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IntroductionNine in ten of the world’s 1.74 million adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (ALHIV) live in Sub-Saharan Africa. Suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and poor viral suppression are important problems among adolescents. To guide intervention efforts in this regard, this review presented pooled estimates on the prevalence of adherence and how it is affecte
Water damage in the indoor environment is a rising issue within Nordic countries with about 90 000 cases in appx. 6.5 millioninsurance is reported annually in Sweden, and corresponding numbers are in Denmark and Norway. The question thenbecomes what type of measures residents, building managers, and insurance companies can take in the maintenance andoperation phase to decrease the impact of the wa
Several yeast species, usually engineered by humans in order to produce compounds of biotechnological interests, are currently used as cellular factories. This thesis presents two main themes. In the first, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for bio-ethanol production from lignocellulose hydrolysates and in the second Pichia pastoris is used for the heterologous expression of human ameloblastin. Th
Barriers to healthcare for men who have sex with men (MSM) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are rooted in stigma and discrimination against MSM fuelled by the criminalization of homosexuality. These barriers are influenced by factors involving MSM and the healthcare workers (HCWs). MSM are uncomfortable disclosing their identities and conceal symptoms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especial
The COVID-19 pandemic placed health sectors across the world under great pressure in terms of acute care and infection control. Policies responding to the latter led to a change in working practices among health practitioners, including nurses. The changes included establishing new patterns and protocols of risk work to mitigate infection risk in hospitals, but these new ways of working were somew
Introduction: The I-MOVE-COVID-19 and VEBIS hospital networks have been measuring COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in participating European countries since early 2021. Aim: We aimed to measure VE against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 in patients ≥20 years hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) from December 2021 to July 2022 (Omicron-dominant period). Methods: In both networks,
Objective: Accurate imaging biomarkers that indicate disease progression at an early stage are highly important to enable timely mitigation of symptoms in progressive lung disease. In this context, reproducible experimental models and readouts are key. Here, we aim to show reproducibility of a lung injury rat model, by inducing disease and assessing disease progression by multi-modal non-invasive
Background. We evaluated the effects of 12 months of exercise training on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5 not on kidney replacement therapy (KRT). Methods. A total of 151 patients were randomized to 12 months of either balance or strength training, both together with endurance training. Some 112 patients completed and 107 (69 men, 38 women) were
BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior and substance use disorders (SUDs) are important public health concerns. Prior suicide attempts and SUDs are two of the most consistent predictors of suicide death, and clarifying the role of SUDs in the transition from suicide attempt to suicide death could inform prevention efforts. METHODS: We used national Swedish registry data to identify individuals born 1960-19
This qualitative case study explores through semi-structured Interviews the social and cultural impacts of the Makhoul Dam, planned as part of Iraq’s climate change mitigation work. It was based on the research question: How do local individuals experience the Makhoul Dam’s impact on their home environments including the surrounding archaeological sites? And supported by the two operational questi
ISIS committed mass atrocities against the Yazidis (Kurdish: Êzîdîs) in Sinjar (Kurdish: Şingal), Iraq, in 2014-2017. Several international and regional observers have qualified the acts as genocide under international law. Yet the numerous social, cultural, and political preconditions of the genocide are not recognized in the 1948 Genocide Convention. To answer the line of question, Susan Opotow’
Thirty years after the fall of communism and fifteen years after Poland joined the European Union, there have been more steps backwards than forwards in regards to gender and sexual equality. From the very beginning, this has been a cause of tension between Poland and the EU. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how the conflicting constructs of sexual citizenship in Poland and Europe affect t
Anne Shirley, the girl and young woman made famous around the world by L. M. Montgomery in the early twentieth century, has been a companion and role model for countless young women. In this essay, my aim is to analyze the first three books about Anne, Anne of Green Gables (1908), Anne of Avonlea (1909) and Anne of the Island (1915), to see in what way it can be said that Montgomery wrote these no
Veterinary pharmaceuticals used in areas with intense agriculture and livestock/horse yard facilities may leach into the soil and be further transported as runoff into surface waters used as drinking water supplies. The focus of this thesis is to clarify how the existing legal framework on monitoring and regulating these residues, help Sweden to comply with two of the national environmental qualit
The main idea with this thesis is to discuss the situation of the parent and the teacher of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous research on the parents’ and the teachers’ per-spective of the children has helped me to understand the complexity of the disorder. I have analyzed a single case of a child from Poland who came with his parents to Sweden and started educ
