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This thesis describes two different measurement methods applied to ultrasound. The first method, Ultrasound doppler vector tomography, uses ultrasound to measure blood flow and the second method, Light diffraction tomography, measures the pressure field in an ultrasound beam with laser light. Both methods depend on tomography algorithms for reconstruction of the measured region. A prime motive fo
Popular Abstract in Swedish Affärsklimatet för dagens energimarknad har varit händelserik de senaste två decennierna med introduktaion av den avreglerade elmarknaden och den ökade vikten av miljöfrågor vid design och inköp av energirelaterade anläggningar. Detta har bidragit med krav om nya analyskriterier, vilka inte bara påverkar den tekniska utformningen av komponenter och system, utan även tilThe business climate of the energy market has been eventful over the last two decades, particularly with the introduction of the deregulated electricity market and promotion of environmental issues. This has subsequently lead to new analysis criteria, influencing both technology requirements and production costs. To be able to manage all the questions that have arisen from this the knowledge of th
This chapter provides a synthesis of three earlier published studies (Garmy et al. 2012a; Garmy et al. 2012b; Garmy et al. 2013) (survey I) as well as previously unpublished results from a survey conducted in 2013 among students aged 16 (survey II). Objective: The aim was to investigate the effects of sleep, television use and texting and computer habits on overweight, enjoyment of school and fee
Innovation issues are increasingly highlighted in public policy, including competition policy. Not only is innovation a major factor behind economic growth in society, it is also increasingly shaping market conditions and affecting market participants’ behaviour. It therefore in various ways influences the legal analysis of markets and market practices. This dissertation examines the legal standa
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) is part of a healthy lifestyle and prevents many chronic health problems, in addition to promoting mental health. PA performed outdoors has been found particularly good for promoting one's well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which outdoor recreational PA was carried out during 1 year, and the factors influencing such activities from
Popular Abstract in English The aim of this thesis is to investigate the evolution of new technology-based firms (NTBFs) based on solid empirical material for the Swedish economy. The focus on this thesis is exploring the role of acquisition by incumbent firms in the evolution of NTBFs. The findings of this thesis show that selection is a core feature in the evolution of NTBFs. NTBFs experience a The aim of this thesis is to explore the evolution of new technology-based firms (NTBFs) based on solid empirical material for the Swedish economy. NTBFs are argued to be one important type of entrepreneurial firms that contribute to technology change, knowledge spillovers, and economic growth. However, our knowledge concerning how NTBFs exert their technological and economic influences is far fro
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Corticosteroids alone or in conjunction with azathioprine (AZA) is the standard treatment in autoimmune hepatitis (AiH). Individual variations in thiopurine (TP) metabolism may affect both drug efficacy and toxicity. Our aim was to investigate the utility of thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) as well as thioguanine nucleotide (TGN) and methylthioinosine monophosphate (meTIM
BACKGROUND: Patients with elevated intracranial pressure risk compromising their cerebral blood flow, resulting in ischemia. Lowering of the raised intracranial pressure, is therefore, mandatory. Reduction of the cerebral blood volume (CBV) might be target. In finding ways to do so, one has to be able to measure CBV. Measurement of CBV is, however, difficult. Radio(99mTc-)labeled erythrocytes (99m
"I believe that all people need to move about. Actually, some have difficulties in doing so. They stay in their home neighbourhoods, where they’ve grown up and feel safe. I can understand that, but my wife and I, we didn’t want that. We are more open to new ideas".This anthology is about seniors on the move. In seven chapters, Nordic researchers from various disciplines, by means of ethnographic m
