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Background: The role of non-group A streptococci and Fusobacterium necrophorum in pharyngotonsillitis has been disputed and few prospective studies have evaluated the effect of antibiotic treatment. This study uses registry data to investigate the relation between antibiotic prescription for pharyngotonsillitis in primary healthcare and return visits for pharyngotonsillitis, complications, and ton

Background and purpose: Radiation therapy treatment planning is a manual, time-consuming task that might be accelerated using machine learning algorithms. In this study, we aimed to evaluate if a triplet-based deep learning model can predict volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) dose distributions for prostate cancer patients. Materials and methods: A modified U-Net was trained on triplets, a co

Background: Second primary cancers (SPCs) are important clinically as they may negatively influence patient survival and they may tell about therapeutic side effects and general causes of cancer. Population-based literature concerning SPCs after hepatobiliary cancers is limited and here we assess risks of SPCs after hepatocellular cancer (HCC), and cancers of the gallbladder, bile ducts and ampull

Recent studies have shown increased concentration of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in pre-eclamptic women. Plasma hemopexin (Hpx) and alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M) are hemoglobin scavenger proteins that protect against toxic effects of free heme released in the hemoglobin degradation process. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to analyze maternal plasma Hpx and A1M concentrations at 12–14, 18–20

To assess (1) global longitudinal strain (GLS) by feature tracking cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in the sub-acute and chronic phases after ST-elevation infarction (STEMI) and compare to GLS in healthy controls, and (2) the evolution of GLS and regional longitudinal strain (RLS) over time, and their relationship to infarct location and size. Seventy-seven patients from the CHILL-MI-trial (NCT013

Water purification is one of the most essential services provided by wetlands. A lot of concerns regarding wetlands subjected to climate change relate to their susceptibility to hydrological change and the increase in temperature as a result of global warming. A warmer condition may accelerate the rate of decomposition and release of nutrients, which can be exported downstream and cause serious ec

OBJECTIVES: To assess whether sevoflurane provides better haemodynamic stability than propofol in acute right ventricular (RV) ischaemia-reperfusion. METHODS: Open-chest pigs (mean ± standard deviation, 68.8 ± 4.2 kg) anaesthetized with sevoflurane (n = 6) or propofol (n = 6) underwent 60 min of RV free wall ischaemia and 150 min of reperfusion. Haemodynamic parameters and blood flow in the 3 majo

OBJECTIVE: To discover common genetic variants associated with poststroke outcomes using a genome-wide association (GWA) study. METHODS: The study comprised 6,165 patients with ischemic stroke from 12 studies in Europe, the United States, and Australia included in the GISCOME (Genetics of Ischaemic Stroke Functional Outcome) network. The primary outcome was modified Rankin Scale score after 60 to

Nodularia spumigena is a toxic cyanobacteria that blooms in the Baltic Sea every year. In the brackish water of the Baltic Sea, its toxin, nodularin, mainly affects the biota in the surface water due to the natural buoyancy of this species. However, the fate of the toxin is unknown, once the cyanobacteria bloom enters the more saline waters of the Kattegat. In order to investigate this knowledge g

Background: To elucidate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and to examine the impact of target temperature management (TTM) and early coronary angiography on renal function. Methods: Post hoc analysis of the TTM trial, a multinational randomised controlled trial comparing target temperature of 33 °C versus 36 °C in patients with return of sponta

Background: Previous studies have indicated that there may be a difference in tumor biology between intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the data are still controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize and compare the outcome of IPMC and PDAC after surgical resection. Methods: Studies comparing I

BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a major infectious cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. In clinical trials, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53013 (LGG) has been used to treat diarrhea. However, recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) found no evidence of a beneficial effect of LGG treatment. AIM To evaluate the efficacy of LGG in treating acute diarrhea in children. METHODS The EMBASE,

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor knockout (KO) mice are tools for studying GIP physiology. Previous results have demonstrated that these mice have impaired insulin response to oral glucose. In this study, we examined the insulin response to intravenous glucose by measuring glucose, insulin and C-peptide after intravenous glucose (0.35 g/kg) in 5-h fasted female GIP recep

Background: Voluntary self-exclusion from gambling is a common harm reduction option for individuals with gambling problems. Multi-operator, nationwide self-exclusion services are rare, and a system introduced in the highly web-based gambling market of Sweden is a rare and recent example. However, where web-based casino gambling and web-based betting are the predominate gambling types in those see

The pathophysiology of progressive multiple sclerosis remains elusive, significantly limiting available disease-modifying therapies. Proton MRS (1 H-MRS) enables in vivo measurement of small molecules implicated in multiple sclerosis, but its application to key metabolites glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutathione has been sparse. We employed, at 7 T, a previously validated 1 H-MRS pr

Vaccination is the most cost-effective way of preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) although there was a considerable delay in its institution in Tanzania. This study assessed health care workers' (HCWs) self-perceived infection risk and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. A concurrent embedded, mixed methods design was utilized to collect data among HCWs in seven Tanzanian regions. Quantitative

Realizing ordered structures at the molecular level is a key approach to increase the charge mobility of organic semiconductors. However, the typical solution-based methods employed for the processing make the achievement of well-organized organic nanostructures difficult with the favored formation of disordered assemblies. To realize well-ordered thin films, one needs to design conjugated materia

PURPOSE: Breast cancer screening is predominantly performed using digital mammography (DM), but digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has higher sensitivity. DBT demands more resources than DM, and it might be more feasible to reserve DBT for women with a clear benefit from the technique. We explore if artificial intelligence (AI) can select women who would benefit from DBT imaging.APPROACH: We used

Understanding the nature and origin of the precursor material to terrestrial planets is key to deciphering the mechanisms and timescales of planet formation1. Nucleosynthetic variability among rocky Solar System bodies can trace the composition of planetary building blocks2–5. Here we report the nucleosynthetic composition of silicon (μ30Si), the most abundant refractory planet-building element, i