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Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction might be an important component of many neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we investigated its role in dementia using large clinical cohorts. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma albumin ratio (Qalb), an indicator of BBB (and blood-CSF barrier) permeability, was measured in a total of 1015 individuals. The ratio was increased in patients with Alzheime

Background: Despite the theoretical links between eating disorders and perfectionism, the definition of perfectionism in practice is complicated. The present study explored descriptions and experiences of perfectionism described by a transdiagnostic sample of patients. Methods: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 15 patients. The interviews were analyzed by Thematic Analysis

Objectives: Occupational exposure to diesel exhaust is common due the widespread use of dieselpowered combustion engines. Diesel exhaust is chemically complex and consists of thousands of compounds present as gases and particulate matter. Both nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and elemental carbon(EC) have been used as markers for diesel exhaust exposure. Currently EC is regarded as the best surrogate of die

In this paper, we investigate the effects of offshoring on workers' job security using matched employer-employee data from Sweden. For our observed period (1997-2011), while the share of firms engaged in offshoring fell during the period from around 25% to 22%, offshoring per worker within offshoring firms almost doubled. We make use of this variation to contribute to the literature on several fro

The concept of acoustic comfort is hardly defined and used to refer to conditions of low noise levels or annoyance based on standardized descriptors. Airborne and impact sound measurements are used to rate acoustic comfort in dwellings, but they often do not express human perception of noise or comfort. If the descriptors are statistically associated with self-reported responses, they can be used

There is an urgent need for society to find more effective ways to reduce the impact of disastrous events. One way is to proactively increase actors’ response capability. Capability assessments play an essential role in these disaster risk management efforts. Currently, capability is assessed using indicator and index methods that focus on available resources. Such methods may not provide the best

The Swedish crime genre is experiencing an intense period of change at the moment. Crime writers appear to be at the forefront when it comes to the issue of how to reach international audiences, how to promote books and author’s brands through events, and how to create a successful life as a writer. The working conditions, as well as the content of what is sold and marketed to the readers have gon

The fact that deep learning based algorithms used for digital pathology tend to overfit to the site of the training data is well-known. Since an algorithm that does not generalize is not very useful, we have in this work studied how different data augmentation techniques can reduce this problem but also how data from different sites can be normalized to each other. For both of these approaches we

One way of valorizing the lignin waste stream from the pulp and paper industries is depolymerizing it into low-molecular-mass compounds (LMMC). However, a common problem in the depolymerization of Kraft lignin is the low yields of small aromatic molecules obtained. In the present work, the combination of the repeated depolymerization of lignin and the separation of LMMC from depolymerized lignin t

A reduced version of the complex aqueous phase mechanism CAPRAM3.0i (C3.0RED) was used in the regional chemistry transport model COSMO–MUSCAT in a 2-D application. Besides sulfate and nitrate production, the mechanism treats a complex HOx-chemistry, transition metal ion chemistry and organic species up to C4. The effects of the cloud chemistry on the chemical composition of air and particles were

Respiratory disorders are common among people with intellectual disabilities (ID). However, few studies have investigated these disorders among older people with ID. We identified 7936 people, aged 55+ years, with ID and a reference cohort from the general population. Data on diagnoses of chronic respiratory disorders, with a focus on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), were c

Popular Abstract in Swedish Genetisk påverkan i ledgångsreumatism Ett väl fungerande immunsystem är en förutsättning för kroppens kamp mot diverse sjukdomar orsakade av t ex virus och bakterier. En grundläggande egenskap hos immunsystemet är dess förmåga att skilja på vad som är kroppens egna celler och molekyler och vad som är främmande. Ibland fungerar inte denna diskriminering som den ska och In this thesis the role of major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) class II molecules in development of autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), was studied. By combining an experimental model for RA, collagen type II induced arthritis (CIA), with molecular biology methods the importance of polymorphism in Mhc class II genes for disease development was investigated. The Mhc region con

Background Many microbial eukaryotes have evolved anaerobic alternatives to mitochondria known as mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs). Yet, only a few of these have been experimentally investigated. Here we report an RNA-seq-based reconstruction of the MRO proteome of Pygsuia biforma, an anaerobic representative of an unexplored deep-branching eukaryotic lineage. Results Pygsuia's MRO has a co

Background: Dietary advice remains the cornerstone of prevention and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, understanding the efficacy of dietary interventions is confounded by the challenges inherent in assessing free living diet. Here we profiled dietary metabolites to investigate glycaemic deterioration and cardiometabolic risk in people at risk of or living with T2D. Methods: We analyse

This thesis is a collection of three empirical papers that tests hypotheses within the context of two related and intersecting theoretical frameworks: rational expectations and efficient markets. The aim is to empirically explore to what extent households form their inflation expectations in a rational manner, and to explain why households’ perceptions may deviate from the measured official rate.

Protein-based drugs often require targeted drug delivery for optimal therapy. A successful strategy to increase the circulation time of the protein in the blood is to link the therapeutic protein with an albumin-binding domain. In this work, we characterized such a proteinbased drug, GA-Z. Using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled with multi-angle light scattering (AF4-MALS) we inve

Studies increasingly suggest that personal predispositions affect political attitudes, including those towards the European Union (EU). Yet little is known about the extent to which personality effects on EU support generalize across European countries or attitude domains. We use original survey data from five EU member states (Denmark, Germany, Poland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) to investiga

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used in order to investigate the relationships between structure, dynamics and calcium binding in the intracellular regulatory protein, calmodulin. Calmodulin consists of two similar domains, each binding two calcium ions with positive cooperativity. The studies described in this thesis focus on the isolated C-terminal domain, TR2C, and two mutants