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The essay gives a brief account of Brecht’s years of exile in Denmark, Sweden and Finland. Central to this story were his close relations with a number of cultural figures in the Nordic countries. The essay also discusses the way Brecht’s writing was transformed during his Nordic exile. It focuses on the fact that he wrote some of his best-known plays and developed his famous theory of Verfremdung
We propose a representation of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall in terms of a probabilistic model based on a Markov random field consisting of discrete state variables representing low and high rainfall at grid-scale and daily rainfall patterns across space and in time. These discrete states are conditioned on observed daily gridded rainfall data from the period 2000 to 2007. The model gives us
Quantitative evaluations are valuable in the strive for improvements and asserting quality. However, the field of Command & Control (C2) evaluations are hard to navigate, and it is difficult to find the correct measurement for a specific situation. A comprehensive Scoping Study was made concerning measurements of C2 performance and effectiveness. A lack of an existing appropriate framework for
Objective: To objectively assess anorectal dysfunction following nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy in stage I-II cervical carcinoma patients. Material and Methods: Between 2008 and 2012, 21 patients with primary cervical cancer stage FIGO I-II were enrolled in this prospective study. All women underwent nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy. Anorectal manometry was performed preoperatively and 6 mon
Climate change increases the risks of heat stress, especially in urban areas where urban heat islands can develop. This literature review aims to describe how severe heat can occur and be identified in urban indoor environments, and what actions can be taken on the local scale. There is a connection between the outdoor and the indoor climate in buildings without air conditioning, but the pathways
We attempt to integrate the literatures on authoritarian regime types and democratic forms of government. We propose a theoretical framework of five dimensions of executive appointment and dismissal that can be applied in both more democratic and more authoritarian regimes: the hereditary, military, ruling party, direct election, and confidence dimensions, respectively. Relying on the Varieties of
Background: Our aim was to study the association between the country of birth and incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in several immigrant groups in Sweden, using individuals born in Sweden or with Swedish-born parents as referents. Methods: A cohort study of first- and second-generation immigrants residing in Sweden between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2012 was performed. Outcomes were d
We report on X-ray scattering measurements of helical poly[9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-fluorene-2,7-diyl] by mapping the sample with 10 μm spatial resolution from 0.3 GPa to 36 GPa. We follow the strongest 00l reflection, which moves toward higher scattering angles with pressure indicating planarization of helical polyfluorene. Lateral inhomogeneity is increased for >10 GPa concomitant with the solidifi
Objectives: C1q is a valuable biomarker of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The "gold standard" assay, rocket immunoelectrophoresis (RIE), is time-consuming, and thus a shift to soluble immune precipitation techniques such as nephelometry has occurred. However, quantification of C1q with these techniques has been questioned as a result of the antibody binding properties of C
IARM Keynote Lecture, Day 1, 14pm.
We introduce a Multilevel Monte Carlo method for approximating the transitiondensity for discretely observed multivariate diffusion processes. These areused within a Pseudo-marginal Metropolis-Hastings (PMMH) algorithm to do Bayesianinference on the parameters.The Pedersen representation shows how the transition density can be representedas a conditional expectation, but the corresponding Monte Ca
Quantitative measurements of CH4 mole fractions at different HAB in the flame were realized by a calibration measurement in a low pressure gas flow of N2 with a small admixture of known amount of CH4. A comprehensive study of the collision effects on the IRPS signal was performed in order to quantify the flame measurement. The concentration and temperature measurements were found to agree reasonab
Critical infrastructures today are highly interdependent and increasingly important in providing services to the rest of the society. At the same time, each type of infrastructure requires specialised knowledge to design and manage. Therefore, to get a better understanding of how the infrastructures and the effect of interdependencies work as a whole, it is necessary to have an interdisciplinary a
Electric road systems (ERS) are technologies that allow to charge electric vehicles (EVs) while they are driving. This makes it possible to reduce the installed battery capacity and therefore the weight and cost of the vehicle. However, while the vehicle is charging from the ERS a protective earth connection cannot be ensured, which introduces new isolation challenges in the design of the electric
This European Randomized study of Screening for Prostate Cancer trial follow-up reports that repeated screening reduces the risk of dying from prostate cancer for up to 16 yr.
Examining renovation processes having reduced energy consumption as an explicit goal, this article considers how energy efficiency is made part of renovation processes, focusing on the planning and design phase. Interviews and participant observations of meetings have been conducted. Applying a framework developed in practice theory, we demonstrate the importance of understanding routines, technol
The need to analyze and understand energy consumption in relation to households' activity patterns is vital for developing policy means that contribute to an energy efficient life and what people would deem as a "good" everyday life. To do this we need to learn more about how energy use is a part of everyday life; this article contributes to that objective. We use the time-geographic diary approac
Animals are thought to use achromatic signals to detect small (or distant) objects and chromatic signals for large (or nearby) objects. While the spatial resolution of the achromatic channel has been widely studied, the spatial resolution of the chromatic channel has rarely been estimated. Using an operant conditioning method, we determined (i) the achromatic contrast sensitivity function and (ii)
