients registered in the Swedish National Registry for Pancreatic and Periampullary Cancer were included. Relevant preoperative factors (
BACKGROUND: Emergency department (ED) crowding causes increased patient morbidity and mortality. ED occupancy rate (OR; patients by treatment beds) is a common measure of crowding, but the comparability of ORs between EDs is unknown. The objective of this investigation was to investigate differences in ORs between EDs using staff-perceived workload as reference.METHODS: This was a national cross-s
Introduction: Research and healthcare services struggle to fulfil the desires and needs of nursing home residents, and there is a call for person-centredness in both research and healthcare practice. Involvement of people outside academia in research has been advocated in an effort to increase the relevance and impact of research findings for the public. However, little is known on how to involve
Dose-response association between level of impairment of semen quality and risk of morbidity or premature death has been reported. Therefore, it can be presumed that men utilizing donated spermatozoa, i.e. patients with non-obstructive azoospermia, are at highest risk for adverse health outcomes. To evaluate the risks of prescription of medications for common metabolic disturbances and testosteron
Introduction Using body mass index (BMI) as a proxy, previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies found total causal effects of general obesity on polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Hitherto, total and direct causal effects of general- and central obesity on PCOS have not been comprehensively analyzed. Objectives To investigate the causality of central- and general obesity on PCOS using surrogat
The volcanic island of Jan Mayen, located in the Norwegian – Greenland Sea, has very few lake basins out of which only one, Lake Nordlaguna, holds a permanent lake throughout the year. The island is volcanic and has been glaciated, but the lake basin is not genetically typical for volcanic crater lakes or other common types of volcanic lakes. Nor is it typical for ice-scoured glacial lakes. Instea
Background Low birth weight (LBW) is an important indicator of newborn survival. It is associated with higher risk of morbidity, mortality and long-term health consequences. Little has been done on incidence and recurrence risk of LBW in developing countries including Tanzania. This study aimed to determine the incidence and recurrence risk of LBW among women who delivered at Kilimanjaro Christian
Purpose: Although both relaxation and diffusion imaging are sensitive to tissue microstructure, studies have reported limited sensitivity and robustness of using relaxation or conventional diffusion alone to characterize tissue microstructure. Recently, it has been shown that tensor-valued diffusion encoding and joint relaxation-diffusion quantification enable more reliable quantification of compa
Dyspnea and chest pain are major and important causes of contact at the emergency department (ED). Dyspnea is associated with high morbidity and mortality, but data on characteristics and outcomes compared with chest pain in the ED are limited. This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with contact causes of dyspnea or chest pain at two Swedish EDs from 2010 to 2014. Hospital a
In the last decade a number of women-led mosques have emerged in Europe and North America. In The Making of a Mosque with Female Imams Jesper Petersen documents the serendipitous, yet predictable, emergence of the Mariam Mosque in Copenhagen. The study first demonstrates that individuals’ facing the unpredictable plays a decisive role in social processes. This leads to an investigation of how sere
Despite current therapies, there remains an unmet need for treatment for patients with hemophilia. The main parts of two phase 2 trials established clinical proof-of-concept for once-daily, subcutaneous concizumab prophylaxis in patients with hemophilia A/B with inhibitors (HAwI/HBwI; explorer4) and severe hemophilia A without inhibitors (HA; explorer5). Here, we present results from extension par
Background: As a widely distributed and aerial migratory bird, the Common Swift (Apus apus) flies over a wide geographic range in Eurasia and Africa during migration. Although some studies have revealed the migration routes and phenology of European populations, A. a. apus (from hereon the nominate apus), the route used by its East Asian counterpart A. a. pekinensis (from hereon pekinensis) remain
We have developed a method for simultaneous tomosynthesis and mechanical imaging, called DBTMI. Mechanical imaging measures the stress distribution over the compressed breast surface. Malignant tissue is usually stiffer than benign, which results in higher stress on the compressed breast and enables to distinguish malignant from benign findings. By combining tomosynthesis and mechanical imaging, w
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is foremost characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ)-extracellular plaques, tau-intraneuronal fibrillary tangles (NFT), and neuroinflammation, but over the last years it has become evident that peripheral inflammation might also contribute to the disease. AD patients often demonstrate increased levels of circulating proinflammatory mediators and altered antibody levels
Cosmogenic radionuclide records (e.g., 10Be and 14C) contain information on past geomagnetic dipole moment and solar activity changes. Disentangling these signals is challenging, but can be achieved by using independent reconstructions of the geomagnetic dipole moment. Consequently, solar activity reconstructions are directly influenced by the dipole moment uncertainties. Alternatively, the known
The purpose of this study is to investigate how a regional knowledge base of information and communication technologies (ICTs) influences the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in European regions. Relying on patent data and studying the knowledge production of AI technologies in 233 European regions in the period from 1994 to 2017, our study reveals three results. First, ICTs