Popular Abstract in Swedish För att celler ska kunna växa och dela sig behöver de många olika ämnen, till exempel vitaminer, mineraler och polyaminer. Polyaminer finns i alla celler och de krävs för att cellerna ska kunna dela eller specialisera sig. Cellerna kan både själva tillverka polyaminer och ta upp dem från omgivningen. I mänskliga celler finns framför allt de tre polyaminerna putrescin, sOur research group has previously shown that treatment with the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors a-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) or amidinoindan-1-one 2´-amidinohydrazone (CGP 48664) inhibited S phase progression before any other cell cycle phase was affected. This study was undertaken to further investigate the role of polyamines in the regulation of S phase progression and DNA synthesis. I hav
Popular Abstract in Swedish Excess och aktionskonst En semiotisk analys av Hermann Nitschs Das 6-Tage-Spiel Med betoning på första dagens Mittagsfinale Excess and Action Art, A Semiotic Analyze of Hermann Nitschs Das 6-Tage-Spiel, With emphasize on Mittagsfinale the first day I avhandlingen behandlas den österrikiske konstnären Hermann Nitschs Das 6-Tage-Spiel (1998). Syfte att undersöka om och påThe subject for this dissertation is the Austrian artist Hermann Nitsch’s Das 6-Tage-Spiel (1998). The purpose is to examine in what way Das 6-Tage-Spiel, as part of the orgien mysterien theater (hereafter o. m. theater), is an adequate means to realize Nitsch’s intention (as he has described them outside of the work in writings and interviews). Das 6-Tage-Spiel is an example of a category of scen
The study is part of a series of investigations performed with the ultimate goal of obtaining an objective evaluation of the ethical aspects and the narcotic efficiency of CO2 inhalation used as pre-slaughter anaesthesia for swine. Six Yorkshire swine were exposed twice to 80% CO2 for I min during simultaneous recording of the EEGs from the frontal neocortex, the dorsal hippocampus, and the amygda
Background. Anaemia in haemodialysis patients can be effectively treated with erythropoietin. We investigated whether subcutaneous (SC) epoetin β administered once weekly was as effective as the same weekly dosage given in two to three divided doses. Methods. One hundred and fifty-eight patients (delivered Kt/V >1.0, where K=dialyser-renal urea clearance, t=dialysis time and V=filtration volume, o
Glutathione (GSH) reduction of the anticancer-active platinum(IV) compounds trans-[PtCl4(NH3)(thiazole)] (1), trans-[PtCl4(cha)(NH3)] (2), cis-[PtCl4(cha)(NH3)] (3) (cha=cyclohexylamine), and cis-[PtCl4(NH3)2] (4) has been investigated at 25 °C in a 1.0 M aqueous medium at pH 2.0–5.0 (1) and 4.5–6.8 (2–4) using stopped-flow spectrophotometry. The redox reactions follow the second-order rate law d[
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative joint disorder, and the prevalence increases with age. In Sweden, about one in 4 people over the age of 45 years has OA in at least one joint. As the population ages and the prevalence of obesity increases, OA is expected to increase even more. The knee joint is one of the most commonly affected joints. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the most com
This thesis covers issues related to financing in mergers and acquisitions. It studies the relationship between firms’ financing conditions and firms’ decisions to either buy or sell assets.The first paper, Cross-border mergers and acquisitions with financially constrained owners, studies the effects of costly external financing in international asset sales. We propose a cross-border merger model This thesis covers issues related to financing in mergers and acquisitions. It studies the relationship between firms’ financing conditions and firms’ decisions to either buy or sell assets.The first paper, "Cross-border mergers and acquisitions with financially constrained owners", studies the effects of costly external financing in international asset sales. We propose a cross-border merger mode
Self-control can be explained as the power to resist what is usually hard to resist, which is essentially what individuals do when they deny themselves to satisfy impulses. This ability is suggested to be a necessity for more cognitively advanced behaviours in animals. A recent study compared 36 species across several taxa in their ability to elicit self-control and found that primates performed b
Cities have a crucial importance from the sustainability point of view. More than 50% of the global population lives in cities, therefore urban dwellers’ environmental knowledge can be of critical importance. Many argue that an important part of environmental knowledge is acquired outside of a formal school setting, therefore in this thesis I explore learning processes connected to community garde
