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Background: Podocalyxin-like 1 (PODXL) is a cell-adhesion glycoprotein and stem cell marker that has been associated with an aggressive tumour phenotype and adverse outcome in several cancer types. We recently demonstrated that overexpression of PODXL is an independent factor of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to validate these results in two additional indepen
BACKGROUND: The effect of acupuncture on nociceptive pain is well documented, but effects on nociceptive itch have been contradictory. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate possible effects of acupuncture on the occurrence, distribution and function of sensory nerve fibres in human skin. METHODS: Ten subjects were treated by inserting 10 acupuncture needles subcutaneously at the upper lateral aspect of one butt
The computation power we expect from the various smart devices we use keeps increasing. Not only do we want faster devices but also less power hungry and energy efficient devices, both for the environment and our personal convenience (remember that "mobile phone" attached to a power plug at all times?).One way of addressing this demand is to build custom processor architectures that focus on a spe
This thesis examines the strategies developed by José Martí for a prosperous Spanish American future in the end of the 19th century. In 1875, which is the starting point of the thesis, most nations in Spanish America had freed themselves from colonial rule and now stood before the challenge of finding a beneficial place within the international division of labour. Martí observed that centuries o
Popular Abstract in Swedish När främmande fettlösliga ämnen som miljögifter (ex. PCB och dioxin) hamnar inuti kroppen bearbetas de ofta av det så kallade biotransformations-systemet. När inte levern och njurarna direkt kan utsöndra de främmande molekylerna får enzymer ändra de oönskade ämnenas kemiska sammansättning. Detta görs genom att ändra molekylernas kemiska egenskaper så att de blir vattenlIn vertebrates, studies of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) have been of particular interest due to its direct involvement in the toxic effects exerted by several environmental pollutants, such as PCB and dioxin. After binding to the toxic molecule, this receptor initiates transcription of several genes that are part of the biotransformation battery but most notably the cytochrome P450 (CYP) ge
We have evaluated capacitive and thermal transducers for recognition of bio- molecular interactions with different analytes. These assays were made in flow analysis systems because of the simplicity such methods provide. A capacitive transducer, based on a surface modified gold electrode, has the ability to monitor affinity based interactions directly, provided that the interactions introduce mea
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under 1100-talet utvecklades inom kanonisk rätt principen att makarnas samtycke är tillräckligt för att skapa ett giltigt äktenskap. Varken familj eller andra auktoriteter, inte ens kyrkliga, hade laglig bestämmanderätt över två personers giftermål. Denna lagstiftning stod i konflikt med det sekulära samhällets uppfattning av äktenskapet och även i vissa fall med kyrkanOne of the most important aspects of the marriage legislation in medieval canon law is the doctrine of free choice. According to this doctrine, established by pope Alexander III in the second half of the twelfth century, the validity of a marriage depended solely on the freely given consent of the parties. Neither family nor witnesses, not even the presence of a priest were necessary to form a val
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling handlar om antikroppar. Antikroppar är proteiner som bildas av vårt immunförsvar för att skydda oss mot farliga ämnen i vår omgivning, som tex bakterier. På grund av antikroppars unika uppbyggnad och funktion utnyttjas ofta dessa på konstgjord väg. De kan injiceras i kroppen för att bota någon sjukdom eller användas på laboratoriet i olika analyser. InnIn vitro generation of antibody fragments of desired specificity and affinity plays an important role since it permits the generation of reagents which may be valuable for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Furthermore, the kinetic parameters for an antibody-antigen interaction, rather than the affinity, has shown to correlate with biological functions like virus neutralization. This points
Popular Abstract in Swedish Prostatacancer är den vanligaste formen av cancer hos män i Sverige och ungefär 10 000 män diagnosticeras årligen. Prostatacancer tros orsakas av en kombination av ärftliga faktorer och miljö-/livsstilsfaktorer. De enda väletablerade riskfaktorerna för prostatacancer är ålder, etnicitet och ärftlighet inom familjer. För att kunna arbeta med förebyggande av denna sjukdomProstate cancer (PCa) is a heterogenous disease including very aggressive lethal tumors to incidentally discovered clinically insignificant tumors. Age, ethnicity, and family history are the only established risk factors. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has been found to associate with increased overall cancer risk but with lower risk of specifically PCa. T2D is initially associated with increased
