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In this paper, we consider a wireless communication system where a large intelligent surface (LIS) is deployed comprising a number of small and distributed LIS-Units. Each LIS-Unit has a separate signal process unit (SPU) and is connected to a central process unit (CPU) that coordinates the behaviors of all the LIS-Units. With such a LIS system, we consider the user assignments both for sum-rate a
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with a disposable ionic liquid (IL) coating was developed for headspace extraction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in paints. The SPME fiber was coated with IL prior to every extraction, then the analytes were extracted and desorbed on the injection port of gas chromatography, and finally the IL coating on the fiber was washed out with solve
Popular Abstract in Swedish Polycykliska aromatiska kolväten (PAH) är en grupp organiska ämnen som kan vara giftiga men även starkt cancerframkallande. De bildas vid förbränning av organiskt material vid låg syretillförsel och återfinns i olika produkter som tjära och fossila bränslen. De källor som tillför störst mängd till miljön idag är bostadsuppvärmning med ved, kol och olja (i Sverige ca 2/3Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of organic pollutants of great environmental concern, due to their toxicity, carcinogenicity and long persistence in the environment. To determine the potential risk associated with PAHs released from contaminated soil or waste materials, knowledge is required on the leachable concentrations of PAHs and the amounts available for release. The obj
In our clinical research, we have drawn the conclusion that meaningful long-term (> 6 months) pain relieving effects can be seen in a proportion of patients suffering from nociceptive pain. What are the mechanisms behind this? From the existing experimental data, some important conclusions can be drawn: A significant proportion of the animal research only represents short-term hypoalgesia probably
The natural moisturizing factor (NMF) is a group of hygroscopic molecules that is naturally present in skin and protects from severe drying. Glycerol and urea are two examples of NMF components that are also used in skin care applications. In the present study, we investigate the influence of glycerol and urea on the permeability of a model drug (metronidazole, Mz) across excised pig skin membrane
Species with a large adult-offspring size ratio and a preferred predator-prey mass ratio undergo ontogenetic trophic niche shift(s) throughout life. Trophic interactions between such species vary throughout life, resulting in different species-level interaction motifs depending on the maximum adult sizes and population size distributions. We explore the assembly and potential for coexistence of sm
In this analysis of the retold experiences of 27 survivors of the war in northwestern Bosnia, the aim is to describe the informants’ portrayal of “victimhood”, “forgiveness” and “reconciliation” as a social phenomenon as well as analyzing the discursive patterns that contribute to constructing the category “victim” and “perpetrator”. When, after the war, different categories claim a “victim” statu
The fact that Sweden has been spared from war on its soil for almost 200 years, has not stopped Swedish citizens from participating in conflicts worldwide during this period. This has been described, especially from the soldiers perspective. The contribution of Swedish physicians has not been written about to the same extent. When Mussolini's Italy in October 1935 invaded the poor and underdevelop
Popular Abstract in Swedish Föreställ dig ett stort rum med bara en liten fyrkantig, ungefär tio centimeter stor, öppning på en av väggarna. Rummet har fem meter långa väggar och är flera meter högt. Golv, tak och alla andra väggar är helt utan öppningar och är inte genomskinliga. Man misstänker att temperaturen varierar mycket så att det kan vara varmt i en del av rummet och kallt i en annan. DärLight detection and ranging (lidar), a method for nonintrusive, single-ended, and range resolved measurements, has been developed and applied for combustion related diagnostics. Employing picosecond laser pulse durations and detectors providing temporal resolution on the order of picoseconds, lidar has been applied successfully for both quantitative temperature- and species concentration measureme
Popular Abstract in Swedish Artros i knäleden är en av de tio vanligaste orsakerna till smärta och funktionshinder hos vuxna. Ett av problemen med artros är att det är svårt att diagnosticera vid ett tidigt stadium. Det kan synas som förändringar på röntgen, men ofta inte förrän flera år efter att det utvecklats. Mina studier visar att det finns ett samband mellan muskelfunktion i benen och riskenThe overall purpose of this thesis was to explore the impact of exercise and functional performance on development and treatment of knee osteoarthritis in the middle aged. In this thesis, I have studied a population based cohort of middle-aged subjects (35-54 years, 42 % women) with chronic knee pain at baseline, to evaluate the longitudinal effect of muscle weakness on knee osteoarthritis develo
