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This paper argues that expected utility theory for actions in chancy environments should be formulated in terms of centered chances. The subjective expected utility of an option A may be seen as a weighted sum of the utilities of A in different possible worlds, with weights being the credences that the agent assigns to these worlds. The utility of A in a given world is then definable as a weighted
Abstract in UndeterminedCytomegalovirus (CMV) causes severe sequelae in congenitally infected newborns and may cause life-threatening disease in immuno-deficient patients. Recent findings demonstrate the possibility to alleviate the disease by infusing intravenous immunoglobulin G (IgG) preparations, indicating that antibodies are an effective therapeutic option. Modern molecular methodologies, li
Background. Fast and accurate work-up is crucial to ensure the best possible treatment and prognosis for patients with head and neck cancer. The presence or absence of neck lymph node metastases is important for the prognosis and the choice of treatment. Clinical lymph node (N)-staging is done by palpation and diagnostic imaging of the neck. We investigated the current practice of the initial radi
In many IBA applications the main aim is to obtain quantitative figures characterizing the sample. Normally charge, i.e. number of probe particles, is used for normalization and is measured either by collecting the charge deposited in the sample or by collecting the particle in a post-sample Faraday cup or in combination. Both these techniques have drawbacks and results can be difficult to compare
This study examines reproducibility of water and ethanol drop volumes from plastic squeeze dropper bottles, examines the difference in drop volumes between commonly used liquid patch test solutions, and evaluates the volumes of water and ethanol needed to saturate Finn and IQ Chamber filter papers. 2 plastic squeeze dropper bottles recommended for use in patch testing have poor reproducibility com
Aim. This paper is a report of a study to elucidate families' lived experience of diabetes one year after a child was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Background. The incidence of type 1 diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide, with a shift towards younger age groups. This illness is treated by means of an intensive management regimen that often disrupts the child's usual activities and requires d
A search is presented for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons (electrons or muons) of opposite charge using 20.3 fb(-1) of pp collision data at root s = 8 TeV, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012. No excess over the Standard Model expectation is found. The results are interpreted under the separate assumptions (i) that the top squar
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted by vegetation play an important role for aerosol mass loadings since the oxidation products of these compounds can take part in the formation and growth of secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The concentrations and properties of BVOCs and their oxidation products in the atmosphere are poorly characterized, which leads to high uncertainties in model
Popular Abstract in Swedish Björn Breidegards avhandling handlar om det specifika ingenjörskunnandets plats i rehabiliteringsteknisk forskning, både praktiskt, metodiskt och teoretiskt. För att de berörda människorna själva skall ha en reell möjlighet att resultatstyra behövs det en lyhördhet och att man kan prova sig fram. Detta kräver i sin tur ett top-down-orienterat arbete där varje del i det Based on the results of two rehabilitation engineering design projects, this thesis aims to present and analyze: ? What is required for genuine engineering knowledge and expertise to come into its own in rehabilitation engineering when the entire effort starts and ends with the person for whom it is intended. ? How the work of an engineer not only can improve the conditions for the actual d
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations between epidemiological indices (objective) and self-perceived oral health (subjective) in adolescents at school level, and to study gender differences in epidemiological indices and in self-perceived oral health. The study comprised two sets of data from Skaraborg County, Sweden: 1. Self-reported questionnaires answered by adolescents at a
This thesis combines corpus-based, experimental and instrumental methods to investigate how professional speakers of English use prosody to signal important textual boundaries above the sentence level. In an initial study, prosodic features included in the transcriptions of the Spoken English Corpus, or readily derivable from these, are investigated. These include minor and major tone-unit length
This paper explores how the Engineering Design process might balance conflicting constraints of technical product design and the social demands of users. Building on a generic 2D map for innovation in design from the author’s previous work, a prototype 3D Diamond Model is presented to help structure conversations between Designers and Users – or indeed any other group with apparently opposing aims
Nucleic acids have many unique structural features that offer reliable means of recognizing and monitoring many compounds of medical or environmental importance. In recent years, there has been an enormous increase in the use of nucleic acids as a tool to determine the chemical compounds of environmental and clinical interest and the major research activities in these areas have been directed towa
Lagen om avveckling av fideikommiss (1963:583) syftade till att avveckla fideikommissinstitutet i svensk rätt. Fideikommissen ansågs otidsenliga och passade inte in i ett modernt samhälle. En reform infördes som avvecklade fideikommissen och återförde fideikommissegendomen till vanliga regler om arv. Fideikommissen hade som syfte att hålla ihop egendom i en persons hand. Detta medförde att samlingThe act of liquidation of estate in tail (lagen om avveckling av fideikommiss (1963:583)) intended to end the institute of estate in tail in Swedish law. The estates in tail were considered outdated and did not belong in a modern society. The new act brought the property of the estate in tail back to the ordinary rules of heritance in Swedish law. The purposes of the estate in tail were to subsume
This essay aims to present the way in which relevant organizations in Sweden argues for who's got a responsibility towards children when they're victims of bullying in social medias. This essay does not want to examine if the way we're dealing with children who're victims of cyber bullying is effective or not, nor do I claim to put forward recommendations for a 'better way'
As endorsed by states in the 2005 World Summit, the R2P doctrine primarily reaffirms the responsibility of states to protect their population from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. Secondary responsibility is on the international community to encourage and help States to exercise this responsibility and where states manifestly fail to protect their populations to
Seasonal forecasting is not an easy task to deal with. A number of large scale atmospheric phenomena, e.g. Northern Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Scandinavia (SCA) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) affect the climate in Sweden and the effect on rivers is an integration of all the complex inter-relation among all these atmospheric phenomena. In this Master thesis, the river discharge from 107 st
A variety of contemporaneous factors contribute to the existence of sustained rural poverty, such as inefficient infrastructure, poor access to markets, difficulty in accessing credit, land tenure issues, gender inequality, lack of crop diversity, unsustainable or unproductive farming practices, and limited access to inputs and technology. With this in mind, integrated approaches to rural developm
Objective: Study the reproducibility of wet smear interpretation of clue cells, lactobacillary grades and leukocyte dominance with conventional bright light and phase contrast microscopy. Study design: Sets of vaginal specimens were taken from unselected consecutive women attending an outpatient gynaecology clinic. Air-dried vaginal fluid on a microscope slide was rehydrated with isotonic saline b
We present a systematic investigation of how the axial ligand in heme proteins influences the geometry, electronic structure, and spin states of the active site, and the energies of the reaction cycles. Using the density functional B3LYP method and medium-sized basis sets, we have compared models with His, His+Asp, Cys, Tyr, and Tyr+Arg as found in myoglobin and hemoglobin, peroxidases, cytochrome
