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Hydrodynamic interactions in systems composed of self-propelled particles, such as swimming microorganisms and passive tracers, have a significant impact on the tracer dynamics compared to the equivalent "dry" sample. However, such interactions are often difficult to take into account in simulations due to their computational cost. Here, we perform a systematic investigation of swimmer-tracer inte
In this essay, I discuss two major theoretical discourses of modernity, namely, of classical modernity and postmodernity. Moreover, I aim at a proposition of a possible historical relation between those two discourses of crucial importance to modernity’s intellectual history. This historical connection is founded on what I call the principle of insufficient reason. The principle of insufficient
The energy extraction efficiency is a figure of merit for a free-electron laser (FEL). It can be enhanced by the technique of undulator tapering, which enables the sustained growth of radiation power beyond the initial saturation point. In the development of a single-pass x-ray FEL, it is important to exploit the full potential of this technique and optimize the taper profile aw(z). Our approach t
This paper addresses the problem of reproducing the effect of different visibility conditions on people’s walking speed when using evacuation models. In particular, different strategies regarding the use of default settings and embedded data-sets are investigated. Currently, the correlation between smoke and walking speed is typically based on two different sets of experimental data produced by (1
Today, there is considerable interest in integrated forest biorefineries which, besides pulp, produce high-value-added products, such as, polymers and carbon fibres. Lignin is the major non-cellulosic constituent of wood. It is a complex, amorphous highly crosslinked polyphenolic. Lignosulphonate in spent liquor in sulphite mills has long been isolated using ultra filtration. Generally, precipitat
Popular Abstract in Swedish De semi-arida regionerna i norra Kina är drabbade av många faktorer som påverkar miljön negativt, t.ex. ökenspridning, vind erosion, överbetning, uttömmande av naturresurser. Det redan hårda trycket på ekosystemen i dessa regioner har ökat sedan Kina införde marknadsekonomi. Reformerna sedan 1978 har lett till en snabb ökning av antalet betesdjur och en expansion av jorLand degradation is commonly perceived to be severe in many parts of semi arid China. The transition towards market economy since the 1978 reforms, have set marginal dry lands under added pressure in the form of increased livestock numbers and expanding cultivation on erosive soils. To evaluate land degradation since the reforms, this study focuses on mapping and analysing the biological productio
AbstractThis thesis is devoted to calibration of mathematical chromatography models. Chromatography models include unknown parameters that must be determined before the models can be applied to optimization or scale-up of a chromatography process. The aim of the work presented in the thesis was to develop methods for determining these unknown model parameters.The fundamental approach adopted to de
The reported rate of detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA within atherosclerotic lesions by PCR varies between 0 and 100%. In this study, identical sets of coded experimental atheroma samples (n = 15) and spiked controls (n = 5) were analyzed by 16 test methods in nine centers by means of PCR. The positive controls were correctly identified to levels of 1, 0.1, and 0.01 inclusion bodies of C. pne
In vision-based feedback control systems, the time to obtain sensor information is usually non-negligible, and these systems thereby possess fundamentally different timing behavior compared to standard real-time control applications. For many image-based tracking algorithms, however, it is possible to trade-off the computational time versus the accuracy of the produced position/orientation estimat
Introduction: The proportion of elderly patients who are undernourished is high and undernutrition has serious health implications. No consensus exists regarding nutritional screening measurements suitable for elderly patients. There is a need to identify risk factors for undernutrition in elderly patients to enable prevention and treatment. Aim: To identify clinically identifiable risk factors fo
Presence–absence surveys are a commonly used method for monitoring broad-scale changes in wildlife distributions. However, the lack of power of these surveys for detecting population trends is problematic for their application in wildlife management. Options for improving power include increasing the sampling effort or arbitrarily relaxing the type I error rate. We present an alternative, whereby
The effect of event background fluctuations on charged particle jet reconstruction in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV has been measured with the ALICE experiment. The main sources of non-statistical fluctuations are characterized based purely on experimental data with an unbiased method, as well as by using single high p(t) particles and simulated jets embedded into real Pb-Pb events and
During the last decade there has been an increase in the use of horizontal organizational relationships (HORs) such as strategic alliances, shared services, and outsourcing. Studies accentuate the unstable, fragile nature of HORS and the importance of directing attention to how these arrangements are formed and how and why they change. The aim in this study is to explore control problems of HORs a
To discover whether islet sympathetic nerves are damaged during the autoimmune destruction of islet B-cells, we immunostained sections of pancreas from BioBreeder (BB) diabetic rats, using antibodies against vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), a marker of sympathetic nerve terminals. We found a marked decrease in the VMAT2-positive fiber area in the islets of BB rats that had been diabetic
