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BACKGROUND: Obesity rates have nearly tripled in the past 50 years, and by 2030 more than 1 billion individuals worldwide are projected to be obese. This creates a significant economic strain due to the associated non-communicable diseases. The root cause is an energy expenditure imbalance, owing to an interplay of lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors. Obesity has a polygenic genetic arch
The c-myc proto-oncogene was analyzed in 311 cases of primary breast cancer, in 8% of which it was found to be amplified, usually at moderately increased copy number (2-5 copies). The adjacent pvt gene was co-amplified with c-myc in all tumors analyzed. C-myc amplification was significantly correlated to a high S-phase fraction and to amplification of the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene. Weak relationship
Low-density polethylene disks with smooth or course surfaces were implanted in the abdominal wall of rats, and the tissue response was evaluated after 1, 6, or 12 weeks. Cell damage was detected by two different methods. Cells with increased membrane permeability could be identified using fluorescence microscopy by injection of propidium iodide prior to the killing of the rats. Second, cell death
Background - The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between maternal placental Doppler velocimetry, levels of the maternal glucose, and clinical signs of vasculopathy in pregnancy complicated by pregestational diabetes mellitus. Methods and Results - A retrospective study of 155 pregestational diabetic women between the 22nd and 40th weeks of pregnancy, categorized in White classificati
gamma -carboxylated polypeptides were detected in the human kidney by immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody (M3B) specific for gamma -carboxyglutamyl residues. An similar to 70-kDa gamma -carboxylated protein, subsequently identified as prothrombin, was isolated from the intracellular compartment of cultured human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells by immunoaffinity chromatography on M3B-co
Because of the extreme ecological and environmental changes along an urban-rural gradient, it has been proposed that urbanised and non-urbanised populations of the same species may be distinctly isolated. There is evidence that urban populations have become significantly different from the original forest populations in several aspects. However, little is known about the extent to which urban and
The Icelandic highlands are one of the few places left in Europe where tourists can experience pristine wilderness. During the past decades the highlands have, however, witnessed a rapid expansion in natural resource exploitation. This study attempts to evaluate the pristine condition of Icelandic wilderness by testing different methods of identifying and analysing wilderness with respect to natur
Contingent self-esteem, where one’s self-value is staked on success and competence, is a particularly vulnerable disposition with impact on well-being. This study compared physiological and behavioral reactivity between individuals self-rated as high and low in competence based self-esteem (N = 61), in a performance situation. To assess reactivity we used a traditional overt measure of blood press
We show that a maximum-weight triangle in an undirected graph with n vertices and real weights assigned to vertices can be found in time O(n(omega) + n(2+o(1))), where omega is the exponent of the fastest matrix multiplication algorithm. By the currently best bound on omega, the running time of our algorithm is O(n(2.376)). Our algorithm substantially improves the previous time-bounds for this pro
Background: Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a post-transcriptional RNA surveillance process that facilitates the recognition and destruction of mRNAs bearing premature terminations codons (PTCs). Such PTC-containing (PTC+) mRNAs may arise from different processes, including erroneous processing and expression of pseudogenes, but also from more regulated events such as alternative splicing co
The recent growth in research on "good governance" and the quality of government institutions has been propelled by empirical findings that show that such institutions may hold the key to understanding economic growth and social welfare in developing and transition countries. We argue, however, that a key issue has not been addressed, namely, what quality of government (QoG) actually means at the
Aim: To assess the development of preterm infants from 40 weeks gestational age to 18 months corrected age in order to identify early predictors of later development. Methods: Fifty-one infants were involved. Infant development was assessed at 40 and 44 weeks gestational age with the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale and a Self-Regulation Scale and at 3, 6, 10, 18 months corrected age
The association of Helicobacter pylori with gastroduodenal diseases is well established. The mode of transmission of the organism is still unclear, although the faecal-oral route has been proposed. H. pylori has been detected in gastric antrum, dental plaques, faeces and water. In the light of these studies we attempted to detect H. pylori in antral biopsies, dental plaques, and stool specimens of
Purpose of this paper The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for describing and analyzing misalignments in supply chain management related to changes in supply chain structures, processes, and management components. Design/methodology/approach Based on the systems approach, a single-case study including several embedded cases from the same supply chain was deployed. This was done acc
For most neurodegenerative diseases the precise duration of an individual cell's death is unknown, which is an obstacle when counteractive measures are being considered. To address this, we used the rd1 mouse model for retinal neurodegeneration, characterized by phosphodiesterase-6 (PDE6) dysfunction and photoreceptor death triggered by high cyclic guanosinemono-phosphate (cGMP) levels. Using cell
