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Purpose: Our animal model suggests that quantification of ductal flow from colour Doppler pixels is possible. We aimed to clarify whether this method can be used to determine a clinically significant ductal shunt in children. Methods: We retrospectively quantified ductal flow from saved images from 20 children who had been admitted for device occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus. Colour Doppler i
Under de senaste två decennierna har sexualbrottslagstiftningen, som återfinns i brottsbalkens sjätte kapitel, genomgått flera omfattande reformer. Flera av dessa har syftat till att skärpa straffansvaret vid sexualbrott på distans. Vid genomförda reformer har lagstiftarens syfte alltjämt varit att skifta fokus från de sexuella handlingarnas tekniska karaktär till kränkningen som sådan vid avgränsOver the past two decades, the legislation on sexual offences, which is found in Chapter 6 of the Swedish Criminal Code, has undergone several extensive reforms. Several of these have aimed to increase criminal liability for remote sexual offences. Throughout these reforms, the legislator’s intent has consistently been to shift the focus from the technical nature of the sexual acts to the violatio
In efforts to form resilience-building strategies and guide action across the globe, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015) outlined four priorities, the first of which is Understanding Disaster Risk. The purpose of this research is to delve into the concept of disaster risk and see how it is understood by the duty-bearing entity tasked with reducing disaster risk (the government)
Studiens syfte var att psykometriskt undersöka ett testverktyg för mätning av matematiskt problemlösningsförmåga. För detta syfte fick 273 elever i åk 2 göra det läsplattebaserade testet Klurisen vid två tillfällen och en svensk version av Iowa Test of Basic Skills, deltest Mathematical Problem Solving, benämnt IOWA, vid ett tillfälle. Studien fann att Klurisens deltest, A- och B-del hade otillräcThe purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of Klurisen, a test measuring mathematical problem-solving ability. A total of 273 Second grade students participated in trials, testing Klurisen twice and an adapted Swedish version of a subtest of the Iowa Test of Basic Skills once. Results indicated that the reliability of the two subtests of Klurisen were low when assessed se
Den 13 mars 2014 beslutade regeringen att ge en särskild utredare i uppdrag att se över beskattningen vid ägarskiften i fåmansföretag. Genom ett tilläggsdirektiv kom utredningen även att se över de särskilda skattereglerna för delägare i fåmansföretag. Den 8 juni 2017 utfärdades lagrådsremissen Förändrade skatteregler för delägare i fåmansföretag. Lagrådsremissen innehåller ett flertal förslag somOn March 13th 2014, the government decided to give a special commission the task of reviewing the tax on owner shifts in closely held corporations (Fåmansföretag). By an additional directive the commission came to evaluate the special tax rules for Fåmansföretag, the 3:12-rules, as well. On June 8th 2017, the council on legislation referral was presented as Changed taxation rules for shareholders
Bakgrund: För att skelettmuskulaturen ska kunna kontraheras krävs energirika fosfatbindningar som heter adenosintrifosfat (ATP). För att tillgodose muskulaturens behov av energi finns 3 olika system, där det största, som producerar majoriteten av all ATP under vila och längre ansträngningar (>1 minut) är det aeroba systemet. I avsaknad av syre eller när de aeroba processerna inte hinner ta vara p
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using extended-wavelength diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (EW-DRS) to measure tissue response related to blood perfusion. The study was performed on a model that we have previously found to be useful for studying techniques for perfusion monitoring following the injection of epinephrine in a local anesthetic in the human fore
This article is situated in the context of an intensified discourse within which academic developers are being asked to provide evidence of impact, and argues that theoretical models currently used are imprecise and fail to capture the variation in outcomes from professional development activities. Through reference to previous research on how teachers' thinking can be described in relation to var
The possibility that neuronal damage due to hypoglycemia is induced by agonists acting on the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor was investigated in the rat caudate nucleus. Local injections of an NMDA receptor antagonist, 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid, were performed before induction of 30 minutes of reversible, insulin-induced, hypoglycemic coma. Neuronal necrosis in these animals after 1
BACKGROUND: People with intellectual disability (ID) have high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, but even higher rates of prescription of psychotropic drugs. METHODS: Using Swedish national registers, we identified a group of older people with ID and diagnosis of mood disorders (ICD-10 codes F32-F39) and/or anxiety (ICD-10 code F4) during 2006-2012 (n = 587) and a referent group of people from
Aim: There is ongoing controversy regarding the extent to which Hartmann's procedure (HP) should be used in rectal cancer treatment. This study was designed to investigate 30-day postoperative morbidity and mortality following HP, anterior resection (AR) and abdominoperineal resection (APR) for rectal cancer using a national registry. Methods: All patients operated for rectal cancer, tumour height
Ferritin, the central iron storage protein, has attracted attention as a biomarker of severe COVID-19. Few studies have investigated regulators of iron metabolism in the context of COVID-19. The aim was to evaluate biomarkers for iron metabolism in the acute phase response to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by SARS-CoV-2 compared with CAP caused by bacteria or influenza virus in hospital
This thesis examines the evolution of Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) in the EU. The overarching purpose is to give an example of ideational causation in the EU, and concretely, to illustrate how a norm can cause changes to policy and to policymaking. It is argued that the PCD concept is essentially a norm, because it provides a guideline for how to prioritize between differing and often co
Objectives: Our aim was to compare direct costs for single pill combinations (SPCs) and free-drug combinations for hypertension treatment. Methods: We focused on Australia as a case study and reviewed total costs, and for the patient and government. We reviewed the Australian “Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme item drug map” considering different thresholds for the government safety net. Total costs
We examined oxygen three-isotope ratios of 48 extraterrestrial chromite (EC) grains extracted from mid-Ordovician sediments from two different locations in Sweden, and one location in south-central China. The ages of the sediments (similar to 470 Ma) coincide with the breakup event of the L chondrite parent asteroid. Elemental compositions of the chromite grains are generally consistent with their
Introduction: Cyclic adenosine 3’5’-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3’5’-monophoshpate (cGMP) are critical intracellular second-messengers involved in the transduction of a wide variety of extracellular stimuli, including peptide hormones, growth factors, cytokines, neurotransmitters and light. These messengers modulate many fundamental biological processes, including growth, differentia
Smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific deletion of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling would help elucidate the mechanisms through which TGF-beta signaling contributes to vascular development and disease. We attempted to generate mice with SMC-specific deletion of TGF-beta signaling by mating mice with a conditional ("floxed") allele for the type 11 TGF-beta receptor (tgfbr2(flox)) to
In Sweden a new red list was issued 2000, but there is no published list of the most important areas for biodiversity preservation. I use woodliving and red-listed beetles as indicators of “hot-spots” for biodiversity preservation, since these insects constitute a large proportion of the red-listed forest living species in Sweden. Based on museum and many large private collections of beetles from
