Filetype
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the performance-based visual ability among independently living elderly subjects and to investigate whether there was any association between visual ability and falls. Subjects and methods: A total of 298 randomly selected subjects aged 70-85 years were invited for an examination including monocular and binocular visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity
Background: TCF7L2 is a central transcription factor in the canonical wingless-type MMTV integration site (WNT) signaling pathway, and genetic variants in TCF7L2 have been found to interact with dietary fiber intake on type 2 diabetes risk. Here, we investigate whether other type 2 diabetes genes could be involved in the WNT signaling pathway and whether variants in such genes might interact with
OBJECTIVES: Genomewide association studies (GWAS) have identified consistent associations with obesity, with a number of studies implicating eating behavior as a primary mechanism. Few studies have replicated genetic associations with dietary intake. This study evaluates the association between obesity susceptibility loci and dietary intake. METHODS: Data were obtained as part of the Diabetes Prev
Elevated manganese (Mn) in drinking water has been reported worldwide. While, naturally occurring Mn in groundwater is generally the major source, anthropogenic contamination by Mn-containing fungicides such as mancozeb may also occur. The main objective of this study was to examine factors associated with Mn and ethylenethiourea (ETU), a degradation product of mancozeb, in drinking water samples
Huntington's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by an abnormal CAG repeat expansion within exon 1 of the huntingtin gene HTT. While several genetic modifiers, distinct from the Huntington's disease locus itself, have been identified as being linked to the clinical expression and progression of Huntington's disease, the exact molecular mechanisms driving its pathogenic cascade and clini
Axonal injury is a hallmark of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is associated with a poor clinical outcome. Following central nervous system injury, axons regenerate poorly, in part due to the presence of molecules associated with myelin that inhibit axonal outgrowth, including myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG). The involvement of MAG in neurobehavioral deficits and tissue loss following experi
Solving the mystery of the origin of chondrules is one of the most elusive goals in the field of meteoritics. Recently, the idea of planet(esimal) collisions releasing splashes of lava droplets, long considered out of favor, has been reconsidered as a possible origin of chondrules by several papers. One of the main problems with this idea is the lack of quantitative and simple models that can be u
Purpose: Various food patterns have been associated with weight change in adults, but it is unknown which combinations of nutrients may account for such observations. We investigated associations between main nutrient patterns and prospective weight change in adults. Methods: This study includes 235,880 participants, 25–70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 in 10 European countries. Intake
Introduction: Low aerobic fitness, low muscular strength, and obesity have been associated with premature mortality, but their interactive effects are unknown. This study examined interactions among these common, modifiable factors, to help inform more-effective preventive interventions. Methods: This national cohort study included all 1,547,478 military conscripts in Sweden during 1969-1997 (97%-
Introduction: ECG-derived vectorcardiography (VCG) has diagnostic and prognostic value in various diseases. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a genetic disease with unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy, is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young persons. Genotype positive status is associated with increased risk of systolic dysfunction, heart failure, and (SCD). H
Foot problems complicating diabetes are a source of major patient suffering and societal costs. To prevent, or at least reduce, the adverse effects of foot problems in diabetes, the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF; www.iwgdf.org) was founded in 1996, consisting of experts from almost all the disciplines involved in the care of patients with diabetes and foot problems. An im
Objectives: Increasing incidences of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) with β-lactam resistance mediated through mutations in penicillin-binding protein 3 (BLNAR or rPBP3) have been observed in the past decades. Recently, an rPBP3 NTHi sequence type (ST) 14 with PBP3 type IIb/A caused a disease outbreak in a nursing home in Sweden with severe outcomes, indicating increased bacterial virul
This study presents a 2-yr follow-up of 281 patients, aged 15-34 yr, diagnosed with diabetes between 1992 and 1993. At diagnosis, 224 (80%) patients were positive for at least one of the following autoantibodies: islet cell antibodies (ICAs), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAs), or tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2As); the remaining 57 (20%) patients were negative for all three auto
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, and systemic disease of unknown aetiology that affects0.5‒1.0% of the population in Europe, more women than men. Pain, physical disability, fatigue, and sleepdisturbances are some of the most pronounced symptoms in patients with a more severe disease or with a longerdisease duration, resulting in activity limitations that affect quality of lifeRheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, and systemic disease of unknown aetiology that affects 0.5‒1.0% of the population in Europe, more women than men. Pain, physical disability, fatigue, and sleep disturbances are some of the most pronounced symptoms in patients with a more severe disease or with a longer disease duration, resulting in activity limitations that affect quality of l
Background & Aims Obesity, commonly assessed based on body mass index (BMI), is associated with an increased risk for severe liver disease. It is not known if other measures of body composition are better determinants of risk for severe liver disease, and/or if these differ between women and men. We investigated the body composition measures that best predict the development of severe liver di
Among hereditary colorectal cancer predisposing syndromes, Lynch syndrome (LS) caused by mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 or PMS2 is the most common. Patients with LS have an increased risk of early onset colon and endometrial cancer, but also other tumors that generally have an earlier onset compared to the general population. However, age at first primary cancer varies wit
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which is the most common cause of death in the world. People with intellectual disability (ID) have been reported to have high rates of both these disorders. The aim of this study was to describe and compare prevalence ratios of diabetes mellitus and hypertension between older adults with ID and their age p
Soot particle (black carbon) morphology is of dual interest, both from a health perspective and due to the influence of soot on the global climate. In this study, the mass-mobility relationships, and thus effective densities, of soot agglomerates from three types of soot emitting sources were determined in situ by combining a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and an aerosol particle mass analyz
