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Cyclomaltodextrinases are multidomain and often dimeric proteins from the alpha-amylase family (glycoside hydrolase family 13) which frequently have been very difficult to express in active form in Escherichia coli. To express the soluble form of this type of proteins in larger quantities the expression has to be optimized. We have used and combined two strategies to increase the yield of soluble

Abstract Oil rich states all over the world share a common feature. They are less likely than other states, depending on other resources, to be ruled democratically. In this essay Saudi Arabia has been studied with the purpose of trying to find which mechanisms that lie behind why oil rich states do not have institutions or institutional change that promotes democracy. Saudi Arabia has the world

In aqueous solutions hydrophobically modified polyethylene glycol (HM-PEG) forms a transient polymer network held together by intermolecular hydrophobic associations. In the present investigation we have used NMR-diffusometry to study how the addition of methylated alpha-cyclodextrin (M-alpha-CD) influences the polymer network. The addit on of M-alpha-CD resulted in an increased mean self-diffusio

The interest for effective preventive strategies for slips and falls is growing. Much remains to be done, however, to prevent slips and falls in the traffic environment. Some pedestrians are injured because of slippery pavements and roadways. Using an appropriate anti-skid device may reduce the risk of slips and falls on different surfaces outdoors during winter. The aim of this study was to evalu

Partially premixed combustion using gasoline-like fuels on compression ignition engines shows great potentials to break the soot-nitrogen oxides trade off and reduce both emissions simultaneously. By simply adjusting the dilution strategies and injection events, the control of partially premixed combustion is relatively easier compared to other low-temperature combustion concepts. However despite

High-profile studies have provided conflicting results regarding the involvement of the Omi/HtrA2 gene in Parkinson's disease (PD) susceptibility. Therefore, we performed a large-scale analysis of the association of common Omi/HtrA2 variants in the Genetic Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease (GEO-PD) consortium. GEO-PD sites provided clinical and genetic data including affection status, gender, et

Major volcanic eruptions are one of the most devastating and unpredictable events for all societies past and present. Althoughmajor progress has been made by archaeologists in understanding volcanic impacts on past societies, almost all this work hasfocused on urban or settled agricultural societies. In contrast, there is a major gap in knowledge about how forager communitieswere able to respond a

The effect of different input rates of dissolved inorganic (DIN) and organic (DON) nitrogen on a microbial food web was studied with the help of a mathematical model. Three species of phytoplankton were modelled, with trade-off characteristics for maximum per capita growth rate, half-saturation constant and edibility. Bacteria used only DON, while 2 different types of microzooplankton grazed on th

Estrogen ( ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) status was analysed in paraffin-embedded breast cancer material with immunohistochemical (IHC) technique and compared with corresponding analyses in cytosols ( CYT). ER showed the same status (positive/negative) with both methods in 88% of the samples (352/ 402). The concordance was also high for PgR status (81% [321/394]). Besides values near cut-off

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) permits the visualization of anatomical structures not appreciated by conventional radiographic imaging, and may assess inflammatory disease and its progression with greater sensitivity than conventional radiography. In this study of 30 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which could be considered as a pilot study because of the relatively small number o

Ultrafiltration can be used to concentrate arabinoxylan isolated from wheat bran. Prefiltration with diatomaceous earth and air sparging during ultrafiltration of the alkaline hemicellulose solution were both found to increase the flux, while nitrogen sparging had no effect. The flux of the untreated solution was 51 L/m2 h, while the flux after prefiltration of the solution with diatomaceous earth

Background: Periampullary adenocarcinomas are a heterogenous group of tumours with poor prognosis that hasnot improved considerably the last decades. Tumour morphology, i.e. intestinal type (I-type) or pancreatobiliarytype (PB-type), has been demonstrated to be a more relevant prognostic factor than anatomical origin. Tumourinfiltrating immune cells are vital in shaping the natural progress of can

The amount of short wavelength (ultraviolet (UV), violet and blue) light that reaches the retina depends on the transmittance properties of the ocular media, especially the lens, and varies greatly across species in all vertebrate groups studied previously. We measured the lens transmittance in 32 anuran amphibians with different habits, geographical distributions and phylogenetic positions and us

This chapter focuses on the experiences of powerlessness among police detectives in a global world. Specifically, it discusses how Danish detectives often feel that certain foreign national criminals get away with their crimes with impunity – here not necessarily meaning that criminals are not caught and sentenced. Rather, what increasingly frustrates Danish detectives are their experiences of how

Molluscan benthic assemblages provide unique opportunities for understanding both spatial and temporal patterns of biodiversity. Species richness in the shell remains found at a site (i.e. the death assemblage) is typically several times higher than in the counterpart living assemblage, reflecting a complex history of settlement, dissemination and decomposition post-mortem. We used high-density te

Membrane filtration of kraft black liquor (KBL), a side-stream of the pulp and paper industry, is challenged by membrane fouling caused by its multicomponent complexity. The specific contributions of the components found in KBL to the fouling and the characteristics of the fouling layer that they create has not been investigated. Herein, the adsorptive and desorptive behaviours of KBL ultrafiltrat

At a time of increasing environmental changes and geopolitical tensions, the need for collaboration in the Arctic is greater than ever. Top-down initiatives such as the Arctic Council have contributed to important increased collaboration and science diplomacy. Similarly, bottom-up initiatives have also played a major role in establishing diplomacy among researchers with spin-offs at government lev

Despite decades of research on the pathophysiology of depression, the development of new therapeutic interventions has been slow, and no biomarkers of treatment response have been clinically implemented. Several lines of evidence suggest that the clinical and biological heterogeneity among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has hampered progress in this field. MDD with low-grade inflamm