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Crisis management exercises sometimes produce weak or vague learning results with very limited applicability. This paper addresses these problems by developing a theoretical framework on learning from crisis management exercises. The framework focuses on necessary requirements and beneficial factors for the conceptual learning of individuals from discussion-based exercises. The variation theory of
Critical infrastructures provide services that are essential for the functioning of our society and extensive disruptions in these can have widespread effects. These effects are not only limited to the directly affected infrastructure but also indirectly through interdependencies to other infrastructures. By only account-ing for the direct consequences when analysing critical infrastructures, the
A comparison between three different types of particle sizing instruments (fast mobility particle sizer, FMPS; electrical low pressure impactor, ELPI; and scanning mobility particle sizer, SMPS) and one condensation particle counter (CPC) was made to compare instrument response in terms of size distributions and number concentration. Spherical oil droplets in 39 different sizes, with geometric mea
The effects of combustion phase and fuel on smoke particle emissions from a wood stove operated with three different wood fuels and from a corn stove were investigated. A single-particle mass spectrometer (aerosol time of flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS)) was used for time-and size-resolved chemical signatures and a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) was used for online mobility size distrib
Objective: Radiographic damage is an important outcome in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The disease course varies considerably, and there is a need for simple and reliable prognostic markers. The aim of the study was to determine the utility of early signs of extra-articular disease, manifested as rheumatoid nodules (RN), in predicting radiographic outcome. Methods: In a cohort (n = 1589) of consecut
Background: Respiratory tract deposition of air pollution particles is a key to their adverse health effects. This study was aimed to determine the size-resolved deposition fraction (DF) of sooty wood smoke particles in the lungs of healthy subjects. The type of wood smoke investigated is typical for household air pollution from solid fuels, which is among the largest environmental health problems
High achievement in school has been associated with increased risk of eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), but causality of these relationships is unclear. We sought to examine the association between school achievement and AN or BN in a national cohort and to determine the possible contribution of familial confounding using a co-relative design.
Heterogeneity in patient populations is an important issue in health economic evaluations, as the cost-effectiveness of an intervention can vary between patient subgroups, and an intervention which is not cost-effective in the overall population may be cost-effective in particular subgroups. Identifying such subgroups is of interest in the allocation of healthcare resources. Our aim was to develop
Organizations need to make sure that their level of safety is acceptable. Therefore it is important to know which factors contribute to the level of safety and how to monitor and improve these factors. One method used today to evaluate the level of safety in organizations is safety culture measurements. In different contexts, different models of safety culture are used. Safety culture is often con
During the last years a couple of emergencies have affected the Swedish municipality Ljungby and its inhabitants and forced the municipality to initiate emergency responses. Some examples are a flooding that happened during the summer of 2004, the storm Gudrun that occurred in January 2005 and the storm Per that occurred in January 2007. These emergencies, as well as other incidents, are situation
Popular Abstract in Swedish I avhandlingen redovisas undersökningar av näringsdynamiken hos fem olika lövträdsarter (ask, björk, bok, ek och lind) vilka jämförs med gran, som är ett mycket undersökt trädslag ur närings-synvinkel. Målsättningen med studierna var att klargöra de olika trädslagens näringstillstånd under likartade förhållanden, deras inverkan på och samspel med marken, samt deras näriThis thesis considers several important aspects of nutrient dynamics and allocation in adult stands of Swedish forest tree species (Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata Mill., Fraxinus excelsior L., Betula pendula Roth., Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst) planted on the same soils. Differences between species in macro- (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S), and micro- (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) nutrient levels in
Society has a responsibility to aid its citizens in case of emergency. This calls for planning and preparations. However, societal emergency response activities are not always fully effective. This might be due to suboptimal emergency planning and preparations, with some planned response actions not working as intended. For example, it is possible that some actions show to be ‘over-planned’ with t
Society protects its citizens against crises and emergencies. Emergency management, and particularly preparedness for emergency response, can be strengthened through the use of scenario-based exercises. Since such exercises are expensive, it is of common interest to make efficient use of their results. One way to enhance existing methods for scenario-based exercise is to improve their learning eff
