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Air pollution causes premature mortality and morbidity globally, but these adverse health effects occur over proportionately in low-and middle-income countries. Lack of both air pollution data and knowledge of its spatial distribution in African countries have been suggested to lead to an underestimation of health effects from air pollution. This study aims to measure nitrogen oxides (NOx), as wel
Bayesian decision analysis is a useful method for risk management decisions, but is limited in its ability to consider severe uncertainty in knowledge, and value ambiguity in management objectives. We study the use of robust Bayesian decision analysis to handle problems where one or both of these issues arise. The robust Bayesian approach models severe uncertainty through bounds on probability dis
This paper extends the application of quantile-based Bayesian inference to probability distributions defined in terms of quantiles of observable quantities. Quantile-parameterized distributions are characterized by high shape flexibility and parameter interpretability, making them useful for eliciting information about observables. To encode uncertainty in the quantiles elicited from experts, we p
Många organisationer försöker idag vända en utveckling med växande detaljstyrning och byråkrati, för att i stället öka handlingsutrymmet för chefer och medarbetare.På så vis hoppas vi bättre ta vara på den motivation och det omdöme som finns hos såväl anställda som verksamhetens målgrupper. I denna omställning är tilliten avgörande. Därför arbetar allt fler offentliga organisationer med tillit som
Introduction. The ability to read and interpret different types of text can be significantly impacted by neuropsychiatric disabilities, which affect cognitive abilities. This paper explores and reviews previous studies within library and information science on neuropsychiatric disabilities in relation to reading practices. Method. Searches were performed in LISA and LISTA to identify research on Introduction. The ability to read and interpret different types of text can be significantly impacted by neuropsychiatric disabilities, which affect cognitive abilities. This paper explores and reviews previous studies within library and information science on neuropsychiatric disabilities in relation to reading practices. Method. Searches were performed in LISA and LISTA to identify research on
The aim was to investigate collaboration between relatives of frail elderly patients and nurses in acute hospital wards, and to develop and test an instrument to investigate, from the relatives? perspective, dimensions of collaboration in this context and the association between collaboration and satisfaction with the hospital care trajectory. The underpinning assumption for the study was that rel
Objective This study provides the summary of current knowledge about migrant work in agriculture available from journal articles, books, reports and other relevant academic publications, focusing on political, economic, legal, social and medical aspects of migrant work in agriculture. Methods A systematic search was carried out on the LibHub and Google Scholar databases in order to compile the e
Risk analysis is important for safety-critical IT systems and services, both in public and private organizations. However, the actual practices and the challenges of risk analysis in these contexts have not been fully explored. This paper investigates the current practices of risk analysis by an interview-based investigation. This study investigates several factors of the risk analysis process, e.
Although legal contexts are subject to biased reasoning and decision making, to identify and test debiasing techniques has largely remained an open task. We report on experimentally deploying the technique “giving reasons pro et contra” with professional (N = 239) and lay judges (N = 372) at Swedish municipal courts. Using a mock legal scenario, participants assessed the relevance of an eyewitnessAlthough legal contexts are subject to biased reasoning and decision making, to identify and test debiasing techniques has largely remained an open task. We report on experimentally deploying the technique “giving reasons pro et contra” with professional (N = 239) and lay judges (N = 372) at Swedish municipal courts. Using a mock legal scenario, participants assessed the relevance of an eyewitness
Aim: To evaluate three types of ventilation systems for operating rooms with respect to air cleanliness [in colony-forming units (cfu/m3)], energy consumption and comfort of working environment (noise and draught) as reported by surgical team members. Methods: Two commonly used ventilation systems, vertical laminar airflow (LAF) and turbulent mixed airflow (TMA), were compared with a newly develop
Globalisering, ny teknologi och demografiska förändringar innebär genomgripande förändringar av arbetsmiljö och arbetsorganisation. Om arbetsmiljöpolitiken då inte är tydlig och viljeinriktad finns en påtaglig risk för ett polariserat arbetsliv, där de som kan välja mellan olika arbetsgivare får en god och utvecklande arbetsmiljö, medan de andra riskerar att bli hänvisade till förhållanden där int
The properties of gas-borne aggregates are important in nano-technology and for potential health effects. Gold aggregates from three generators (one commercial and one custom built spark discharge generator and one high-temperature furnace) have been characterized. The aggregate surface areas were determined using five approaches - based on aggregation theory and/or measured aggregate properties.
Background: Airborne particles are associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in polluted areas. There is a growing interest in nano-sized particles with diameter < 100 nm and their potential health effects. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive method for cardiovascular risk prediction in high prevalent groups. Aim of study: The aim wa