Radon (222Rn) är en naturligt förekommande radioaktiv gas som i höga doser visat sig vara dödlig. Det handlar främst om de solida radondöttrarna som fäster på aerosolpartiklar vilka vi andas in och kan på så vis deponeras i näsa eller svalg, medan fria joner lägger sig på lungornas bronker och avger joniserande strålning. Epidemiologiska studier har visat att rökare löper högre risk än icke rökareRadon (222Rn) is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can be fatal in high doses. It is primarily the solid radon daughters that attach to aerosol particles, which we inhale and can thus be deposited in our nose or throat, while free ions settles on pulmonary bronchi and emits ionizing radiation. Epidemiological studies have shown that smokers are at higher risk than non-smokers to contract
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kalcium är inblandat i många viktiga processer i kroppen. Kalciumbindande proteiner är viktiga i detta sammanhang. Det finns ofta en vattenmolekyl med på bindningsstället i proteinet och vi har studerat hur den påverkar bindningsegenskaperna. Kalcium är inblandat i många viktiga processer i kroppen. Kalciumbindande proteiner är viktiga i detta sammanhang. Jag har studeUsing optical spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and differential scanning Calorimetry (DSC), I have studied two different calcium binding proteins that can form kinetically trapped altered states. Calcium is very important in numerous biological processes such as blood coagulation, signal transduction, muscle contraction and bone formation. Calcium binding to proteins regulates these
Achilles tendon rupture is becoming more prevalent with an increasing population of middle aged people participating in recreational sports. A torn Achilles tendon will likely not regain its original function, and it is unknown what treatment options are optimal. The Achilles tendon structure and how the tendon heals after a rupture varies between humans. A potentially useful tool in understanding
It has been demonstrated that prostate-specific antigen (PSA), in spite of its name, can be detected in body fluids and tumors from a variety of organs. Investigations have shown that human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2), a related prostate-secreted protease, can activate the zymogen form of PSA, suggesting that the two enzymes might work as a functional unit, with hK2 as the activator molecule and
The global aviation industry is experiencing growing pressure to decarbonize, driving significant demand for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). Second-generation feedstocks that do not directly compete with food crops, such as lipid oils from insects and lignin-derived oils, are promising sources, but their high concentrations of inorganic contaminants and oxygen make them incompatible with existing
The winter of 2020 was dominated by Canadian and international news coverage about a group of indigenous land defenders in Northern British Columbia, Canada. At the centre of the media frenzy was a pipeline conflict involving an indigenous community, namely, the Wet’suwet’en Nation, and Canada’s largest private sector investment ever which is set to cross directly through Wet’suwet’en territory. T
Konsignation är ett handelsupplägg som i näringslivet främst används i avtalsrelationen mellan leverantörer och återförsäljare. Upplägget går ut på att leverantören, konsignanten, deponerar varor med bibehållen äganderätt för förvaring i ett varulager hos återförsäljaren, konsignatarien. Konsignatarien har därefter en rätt att göra uttag från lagret på kredit, som ofta sker i samband med vidareförConsignment is a form of trade arrangement most frequently used between suppliers and retailers. The point of the arrangement is that the supplier, the consignor, places goods with contained ownership for storage at the possession of the retailer, the consignee. The consignee then has a right to withdraw goods on credit, often in connection to the sale to a third party. The capability of the arran
I ett entreprenadavtal kan parterna avtala om att arbetena ska ersättas på löpande räkning. AB 04 innehåller bestämmelser om att ersättning på löpande räkning ska betalas enligt den så kallade självkostnadsprincipen. Syftet med den här uppsatsen har varit att utreda och analysera vilka ekonomiska risker självkostnadsprincipen kan innebära för beställaren och vilka möjligheter beställaren har att sThe parties in a construction contract can stipulate that the construction works are to be compensated on an open account basis. AB 04 states that compensation on an open account basis is to be paid according to the prime cost principle. The purpose of this thesis has been to examine and analyse the financial risks that the prime cost principle means for the employer, and which prospects the emplo
This thesis explored the protective effects of growth factors and antioxidants on striatal and nigral neurons in in vitro and in vivo brain insult models and neural transplants. Five different growth factors were examined for their survival-promoting effects on cultured striatal neurons: basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), truncated insulin-like growth factor-1 (tIGF-1), platelet derived growth
The thesis deals with the following question: Do the national legislation initiatives of Colombia and Peru, aiming at protecting the Indigenous Peoples’ right to land through their right to be consulted prior to any measures that may affect their lives and lands, reach the internationally set standards that these countries have committed to? The thesis concludes that the term Indigenous Peoples
Denna studie bygger på huvudfrågan: Har musiken i grundskolan någon påverkan på elevens inställning till musik senare i livet? Under studien har nya infallsvinklar tagit form och lett studien till resultatet: Musiklärarens påverkan. Från en relativt smal syn på musikundervisningen i grundskolan har element som t ex läroplaner och ledarskapsteorier vidgat studiens syn för vad musiklärare i grundsko
