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Populations that undergo a process of rapid evolution present excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving or restraining adaptive divergence. The genetic variance-covariance matrix (G) is often considered to constrain adaptation but little is known about its potential to evolve during phenotypic divergence. We compared the G-matrices of ancestral and recently established ecotype

The large quantity of material of Hieracium sectt. Hieracium, Vulgata, Bifida and Oreadea collected during the recently completed floristic inventory of the northeastern most Swedish province of Norrbotten has been revised. The number of species known from this previously badly under-collected province hereby increased from 27 to 64, and seven species new to science were revealed. A diagnostic key

Substrate and product inhibition of hydrogen production during sucrose fermentation by the extremely thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus was studied. The inhibition kinetics were analyzed with a noncompetitive, nonlinear inhibition model. Hydrogen was the most severe inhibitor when allowed to accumulate in the culture. Concentrations of 5-10 mM H2 in the gas phase ( partial

Mediatorless (direct) electron transfer between Myrothecium verrucaria bilirubin oxidase and spectroscopic graphite electrode has been demonstrated. The electrochemical activity of the enzyme under aerobic and anaerobic conditions is clearly shown using cyclic voltammetry. It is concluded that the T1 site of the enzyme is the first electron acceptor, both in solution (homogenous case) and when the

The effects of the finite size of a liquid drop undergoing a phase transition are described in terms of the complement, the largest (but mesoscopic) drop representing the liquid in equilibrium with the vapor. Vapor cluster concentrations, pressure, and density from fixed mean density lattice gas (Ising) calculations are explained in terms of the complement generalization of Fisher's model. Account

Movement data on articulator gestures in West Greenlandic are presented in order to elucidate principles of articulator coordination, especially the domain of coarticulation (as distinct from the domain of assimilation), the handling of conflicting demands on articulators, and the relation of vowels to consonants. The present data are consistent with results previously obtained from Swedish and Bu

To estimate the relationship between air pollution and lung cancer, a nested case-control study was set up within EPIC (European Prospective Investigation on Cancer and Nutrition). Cases had newly diagnosed lung cancer, accrued after a median follow-up of 7 years among the EPIC exsmokers (since at least 10 years) and never smokers. Three controls per case were matched. Matching criteria were gende

The aim of this study was to explore the variation and regulation of bacterial carbon processing at a coastal oligotrophic site of the Island of Majorca in the Mediterranean Sea. In situ bacterial production (BP), respiration (BR), growth efficiency, and carbon demand in relation to environmental parameters were studied over an annual cycle. In addition, the response of bacterial carbon processing

Heme A is a prosthetic group unique for cytochrome a-type respiratory oxidases in mammals, plants and many microorganisms. The poorly understood integral membrane protein heme A synthase catalyzes the synthesis of heme A from heme O. In bacteria, but not in mitochondria, this enzyme contains one or two pairs of cysteine residues that are present in predicted hydrophilic polypeptide loops on the ex

PCB concentration in river water at the outlet of a lake was monitored far two years following the completed remediation of the PCB contaminated sediment of the lake. The remediation resulted in lowered PCB concentration in the sediment, from 5 mu g g(-1) (d.w.) to 0.060 mu g g(-1) (d.w.). PCB concentration in the water decreased over the two years, but varied seasonally. Highest PCB concentration

We have identified and characterised a cluster of six TRIM-B30.2 genes flanking the chicken BF/ BL region of the B complex. The TRIM-B30.2 proteins are a subgroup of the TRIM protein family containing the tripartite motif ( TRIM), consisting of a RING domain, a B-box and a coiled coil region, and a B30.2-like domain. In humans, a cluster of seven TRIM- B30.2 genes has been characterised within the

Objectives: The antiinflammatory effect of macrolide antibiotics has been well-established, as has their role in the treatment of certain disorders of chronic airway inflammation. Several studies have suggested that long-term, low-dose macrolides may be efficacious in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis; however, these studies have lacked a control group. To date, this effect has not been test

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of perioperatively systemically administered betamethasone on nerve recovery (within or outside a confined space) after induced nerve crush injury. Materials and Methods: The sciatic nerve of 40 adult Wistar rats was crushed. In half of the animals, the injured nerve was entrapped in a silicone tube to simulate the environment of a closed sp

A fundamental assumption of theories of decision-making is that we detect mismatches between intention and outcome, adjust our behavior in the face of error, and adapt to changing circumstances. Is this always the case? We investigated the relation between intention, choice, and introspection. Participants made choices between presented face pairs on the basis of attractiveness, while we covertly

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors that have been suggested to be associated with the development of SLE. METHODS: A case-control study was performed and a questionnaire was developed to obtain the data. Consecutive female incident cases diagnosed between 1981 and 1999 in a defined geographical area in southern Sweden were included. Controls, matched for calendar year of birth, were selected r