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Nature has been recognized as a rich source of potentially useful chemicals. Throughout the years, phytochemical studies have led to the discovery of an enormous number of natural products, their chemical diversity is unique and many of them possess various biological activities. As a contribution, this thesis presents the results obtained from the phytochemical study of four Bolivian plants. Sene
While women today often face a substantial wage penalty for childbearing, we show that this was not always the case, making use of a rich material of matched employer-employee data covering the Swedish tobacco industry in 1898 in its entirety. Although working conditions were dire, and hours long, women working in the late nineteenth-century manufacturing industry faced no motherhood penalty. Comp
Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige har andelen förtidspensionärer ökat under lång tid och uppgick år 1998 till 7.6% av befolkningen i arbetsför ålder (16-64 år). Den vanligaste orsaken till att en individ förtidspensioneras är reducerad arbetsförmåga till följd av problem i rörelseorganen. Kunskaperna om förtidspensionärers livskvalitet är bristfälliga. Syftet med denna studie var att studera lThe starting-point of this thesis was the high rate of disability pensioners in Sweden and the lack of knowledge about what a disability pension entails for quality of life (QL). The aim of the study was to gain knowledge about QL among disability retirees with musculoskeletal disorders (ERPs). A questionnaire was sent in 1992 to 450 ERPs in Kristianstad Municipality, Sweden, granted their disabil
Popular Abstract in Swedish Graviditetsdiabetes (GDM) definieras som nedsatt glukostolerans av varierande svårighets¬grad som upptäcks under graviditet och som oftast försvinner efter förlossning. GDM innebär ökad risk för såväl moder som barn. Kvinnor med GDM föder ofta stora barn och har ökad risk för komplikationer i samband med förlossningen. GDM-prevalensen varierar avsevärt mellan olika popuGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a heterogeneous disorder that is defined as carbohydrate intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Impaired beta-cell function and insulin resistance are the hallmarks of GDM. The overall aim of this thesis was to study the genetic and immunological risk factors that increase susceptibility to GDM. First, we investigated whether autoimmuni
For decades, accessibility to the physical housing environment for people with functional limitations has been of interest politically, professionally and for the users Guidelines and norms on accessible housing design have gradually been developed, however the built environment shows serious deficits when it comes to accessibility This study addresses development of a content valid cross Nordic v
This study examines the relationship between global news narratives and market volatility, focusing on the VIX index as a measure of investor sentiment. By analyzing financial news headlines from 2023, the research investigates whether keyword frequencies related to terms like conflict, recession, and bullish can predict changes in VIX. The study employs multiple regression, time series analysis,
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den arbetsrehabilitering som traditionellt erbjuds personer med psykisk funktionsnedsättning kan beskrivas som en trappa där varje steg består av olika åtgärder för att öka personernas arbetsförmåga. Målet är att personerna successivt skall bli friskare, öka sin funktionsnivå och utveckla fler färdigheter innan de kan ta steget ut till ett konkurrensutsatt arbete. För pIn the light of the limited research on the subject of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) in a Swedish context, this thesis has contributed with knowledge of the effectiveness and experiences of IPS among persons with severe mental illness (SMI) living in Sweden. The thesis has also provided information about the work motivation among those persons with SMI who seek vocational support by IPS.
I syfte att undvika oönskade gränsöverskridande förflyttningar av vinstmedel genom koncerninterna transaktioner av varor, tjänster m.m. inom en multinationell koncern, ska sådana transaktioner prissättas på ett marknadsmässigt sätt. Med andra ord ska transaktionerna vara förenliga med regler om den s.k. armlängdsprincipen, som är en internationellt etablerad princip inom internprissättningens områTo avoid unwanted cross-border profit relocations within a multinational group through intra-group transactions of goods, services etc., such transactions shall be priced in a market-based manner. In other words, the transactions shall be compatible with taxation rules about the so-called arm’s length principle, an internationally recognized principle within the field of transfer pricing. To deter
In the light of (super) wicked problems, as climate change is, a deep transformation of energy and transport systems is needed. Among other technological innovations, liquid biofuels were adopted also in Romania as an innovation that could contribute to the transition towards a more sustainable transport. However, the biofuels sector is not well-developed in Romania, in spite of considerable poten
Globally, coral reefs are threatened by ocean warming and acidification. The degree to which acidification will impact reefs is dependent on the local hydrodynamics, benthic community composition, and biogeochemical processes, all of which vary on different temporal and spatial scales. Characterizing the natural spatiotemporal variability of sea- water carbonate chemistry across different reefs is
In this study, we assess the impact of an image restoration pipeline, designed for digital mammography, on the detectability of microcalcifications of different sizes across varied radiation exposures. The restoration pipeline first removes the noise of the image considering a Poisson-Gaussian noise model that incorporates quantum and electronic noise. Then, it appropriately merges the noisy and d
ObjectivesThe objective was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model for predicting acute coronary occlusion myocardial infarction (OMI) in patients with chest pain at the emergency department (ED), using information that is widely available early in the ED assessment.MethodsIn a cohort of 24,511 consecutive adult ED patients with chest pain from 5 Swedish hospitals, OMI cases were identif
Background: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of lymph nodes is a widely used method for evaluating lymphadenopathy. FNAB offers general advantages of rapid turnaround time, low cost and minimal morbidity, and more specific advantages in various clinical situations, such as deeply located lymph nodes or patients with significant comorbidities. The FNAB sample can be utilized for a wide range of
As debates about migration increase across Europe, the questions of integration and belonging increase in urgency. This chapter explores the evolving integration landscape in Sweden through the experiences of immigrant youth. It traces the shift from a humanitarian, universalist welfare model to a conditional system where inclusion depends on cultural conformity, economic productivity and individuAs debates about migration increase across Europe, the questions of integration and belonging increase in urgency. This chapter explores the evolving integration landscape in Sweden through the experiences of immigrant youth. It traces the shift from a humanitarian, universalist welfare model to a conditional system where inclusion depends on cultural conformity, economic productivity and individu
Background: Women who have undergone cervical conization may still experience subsequent pregnancies and delivery. However, it remains unknown whether pregnancy, associated with immune tolerance, might increase the risk of subsequent cervical lesions. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by utilizing the nationwide Swedish registers. Methods: A total of 60,895 women diagnosed with cervica
The Swedish music and arts school (SAMS) has been described as “a foundation for Swedish culture, where children and youth are given opportunities to express themselves through dance, fine art, drama, music or other art forms” (Öhrman & Holmdahl, 2022, s. 103). Current debates have questioned SAMS capacity to meet contemporary needs, revolving around themes such as broadening of target groups,
How blood parasite infections influence the migration of hosts remains a lively debated issue as past studies found negative, positive, or no response to infections. This particularly applies to small birds, for which monitoring of detailed migration behavior over a whole annual cycle has been technically unachievable so far. Here, we investigate how bird migration is influenced by parasite infect
For most applications trying to interpret the real world uncertainties will be an important factor to consider, which is also true for Life-Cycle Assessment used for estimating total environmental impact during the life-cycle of products, services, buildings, structures, roads etc. The construction and usage of infrastructure are major causes of emissions and energy use, thus making it even more i
Background: Breast cancer (BC) and related treatment are associated with the risk of developing a wide range of persistent disabling impairments. Despite extensive research in the field and an enhanced focus on BC rehabilitation, up to 34-43% of these patients are at risk of developing chronic distress. In addition, it is known that these patients repeatedly report unmet needs, which are strongly
