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“The buck stops here”. Så stod det skrivet på det lilla plakatet på president Trumans skrivbord. Detta budskap, lika allmängiltigt idag som 1953, borde verka som en påminnelse om värdet av ansvar och möjligheten till utkrävande av detsamma från alla instutioner och personer med inflytande över människors liv och välmående. Privata militära aktörer är idag aktiva över hela världen och är involverad“The buck stops here”, as was the wording on the famous sign on President Truman’s desk, should remind us today - as it reminded all Americans of the virtues of accountability and responsibility in 1953 - that any office or person that holds influence over the lives of others needs to be able to be held accountable for their actions. Today, Private Military Companies - or PMCs for short - are depl

The round goby, Neogobius melanostomus, is a recent intruder of the Baltic Sea, which presumably arrived via the ballast water of travelling ships. The establishment of self-sustaining populations in this ecosystem has had both negative and positive effects on the native species composition within the area. Competition over resources and shelter, spawning interference, and the predation on native

The impacts of harbour porpoises by human-made, so called anthropogenic, underwater noise disturbance have been investigated in the past decades. As harbour porpoises are protected under the EU habitat directive, underwater noise management has been proposed as part of conservation efforts. Disturbance of harbour porpoises by ship noise and boat activity has previously been reported to have negati

This thesis analyzes how digitalization in elderly care affects cost-efficiency and quality of care. More specifically, digitalization in elderly care is divided into welfare technologies and E-services. The study goes into how well digitalization meets its promises of solving many of our society's future problems regarding elderly care, such as an aging population. In order to analyze this, I

In this study I examine current sexual music, made by women. I focus on songs made and/ or performed by contemporary female artists working in genres - such as hip-hop, pop and R&B - that fall under the umbrella term popular music. What kind of methods do these artists use to make a song feel or come across as sexual? Is it the lyrics? The sound? Could these songs come across as more or less s

Den här kandidatplatsen syftar till att kartlägga de tre egenskaperna definition, erkännande och självständighet, vilka är gemensamma för juridiska folkrättssubjekt. Egenskaperna utgör en del av de underliggande uppfattningarna om vem eller vilka vi accepterar utgöra juridiskt folkrättssubjekt. De underliggande uppfattningarna utvecklas genom händelser, erfarenheter, behov etcetera inom det internThis thesis aims to uncover the three properties of definition, recognition and independence shared by international legal subjects. These properties are included in the underlying conceptual scheme of who or what we accept as an international legal subject. The conceptual scheme is developed through the events, experiences, needs etc. within the international community. By uncovering the properti

Direct or indirect exchange of commercially sensitive information between competitors is prohibited by Article 101(1) TFEU. Such disclosures enable undertakings to collude, that is, to trade practical cooperation for the risks of competition. Collusion is detrimental for consumer welfare as it allows the colluding parties to raise prices, reduce output and to share markets and customers. Due to th

This essay examines the personifications of Death in Markus Zusak’s The Book Thief (2005), Christopher Moore’s A Dirty Job (2006) and George Pendle’s Death: A Life (2008). The personifications are analysed in terms of gender, anthropomorphism, (im)mortality, agency in conceptual death and attitude towards their occupation as Death. The personifications are also compared to previous portrayals in r

The oxo-sulfido functional group cis-MoVIOS is essential to the activity of the xanthine oxidase family of enzymes but has proven elusive to synthesis in molecules containing no other four-electron ligands. A direct route to molecules containing this group has been achieved. The reaction system [MoO2(OSiPh3)2]/L in dichloromethane yields the complexes [MoVIO2(OSiPh3)2L] (L = phen (1), Me4phen (2),

In this study, the orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) method was used to assess the in situ chemical composition of two different cell types in mouse liver samples, hepatocytes and erythrocytes. High spatial resolution FT-IR microspectroscopy equipped with a focal plan array (FPA) detector is capable of simultaneously recording over 4000 spectra from 64 x 6

We developed a clinical score to monitor tuberculosis patients in treatment and to assess clinical outcome. We used the WHO clinical manual to choose signs and symptoms, including cough, haemoptysis, dyspnoea, chest pain, night sweating, anaemia, tachycardia, lung-auscultation finding, fever, low body-mass index, low mid-upper arm circumference giving patients a TBscore from 0 to 13. We validated

Extensive measurements of soil surface (including vegetation cover) CO2 efflux were carried out on 80 positions at four different forest sites (Sweden, Germany, Czech Republic and Italy) using a closed dynamic chamber technique. The period of measurement was 4-5 consecutive days per site. Two approaches were used to analyze the measured data, the Q(10) parameter and the Arrhenius relationship. Bas

The complex network of neuronal cells in the retina makes it a potential target of neuronal toxicity - a risk factor for visual loss. With growing use of nanoparticles (NPs) in commercial and medical applications, including ophthalmology, there is a need for reliable models for early prediction of NP toxicity in the eye and retina. Metal NPs, such as gold and silver, gain much of attention in the

The hemodynamic definitions of pulmonary hypertension consider resistive loading (pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR]), but there are increasing evidence that pulsatile loading (pulmonary artery compliance [PAC]) has functional and prognostic importance. The aims of the present study on patients with left heart disease, were to evaluate a novel echocardiographic right ventricular (RV) afterload sc

The aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of porcine pancreatic enzymes (Creon® pancrelipase) in comparison to microbial-derived alpha amylase (MD amylase) on the small intestine wall structure, mucosal glycogen accumulation, and enterocyte turnover. The impact of enzyme supplementation on the small intestine was explored in 18 pigs with surgically induced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

Objective: Following the favorable outcomes demonstrated by the Early MiNimally-invasive Removal of IntraCerebral Hemorrhage (ENRICH) trial in supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients treated with minimally invasive surgery (MIS), and considering the increasing interest in MIS, we aimed to assess the potential eligibility rate for ICH patients in Sweden. Methods: All patients with sp

To study whether antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADab) are associated with subclinical beta-cell damage and impaired insulin secretion, we screened 441 nondiabetic patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) for GADab, and 15 (3.4%) were found positive. Antibodies to IA-2 were found in two GADab+ and one GADab- patients. We matched 11 GADab+ and 13 GADab- AT patients who were euthyroid o