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Popular Abstract in Swedish Prostatacancer drabbar män över hela världen; i Sverige får ungefär 10 000 personer diagnosen varje år. För den enskilda individen kan följderna innebära fysiskt och psykiskt lidande, men även samhället belastas med höga vårdkostnader. För att undvika onödigt lidande, men också minska kostnaderna är det nödvändigt att ta fram nya läkemedel och metoder för att i god tid The aims of this thesis were to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) with prostate cancer prognostic and diagnostic potential, to discover miRNAs with therapeutic capacity against prostate cancer, and to investigate if prostate specific antigen (PSA) is miRNA regulated. Prostate cancer is a globally spread disease with low mortality, but some patients develop an aggressive lethal form of prostate cancer w

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste maligna sjukdomen hos kvinnor i världen. Årligen insjuknar mer än 7300 kvinnor i Sverige, vilket innebär nästan 30 % av all kvinnlig cancer. Mer än 80 000 kvinnor i Sverige är friska efter att ha blivit behandlade för bröstcancer, och cirka 3000 kvinnor lever med återfall av sjukdomen. Prognosen har förbättrats de senaste decennierna, delviRadiotherapy (RT) after mastectomy has been part of the treatment for early breast cancer since the 1940s. The treatment reduces the risk of loco-regional recurrences, but implies risk of late side effects that can begin decades after RT. Aims of the thesis were: - To analyse the long term effects of postmastectomy radiotherapy and systemic treatment for 1100 stage II breast cancer patients in t

In this review, I will present an overview of the development of the field of scatter hoarding studies. Scatter hoarding is a conspicuous behaviour and it has been observed by humans for a long time. Apart from an exceptional experimental study already published in 1720, it started with observational field studies of scatter hoarding birds in the 1940s. Driven by a general interest in birds, sever

Objective To investigate whether the risk allele for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 4 (STAT4) gene, defined by the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10181656(G), is associated with vascular events and/or presence of prothrombotic anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) in patients with SLE. Methods Two independent groups of unrelat

The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess nutrient flows and balances at land management systems and cropping seasons levels, and (2) to determine rate of nutrient depletion. The study was conducted in dry lands of Northern Kordofan, Sudan, at El Demokeya Forest Reserve (lat.13° 16′ ′′ ′N; long. 30° 29′ ′′ ′E, and alt. 560 m), over three cropping seasons (2002, 2003 and 2004). Flows and

We investigate a new method to place patients into risk groups in censored survival data. Properties such as median survival time, and end survival rate, are implicitly improved by optimizing the area under the survival curve. Artificial neural networks (ANN) are trained to either maximize or minimize this area using a genetic algorithm, and combined into an ensemble to predict one of low, interme

N-15 labeled ammonium, glycine or glutamic acid was injected into subarctic heath soil in situ, with the purpose of investigating how the nitrogen added in these pulses was subsequently utilized and cycled in the ecosystem. We analyzed the acquisition of N-15 label in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants and in soil microorganisms, in order to reveal probable differences in acquisition patterns

In dim light, scarcity of photons typically leads to poor vision. Nonetheless, many animals show visually guided behavior with dim environments. We investigated the signaling properties of photoreceptors of the dark active cockroach (Periplaneta americana) using intracellular and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings to determine whether they show selective functional adaptations to dark. Expectedly,

To fully exploit the ultimate source properties of the next-generation light sources, such as free-electron lasers (FELs) and diffraction-limited storage rings (DLSRs), the quality requirements for gratings and reflective synchrotron optics, especially mirrors, have significantly increased. These coherence-preserving optical components for high-brightness sources will feature nanoscopic shape accu

The morphogenesis of organs necessarily involves mechanical interactions and changes in mechanical properties of a tissue. A long standing question is how such changes are directed on a cellular scale while being coordinated at a tissular scale. Growing evidence suggests that mechanical cues are participating in the control of growth and morphogenesis during development. We introduce a mechanical

The understanding of how fibre-rich meals regulate molecular events at a gene level is limited. This pilot study aimed to investigate changes in gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy subjects after consumption of an oat bran-rich meal. Fifteen subjects (8 men and 7 women, aged 20-28 years) ingested meals with oat bran or a control meal after an overnight fast.

Many moth pheromones are composed of mixtures of acetates of long-chain (≥10 carbon) fatty alcohols. Moth pheromone precursors such as fatty acids and fatty alcohols can be produced in yeast by the heterologous expression of genes involved in insect pheromone production. Acetyltransferases that subsequently catalyze the formation of acetates by transfer of the acetate unit from acetyl-CoA to a fat

Purpose: To investigate factors associated with bilateral glaucoma blindness, particularly factors available at the time of diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG) followed at the Department of Ophthalmology or Low Vision Center of Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, who died between January 2

Despite growing interest in animal social networks, surprisingly little is known about whether individuals are consistent in their social network characteristics. Networks are rarely repeatedly sampled; yet an assumption of individual consistency in social behaviour is often made when drawing conclusions about the consequences of social processes and structure. A characterization of such social ph

The standard setup for single-file diffusion is diffusing particles in one dimension which cannot overtake each other, where the dynamics of a tracer (tagged) particle is of main interest. In this article, we generalize this system and investigate first-passage properties of a tracer particle when flanked by identical crowder particles which may, besides diffuse, unbind (rebind) from (to) the one-

The behavior of a sterically crowded neutral pincer {2,6-bis[(di-t-butylphosphino)methyll-phenyl}palladium (PCPPd) halides, PCPPdX (X = Cl, Br or I), as XB acceptors with strong halogen bond (XB) donors, iodine (I(2)), 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (F4DIBz), and 1,4-dliodooctafluorobutane (F8DIBu) were studied in the solid state. The co-crystallization experiments afforded high-quality single cryst

Isolated islands and their often unique biota continue to play key roles for understanding the importance of drift, genetic variation, and adaptation in the process of population differentiation and speciation. One island system that has inspired and intrigued evolutionary biologists is the blue tit complex (Cyanistes spp.) in Europe and Africa, in particular the complex evolutionary history of th

The aim of this study is to evaluate the diurnal variation of the variability and irregularity of the heart rate (HR) in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF), with and without rate-control drugs. Thirty-eight patients with permanent AF were part of an investigator-blind cross-over study, comparing diltiazem, verapamil, metoprolol, and carvedilol. We analyzed five Holter recordings per