We have investigated the poorly-understood origin of nitrogen in the early Galaxy by determining N abundances from the NH band at 336 nm in 35 extremely metal-poor halo giants, with carbon and oxygen abundances from Cayrel et al. (2004, A&A, 416, 1117), using high-quality ESO VLT/UVES spectra (30 of our 35 stars are in the range -4.1 <[Fe/H] < -2.7 and 22 stars have [Fe/H] < -3.0). N abundance
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations contain considerable information with regard to the motions and fluctuations of a protein, the magnitude of which can be used to estimate conformational entropy. Here we survey conformational entropy across protein fold space using the Dynameomics database, which represents the largest existing data set of protein MD simulations for representatives of essentiall
In addition to various switch and track materials, Vossloh Nordic Switch Systems AB have a wayside lubrication device, Clicomatic© in their product range. Clicomatic© is a lubricator intended for fixed installation to mainly lubricate the railway track at exposed sections. Its purpose is to apply grease in the active interface between the vehicle and the track. Clicomatic© was developed decades ag
Det nyligen antagna direktivet om tillräckliga minimilöner i Europeiska unionen har resulterat i en oro på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. Med tanke på motståndet är det aktuellt att undersöka vilken påverkan direktivet kommer att ha på den svenska lönebildningsmodellen och om det stämmer att kollektivavtalssystemet riskerar att urholkas. Fokus ligger på om direktivet kommer att påverka arbetsmarknadThe recently adopted directive on adequate minimum wages in the European Union has raised voices of concern on the Swedish labour market. With the resistance in mind it is relevant to explore what impact the minimum wage directive will have on the Swedish model of formation of wages and if the model really is at risk of being undermined. The focus of the essay is set to investigate what impact the
Hållbar utveckling är ett mål för samtliga branscher men även för landet och världen. Byggnationen av infrastruktur och bostäder står i dagsläget för omkring 40% av Sveriges totala utsläpp av växthusgaser, vilket innebär att stora förändringar krävs för att nå de uppsatta klimatmålen till år 2045, alltså att Sverige inte skall ha några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser. Asfalt består till majoriteten Sustainable development is an important goal for industries, both nationally and globally. The construction of infrastructure and housing currently accounts for about 40% of Sweden's total greenhouse gas emissions, which means that major changes are required to achieve the set climate goals by 2045, i.e., that Sweden will have no net greenhouse gas emissions. Asphalt consists for the most part
Rätten att söka och åtnjuta asyl har fastställts genom FN:s allmänna förklaring om de mänskliga rättigheterna. Bedömningen av vem som anses vara flykting ska utföras i enlighet med kriterier och normer som återfinns inom internationell såväl som regional och nationell lagstiftning. I asylmål är det inte ovanligt med svårigheter att hitta bevis som styrker den sökandes utsaga. Istället läggs stor vThe right to seek refuge has been established by the the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The rules and criteria which regulates the assessment of refugee claims can be found on an international, regional and national level. Lack of evidence is not an uncommon problem in refugee cases. Instead, credibility assessments becomes crucial. Well-functioning methods and criteria needs to be applied
Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur ideella verksamheter och kommunala myndigheter arbetar med digital utanförskap bland sina klienter, vilka faktorerna för digital utanförskap kan vara samt hur den digitala utvecklingen ser ut. Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Totalt intervjuades sex personer, tre från ideella verksamheter och tre från The aim of this study has been to examine the way non-profit organizations and municipal administrations work with digital exclusion amongst their clients, what the factors for digital exclusion can be and what the digital development looks like. The study was performed using a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews. In total six people were interviewed, three from non-profit organizat
Metoo-upproren uppmärksammade problematiken kring sexuella trakasserier på arbetsplatsen runt om i världen, vilket fick oss att fundera kring arbetsgivarens roll och ansvar i dessa situationer. För att skapa en förståelse för arbetsgivarens förebyggande ansvar, vilka typer av handlingar arbetsgivaren ska förebygga samt vilka åtgärder som kan krävas från arbetsgivaren har vi analyserat lagar, praxiThe Metoo-movement highlighted the problems around sexual harassment in the workplace all around the world, which got us thinking about the employers roll and obligations in these situations. To get a wider understanding about the employers’ obligations to prevent sexual harassment, what type of actions the employer should prevent and what kind of measures that should be taken we had to analyze th
