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Fatigue failure is a distinct possibility in spallation targets like tungsten, subjected to cyclic thermo-mechanical loading caused by beam trips and beam pulses. In this study, the tensile and fatigue properties of pure tungsten from two different processing routes have been determined at room temperature. The specimens tested were sintered, rolled and annealed (RA), as well as sintered and HIPed
The concept of a bioeconomy can be understood as an economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals, and energy are derived from renewable biological resources. Biorefineries are considered an integral part of the development toward a future sustainable bioeconomy. The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize current knowledge about how biorefinery technologies are being
All human practices are, ultimately, set and defined by limits; be they social, economic, physical, or environmental. Yet even in the face of such realities, practices which transgress the confines of possibility remain remarkably obdurate. This thesis addresses the issue of one such practice, i.e. the escalation of personal mobility across time and space which pushes above and beyond systemic bou
In spark assisted homogeneous charge compression ignition (SACI) engines a premixed flame is first established; the propagating flame results in compression heating of the end gas and finally auto-ignition of the gas. Two dimensional direct numerical simulation (2D DNS) and one dimensional (1D) detailed simulations of flame/spontaneous ignition interaction in a lean hydrogen/air mixture under a co
During pregnancy and involution, an extensive remodelling of the human cervical connective tissue occurs. This cervical ripening is one of the most pronounced physiological remodelling processes known in human connective tissue. To investigate how the remodelling is accomplished, the levels of mRNA for collagen I and III, versican and three small proteoglycans, biglycan, decorin and fibromodulin,
Background: Survivors of childhood cancer are at increased risk for a wide range of late effects. However, no large population-based studies have included the whole range of somatic diagnoses including subgroup diagnoses and all main types of childhood cancers. Therefore, we aimed to provide the most detailed overview of the long-term risk of hospitalisation in survivors of childhood cancer. Metho
How are threat images framed and constructed by the so-called warlord democrats (WDs)? Societies that have suffered from large-scale civil wars are commonly permeated by inter-group fear and hate. In these contexts, former military or political leaders of armed groups sometimes become involved in post-war politics. These WDs can act as reconciliation spoilers by making securitising moves, i.e. the
Executive summary The general aim of this report is to establish the state of the art of Impact Assessment (IA) in the EC and some selected European countries, while comparing the formal political advances with impact assessment work in practice. Two of the selected countries belong to the group that is identified as forerunners in IA development, Sweden and UK. France is an example of a country w
Broadband circuit models for electric machines are effective means to understand, predict, and control the phenomenon of conducted Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) from immunity/susceptibility perspective. These models should cover the capacitive and inductive coupling behavior of the component along the frequency range of interest. Circuit models used under generic SPICE simulation softwares ar
Hjärtsvikt betecknar ett syndrom som innebär att hjärtat har otillräcklig förmåga att försörja kroppen med blod. Detta kan antingen bero på att hjärtat inte kan fyllas med eller stöta ut tillräckligt med mängd blod. Patienter med hjärtsvikt har i allmänhet hög dödlighet, detta trots att stora framsteg har gjorts avseende behandlingen av hjärtsvikt, speciellt sedan 1980-talet. Femårsöverlevnaden föIntroduction: Despite major advances, the incidence rate and mortality of heart failure (HF) remains high, with a five-year survival of approximately 50%. At the time of inception of this thesis the familial risks of HF, including the aspects of mortality, were largely underdetermined. This thesis is composed of four papers with the main aims as follows:To determine the risk of hospitalization of
In August 2008, Georgia was engaged in an internal armed-conflict with its breakaway region of South Ossetia, which shortly after, grew into a large-scale war with Russian Federation. In the course of the war, hundreds of civilians became victims of the international crimes committed by belligerent sides. Hence, the central issue of my research is a post-conflict justice. In particular, if there e
Frågan om bevisning utgör en viktig fråga även i skiljeförfaranden. I synnerhet skriftlig bevisning är viktig då den överlag anses vara mer tillförlitlig än muntlig sådan. Det är därför av vikt att part får tillgång till all skriftlig bevisning, även sådan som motpart eller annan kan tänkas inneha. Om dessa dokument frivilligt företes av part eller tredje man uppstår inga problem. Problemen börjar
Vid avtalsförhandlingar mellan privata näringsidkare kan det vara nödvändigt att utlämna hemlig information för att avtal ska kunna komma till stånd. Information och kunskap utgör ofta centrala tillgångar i ett företag och möjligheten att skydda sådana tillgångar i avtalsförhållanden kan vara av avgörande betydelse vid affärsuppgörelser. I detta avseende spelar sekretessavtal en viktig roll inom nIn contract negotiations between commercial parties, it may be necessary to disclose confidential information to establish a contractual relationship. Information and knowledge are often key assets of a business, and the ability to protect these assets may be crucial for the contracting parties. In this respect, confidentiality agreements play an important role in commercial relationships. In the
I Mylonitzonen, strax utanfor Buahalvön ligger Norra Horten, en mantelderiverad mafit som intruderat i samband med uppsmältingsprocesser relaterade till en östliga subduktionshändelse mellan 1.69-1.55 Ga. Intrusionen består av två huvudbergarter, metagabbro och hornbländit. Hornbländiten är ett kumulat av metagabbron. Kumulatets kemiska sammansättning pekar på att en fraktionering av olivin föregåIn the Mylonite zone, south of the Bua peninsula lies Norra Horten, a mantle derived mafic body that intruded in association with melting processes related to eastward subduction between 1.69-1.55 Ga. The intrusion consists of two main rock types, metagabbro and hornblendite. The hornblendite is a cumulate of the metagabbro. The cumulate´s chemical composition suggests that a fractionation of oliv
The European integration is one of the spectacular historical events. The result that has been obtained would be virtually impossible for any other regional organization to achieve. However, the continuation of this accomplishment depends upon some premises. Throughout this study, the crucial dynamics of the last two decades, which have rekindled the integration endeavor, are questioned from the n
The capacity of murine liver dendritic cells (DC) to present bacterial Ags and produce cytokines after encounter with Salmonella was studied. Freshly isolated, nonparenchymal liver CD11c(+) cells had heterogeneous expression of MHC class II and CD11b and a low level of CD40 and CD86 expression. Characterization of liver DC subsets revealed that CD8alpha(-)CD4(-) double negative cells constituted t
Spread options have become very popular in basically every sector of the financial markets, although the pricing of these derivatives still remains a challenge. In this thesis we examine the pricing of spread options using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). We implement a FFT method derived by Hurd and Zhou [10] and investigate the performance of the method under three different market models: the
The adage “think global, act local” can be a fitting description of how to address climate change. Municipalities are often responsible for implementing the measures required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and shift to a more climate-neutral development trajectory. However, there is a vast spectrum of municipal ambition regarding climate, and not all municipalities manage to have robust and am
Bakgrund: Generellt bland industrivärldens lager är denhuvudsakliga uppgiften försörjning av material mot montering och tillverkning. Så är fallet även på ABB Swedewater. När en produkt ska tillverkas plockar personalen på lagret ihop de komponenter som behövs och skickar dem till tillverkningen. Materialet till anläggningen ”kittas” för att underlätta arbetet i produktion. Detta betonar vikten avBackground: Generally among industrialized warehouses, the main operational task is to supply the assembly or manufacturing with material, so is also the situation at ABB Swedewater. When manufacturing a product, the warehouse personnel pick necessary components requested by othersections of the production. This stresses the importance of a correct performance when picking, as this forms the base
