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Site-directed mutagenesis of a thermostable alkaline phytase from Bacillus sp. MD2 was performed with an aim to increase its specific activity and activity and stability in an acidic environment. The mutation sites are distributed on the catalytic surface of the enzyme (P257R, E180N, E229V and S283R) and in the active site (K77R, K179R and E227S). Selection of the residues was based on the idea th
Background: A worse outcome has been reported for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) patients with low socioeconomic status. We have investigated the association between level of education, clinical stage at diagnosis (stage at diagnosis) and CMM-specific survival in Sweden. Methods: We identified 27,235 patients from the Swedish Melanoma Register diagnosed with a primary invasive CMM between 1990
This study aimed to determine the impact of tyrosine-kinase inhibitors given pre- and post-allogeneic stem cell transplantation on long term outcome of patients allografted for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This retrospective analysis from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT included 473 de novo Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia pat
Children diagnosed with noncentral nervous system solid cancers (NCNSSC) experience several adverse late effects, including second malignant neoplasm. The aim of our study was to assess the risk of specific second malignancies after a childhood NCNSSC. Diagnosis and follow-up data on 10,988 cases of NCNSSC in children (0-14 years) were obtained from 13 registries. Standardized incidence ratios (SI
Background: The FTO gene harbors the strongest known susceptibility locus for obesity. While many individual studies have suggested that physical activity (PA) may attenuate the effect of FTO on obesity risk, other studies have not been able to confirm this interaction. To confirm or refute unambiguously whether PA attenuates the association of FTO with obesity risk, we meta-analyzed data from 45
Previous studies have indicated that ionizing radiation, particularly during childhood, is the main established risk factor for thyroid cancer. History of benign nodules/adenoma, goiter, iodine deficiency or high-iodine intake might be other associated factors. We wanted to define the histology-specific thyroid cancer risk in the first-generation immigrants to Sweden. We used the 2010 update of th
The perfusion-/diffusion-weighted imaging (PWI/DWI) mismatch and the diffusion/fluid attenuated inversion recovery (DWI/FLAIR) mismatch are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of evolving brain ischemia. We examined whether the DWI/FLAIR mismatch was independently associated with the PWI/DWI mismatch. Furthermore, we determined whether the presence of the DWI/FLAIR mismatch in patients with t
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Havsnivåförändringar på södra Grönland. Den globala havsnivån har förändrats under den nuvarande mellanistiden främst på grund av fördelningen av vatten mellan hav och glaciärer. Den relativa havsnivån på södra Grönland påverkas också till stor del av jordskorpans anpassning till storleken på det grönländska istäcket. I denna studie presenteras en ny strandförUntil recently there have only been a few observations of relative sea-level change from the inner Bredefjord area in southern Greenland. Here a new sea-level curve is presented from the Tasiusaq area based on data mainly from a sediment sequence from a marine embayment. Sea-level changes can be recorded in sediments as changed chemical composition, physical properties and macrofossil content. Iso
Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunocytochemical (ICC) analysis of cell blocks (CBs) has recently emerged in clinical practice. Unlike standardized immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, cytology involves various preparation methods and fixatives. This study investigated how various fixatives influence PD-L1 immunoreactivity in CBs from malignant pleural
Background: We aimed to assess the risk of serious infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exposed to different advanced therapies. Methods: We linked nationwide registers and compared rates of incident serious infections in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) exposed to medical therapies versus matched general population comparators during 2007-2023
GOALS: To assess the incidence, type, and severity of infections in patients with IBD before and after starting thiopurine therapy.BACKGROUND: Thiopurines have been used for decades in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet real-world data regarding the extent and types of infections associated with their use are scarce.STUDY: We included all thiopurine-naive adults with IBD who in
Introduction: Using time-limited trials of low-dose, sustained-release morphine to reduce chronic breathlessness to evaluate net effects may generate opioid withdrawal symptoms if medication is ceased. This sub-study of a larger randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial aimed to evaluate if this occurred. Methods: People with modified Medical Research Council breathlessness scores of 3 or
Accurate, high-resolution global land use and land cover (LULC) mapping is crucial for environmental monitoring, but remains challenging when relying solely on multispectral data. Most existing global LULC mapping studies rely exclusively on multispectral observations, and even those that incorporate synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data often fail to fully exploit the information it provides. SAR p
BackgroundThe Job Demand–Control–Support (JD-C-S) model evaluates how psychosocial work factors affect health and performance. We examined how demographics, job title, and experience influence demand, control, and support among Ghanaian pharmacy staff.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of pharmacy personnel from Tamale and Sagnerigu was conducted using the JD-C-S questionnaire. Demand and control ite
Introduction Systemic inflammation is postulated to mediate heat stroke and heat-related organ injury, yet acute inflammatory responses among heat-stressed workers remains poorly understood. We aimed to describe neutrophil mobilisation and potential release of DNA during heat stress in multiple hot occupational settings and a controlled experimental setting. Methods Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NL
Objectives: Panax ginseng (P. ginseng, C.A. Meyer) is suggested to improve blood glucose regulation, but evidence remains inconsistent. We examined whether consuming P. ginseng as a preload before a carbohydrate-rich meal modulates postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial, 22 healthy middle-aged adults consumed P. ginseng tablets containin
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Achieving adequate concentrations of beta-lactam antibiotics in patients with severe infections is challenging, and therefore therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) would be optimal for guiding beta-lactam dosing, but is often limited by availability. UV/VIS spectrophotometry can quantify drug levels in saline, and if those levels truly reflect plasma concentrations, it could
BACKGROUND/AIM: Determining the causation of an injury in living individuals is a key task for forensic pathologists. However, little is known about sex-based differences in injury characteristics. The study aims to examine sex-based differences in single stab injuries to the trunk among assault survivors, to potentially identify injury patterns that could aid forensic assessment and help in the m
BACKGROUND: Early HIV diagnosis allows timely interventions to control HIV transmission. We have determined the proportion of recent infections among people living with HIV (PLHIV) enrolling to care in Ethiopia and identified factors associated with recent infection. METHODS: Participants (aged ≥ 15 years) newly enrolled in HIV care were recruited from urban clinics in central Ethiopia (2022-2024)
Process-based biosphere models, which formulate biophysical ecosystem processes, provide a mechanistic framework for understanding terrestrial carbon dynamics. In contrast, data-driven approaches, e.g., upscaling eddy covariance (EC) fluxes using satellite observations and machine learning, offer empirical estimates. These complementary methods often diverge significantly, particularly in estimati
