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Popular Abstract in English Bolivia is the seventh richest country regarding biodiversity in the world. Also, in its territory more than 36 indigenous nations co-exist. Each of these has traditional medicines that are passed on from generation to generation orally. It has been estimated that the Bolivian flora has more than 20,000 plant species. Some of these are being explored for their pharmaceuColon cancer is common in both developed and developing countries, and is responsible for at least 600,000 deaths globally every year. It is therefore the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Extensive studies are being conducted worldwide to find more effective drugs that can be used in cancer treatment. In these studies, phytochemicals have proven to be good sources for drug dis

Popular Abstract in English Oil resources are finite; and political and economic factors affecting oil production,together with the environmental damage associated with the increased use of oil by a rapidly growing population, have underscored the need for developing cleaner technologies based on sustainable resources. In this context, any lignocellulosic biomass that is not used in the food chainThe present work was aimed at developing industrial S. cerevisiae strains with improved tolerance to two types of stressors encountered during the fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass that affect ethanol yield and productivity, namely hydrolysate-derived inhibitors and high temperature, and at understanding the response of yeast and mechanisms of adaptation to such stressors. In one part of the

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur näringsbehovet tillgodoses skiljer sig mellan spädbarn och småbarn. Bröstmjölk och/eller modersmjölksersättning dominerar som källor till energi-och näringsintag under första levnadsåret. I småbarnskosten däremot, tillför komjölk majoriteten av energi, protein och mättat fett, men knappast något järn eller fleromättat fett alls. Flera rekommendationer finns över hurIn the diet for young children, whole cow´s milk is the major contributor of calories, protein and saturated fat, but it supplies little iron and polyunsaturated fat. Although several recommendations exist for the composition of formula, recommendations for the composition of milk for young children are lacking. We investigated if milk with modified fat-, protein-, and iron content aimed at young

Background: Computed tomography (CT) of the brain is performed with high local doses due to high demands on low contrast resolution. Advanced algorithms for noise reduction might be able to preserve critical image information when reducing radiation dose.PurposeTo evaluate the effect of advanced noise filtering on image quality in brain CT acquired with reduced radiation dose. Material and Method

OBJECTIVES: Meniscal pathology in which the aetiology is often unclear is a frequent finding on knee MRI. This study investigates potential risk factors for medial meniscal lesions or extrusion in middle-aged and elderly persons. METHODS: Prospective cohort study using population-based subjects from Birmingham, Alabama and Iowa City, Iowa, USA (the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study). 644 men and

Popular Abstract in English From the pure technological perspective (leaving the business aside), the design of electronic devices, such as mobile phones, is an extremely complex process often involving a large number of disciplines, from mastering complicated mathematical models to proficiency of physical and electrical properties of specific materials involved in the manufacturing. In order to oThe methodology behind this work has been to use the concept of algorithm-hardware co-design to achieve efficient solutions related to the digital front-end in mobile receivers. It has been shown that, by looking at algorithms and hardware architectures together, more efficient solutions can be found; i.e., efficient with respect to some design measure. In this thesis the main focus have been plac

BACKGROUND: Hand eczema is more common in healthcare workers compared to the general population. The hands are subject to changing occupational exposures due to mandatory hygiene regulations for health care workers.OBJECTIVES: To describe the exposure due to hygiene procedures and investigate the associations between occupational hand washing, use of non-sterile gloves, and hand disinfectant and s

Background: The UICC TNM 7th edition introduced stage groups for anal cancer which in 2019 has not yet come into general use. The new TNM 8th edition from 2016 defines 7 sub-stages. Background data for these changes are lacking. We aimed to investigate whether the new classification for anal cancer reliably predict the prognosis in the different stages. Patients and methods: The Nordic Anal Cancer

Objective: To examine prenatal APAP exposure in relation to language development in offspring at 30 months of age. Method: A population-based pregnancy cohort study including 754 women who enrolled in the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and child, Asthma and allergy (SELMA) study in pregnancy week 8-13. Two exposure measures were used: (1) maternally reported number of APAP tablets take

BackgroundThe role of inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other cognitive disorders is unclear. In a well-defined mono-center population, we measured cytokines and chemokines in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. MethodsConsecutive patients with AD (n = 30), stable mild cognitive impairment (SMCI, n = 11), other dementias (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 18) were inclu

Introduction: Misoprostol (Cytotec) was primarily made for treating gastric ulcers. However today it is mostly used for abortion, treating postpartum hemorrhage, and for induction of labor. The tablet contains 200 µg of misoprostol, yet the dosages used for induction of labor are much smaller (25–50 µg), leading to uncertainty of dosage in daily use. Aim: To evaluate and compare the relative bioav

Background: Supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) carries an excessive mortality and morbidity. Although surgical ICH treatment can be life-saving, the indications for surgery in larger cohorts of ICH patients are controversial and not well defined. We hypothesised that surgical indications vary substantially among neurosurgical centres in Sweden. Objective: In this nation-wide retrospect

Background: Knee arthroscopy is one of the most common surgical procedures worldwide and the number of arthroscopies has substantially increased in the last 30 years. Thus, our aim was to provide updated estimates on the risk of complications and compare it with the background risk in the general population. Methods: We identified patients aged 15-84 years with knee arthroscopy in the years 2005-2

The narrative of the Western modernity is a story about technological progress where technology gradually has replaced humans in the world of work. Yet, the relationship between technology and humans is more complex than that. This is illustrated by Jeff Bezos’ idea of “Artificial Artificial Intelligence,” where humans are hired as stand-ins when automatized systems fail. Much has been said about The narrative of the Western modernity is a story about technological progress where technology gradually has replaced humans in the world of work. Yet, the relationship between technology and humans is more complex than that. This is illustrated by Jeff Bezos’ idea of “Artificial Artificial Intelligence,” where humans are hired as stand-ins when automatized systems fail. Much has been said about

OBJECTIVES: To investigate how the co-occurrence of diabetes, hypertension and overweight/obesity is associated with pain following an exercise intervention for knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA).METHODS: Register-based cohort study. We included people from the Swedish Osteoarthritis Register who underwent education and exercise for knee or hip OA. Diabetes and hypertension were defined using medica

AIMS: Patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) have increased prevalence of atrial arrhythmias indicating atrial involvement in the disease. We aimed to assess the long-term evolution of P-wave indices as electrocardiographic (ECG) markers of atrial substrate during ARVC progression. METHODS AND RESULTS: We included 100 patients with a definite ARVC diagnosis according

Left ventricular shape alterations predict cardiovascular outcomes and have been observed in children born preterm and after fetal growth restriction (FGR). The aim was to investigate whether left ventricular shape is altered in adolescents born very preterm and if FGR has an additive effect. Adolescents born very preterm due to verified early-onset FGR and two control groups with birthweight appr

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by multiple strictures of the biliary tree. Patients with PSC frequently require repeated endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures. These procedures are encumbered by an increased incidence of infectious adverse events such as cholangitis. Evidence regarding whether antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) should

Background: Previous research has revealed a clear relationship between weight gain of persons and their metabolic diseases developing later. These studies have covered only short periods lasting 4–8 years. Our goal was to collect decades’ old and often life-long anthropometric data and correlate the figures with the presence of hypertension and diabetes or both. Methods: A retrospective internat

The reliable operation of nuclear reactors is contingent upon precise control mechanisms for critical components, such as the head circulation pumps. This master thesis investigates an innovative approach to address the ramp-down speed of these pumps during external electrical grid failures by exploring the application of a supercapacitor group. Presently, the existing solution relies on a fly-whe