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Aim An inverse relationship exists between vitamin D levels and diabetes mellitus However, little is known about the correlation of sun exposure habits and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) Methods A South Swedish cohort study comprising 1000 women from each age group between 25 and 64 (n = 40,000) drawn from the Southern Swedish population registry 1990-1992 At the inception of the study 74% answered

As a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination lasts about 45 minutes and as the technique is sensitive to motion, children are often given sedation or anesthesia. The aim of this study was to examine whether children aged three to nine years could undergo MRI while awake and achieve adequate image quality if age-adjusted routines were used. A two-group controlled experimental design was used.

Cloud simulations and cloud-climate feedbacks in the tropical and subtropical eastern Pacific region in 16 state-of-the-art coupled global climate models (GCMs) and in the International Pacific Research Center (IPRC) Regional Atmospheric Model (iRAM) are examined. The authors find that the simulation of the present-day mean cloud climatology for this region in the GCMs is very poor and that the cl

The present study collected and analyzed flow boiling data points which fall in the annular flow regime with an increasing heat transfer coefficient h - vapor quality x trend (h increases with increasing x) in small diameter channels (0.1 < dh < 3.1 mm) for halogenated refrigerants, CO2 and water. In this annular flow regime, heat transfer coefficient also depends on both heat flux and mass flux.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Övergripande syfte Syftet med avhandlingen var att utvärdera hur en förenklad metod för diagnostisering av blodproppar i benets djupa ådror (djup ventrombos (DVT)) fungerar i svensk rutinsjukvård. Den förenklade metoden innebär användning av en strukturerad klinisk sannolikhetsbedömning tillsammans med ett blodprov (D-dimer test). Vi jämförde också vår D-dimermetod med The combination of pre-test clinical probability assessment and D-dimer test is now widely applied in the diagnostic process of DVT. The general objective of the present investigation was to validate these results in a Swedish routine emergency setting were the prevalence of the disease is high and were the clinical probability assessment was handled by many junior physicians. Furthermore, our aim

The effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization (0-150 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) since 1865) and pH (3.3-7.4) on fungal and bacterial growth, biomass and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition were investigated in grassland soils from the 'Park Grass Experiment', Rothamsted Research, UK. Bacterial growth decreased and fungal growth increased with lower pH, resulting in a 50-fold increase in the relative

Aims/hypothesis The relevance of the OGTT in predicting type 2 diabetes is unclear. We assessed the performance of 14 OGTT glucose traits in type 2 diabetes prediction. Methods We studied 2,603 and 2,386 Europeans from the Botnia study and Malmo Prevention Project (MPP) cohorts with baseline OGTT data. Over a follow-up period of 4.94 years and 23.5 years, 155 (5.95%) and 467 (19.57%) participants,

Objectives/Hypothesis: The aims were to determine health-related quality of life (HRQoL), including voice problems, dysphagia, depression, and anxiety after total laryngectomy (TL), and investigate the associations between HRQoL and the late effects. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: 172 participants having received a TL 1.6 to 18.1 years ago for laryngeal/hypopharyngeal cancer filled

Background: Portal vein occlusion (PVO) is an established method to increase the volume of the future liver remnant (FLR). The main reasons for not proceeding to radical hepatectomy are lack of volume increase and tumor progression due to a wait-time interval of up to 8 weeks. The hypothesis was that the increase in FLR volume is not linear and is largest during the first weeks. Methods: Patients

Background: Throughout the world many people have both obesity and chronic pain, comorbidities that decrease Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). It is uncertain whether patients with comorbid obesity can maintain improved HRQoL after Interdisciplinary Multimodal Pain Rehabilitation (IMMPR). Methods: Data from 2016, 2017, and 2018 were obtained from a national pain database for Swedish speciali

Background: There is substantial evidence that patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have high response rates to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), a low likelihood of successful treatment termination, but yet a limited drug retention. Whereas several reports have assessed drug retention rates for TNFi in AS, there are few, if any, studies investigating the actual treatment trajectories

Background: No recommendation exists on the amount of petrolatum (pet.) preparation to be applied in a Finn Chamber (R) or van der Bend Chamber. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate amount of pet. preparation to apply in the Finn and van der Bend chambers. Methods: 12 volunteers were patch tested with green-coloured pet. in Finn and van der Bend chambers on the back o

Police crash reports are often the main source for official data in many countries. However, police sampling and data are known to be subject to bias, making the countermeasures adopted according to them possibly inefficient. In the case of bicycle crashes, this bias is most acute and it probably varies across countries, with some of them being more prone to reporting accidents to police than othe

BackgroundIn emergency department (ED) chest pain patients, the European Society of Cardiology recommends the use of a 0h/1h high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin (hs-cTn) protocol. However, the recommendation is based on observational studies and the effects of the protocol when implemented in routine care is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of the ESC 0h/1h

Previous studies have suggested that the development of diabetes in the BB rats does not require the expression of T lymphopenia. In order to derive non-lymphopenic diabetic rats and define the relationship between the T cell abnormalities, MHC genotype, and diabetes, we performed a cross between BB/H and diabetes resistant BB/control followed by an intercross of the F1. In the F2, the overall inc

The relationship between bolus volume (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 ml) and larynx elevation during swallowing was assessed in 10 non-dysphagic and 10 dysphagic individuals without pharyngeal dysfunction. Laryngeal elevation in different types of pharyngeal dysfunction was assessed in 60 non-dysphagic and 75 dysphagic patients. All subjects were examined with liquid barium and cineradiography at 50 frames/s.

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an insidiously progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by multiple cognitive impairments and gradual loss of independence in carrying out activities of daily living (ADL). Currently, the predominant therapy for mild-to-moderate AD is cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs), which have been shown to have positive effects on symptoms compared wi

AbstractPURPOSE: To assess the relative influence of genetic and environmental factors on optic disc size and cup/disc ratio in healthy eyes. METHODS: A sample of 55 monozygotic and 50 dizygotic healthy twin pairs aged 20-46, all having the same sex within pairs (47 pairs were male) had optic discs measured from colour fundus photographs according to the Wisconsin Protocol. Structural equation mod

Chronic glomerular and tubular nephrotoxicity has been reported in up to 50% and 25%, respectively, of children and adolescents treated with ifosfamide and up to 60% and 30% of those given cisplatin. Up to 35% of children have proteinuria and microalbuminuria, implying chronic glomerular damage, after unilateral nephrectomy for a renal tumour. We are still learning about nephrotoxicity due to the