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The majority of motorcycle accident fatalities in Malaysia occur on primary roads, especially at access points situated along straight road sections. To explore the behavioral factors that may contribute to motorcyclists being involved in hazardous situations at these locations and to develop working hypotheses for a consecutive quantitative study, a qualitative observational study was carried out

The recent Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) sets ambitious goals but no clear pathway for how zero loss of important biodiversity areas and halting human-induced extinction of threatened species will be achieved. We assembled a multi-taxa tracking dataset (11 million geopositions from 15,845 tracked individuals across 121 species) to provide a global assessment of space use of

Control of the microstructure of steel components during their processing is a crucial factor for reaching desired product properties. Realistic simulations of the microstructure evolution during processing can facilitate the improvement of existing processes as well as the design of new ones by reducing the need for time- and cost-intensive experimental investigations. This work focuses on the mo

Background: The success of randomized-controlled stroke trials is dependent on the recruitment and retention of a sufficient number of patients, but fewer than half of all trials meet their target number of patients. Methods: We performed a search and review of the literature, and conducted a survey and workshop among 56 European stroke trialists, to identify barriers, suggest methods to improve r

We consider optimal channel shortener design for reduced-state soft-output Viterbi equalizer (RS-SOVE) in singlecarrier (SC) systems. To use RS-SOVE, three receiver filters need to be designed: a prefilter, a target response and a feedback filter. The collection of these three filters are commonly referred to as the “channel shortener”. Conventionally, the channel shortener is designed to transfor

Routine monitoring of workplace exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is performed mainly via active sampling. However, active samplers have several drawbacks and, in some cases, may even be unusable. Polyurethane foam (PUF) as personal passive air samplers constitute good alternatives for PAH monitoring in occupational air (8 h). However, PUFs must be further tested to reliably yiel

BACKGROUND: A great deal of interest has been focused on finding substitutes for autogenous bone grafts. Among the most interesting materials are different calcium phosphate compositions (e.g., hydroxyapatite [HA]), due to their biocompatible properties in hard and soft tissue.PURPOSE: The bone response to porous ceramic HA granules in combination with two lipid and one polysaccharide carrier was

Surface rock fragments retard overland flow discharge, reduce the runoff generation rate and soil erosion as well as nutrients loss. In Northwest China, a common method for minimizing water, soil, and nutrient losses is the use of rock fragment cover. We used lab stimulation testing to evaluate rock fragment cover efficacy for nutrient conservation. Nutrient losses were determined in both the runo

Different FAD dependent GDH enzymes together with the Os-redox polymer Os(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)2(PVI)10Cl]+ and a modified graphite electrode was shown to have distinct selectivity and high turnover rates towards glucose. The results of this study suggest that such electrodes may be applied either for glucose determination or as bioanodes in glucose biofuel cells. Further, higher current

Evaluation of prophylactic treatment of haemophilia requires sensitive methods. To design and test a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scale for haemophilic arthropathy, two scales of a combined MRI scoring scheme were merged into a single scale which includes soft tissue and osteochondral subscores. Sixty-one joint MRI's of 46 patients with haemophilia were evaluated by four radiologists using

Popular Abstract in Swedish Många olika proteiner kan produceras med hjälp av rekombinanta DNA tekniker. Ofta sätts vektorn som kodar för det rekombinanta proteinet in i bakterien E. coli, då den är välkänd. Det är viktigt att producera mycket celler för att uppnå hög produktivitet. Detta görs genom att näringsämnet (ofta glukos) tillsätts kontinuerligt till en så kallad semisats reaktor. TillsatsThe recombinant DNA techniques have made it possible to produce many different proteins for a wide range of applications. The vector encoding for the recombinant protein is often inserted in the bacterium E. coli as it is a well studied and a well-known organism. To achieve a high productivity, it is important to reach a high cell density. This is obtained through fed-batch operation where the nut

There have been increasing theoretical speculations and observational indications that certain globular clusters (GCs) could contain a sizeable population of stellar mass black holes (BHs). In this paper, we shortlist at least 29 Galactic GCs that could be hosting a subsystem of BHs (BHS). In a companion paper, we analysed results from a wide array of GC models (simulated with the MOCCA code for c

Conifer-feeding bark beetles are important herbivores and decomposers in forest ecosystems. These species complete their life cycle in nutritionally poor substrates and some can kill enormous numbers of trees during population outbreaks. The Eurasian spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) can destroy >100 million m3 of spruce in a single year. We report a 236.8 Mb I. typographus genome assembly usin

Reinforcement learning systems usually assume that a value function is defined over all states (or state-action pairs) that can immediately give the value of a particular state or action. These values are used by a selection mechanism to decide which action to take. In contrast, when humans and animals make decisions, they collect evidence for different alternatives over time and take action only

Background and aims Curative surgery saves ≈50% of all patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) while remaining patients have synchronous or will develop metachronous metastases. Presently, the single most important prognostic factor is histopathological detection of disseminated tumor cells in regional lymph nodes. However, the routine method has several limitations. The aim was to identify biomarke

Summary, key points: Transport considerations ought to be factored into the initial phase of the wheelchair & seating assessment process. Manufacturers of wheelchairs and seating systems should make information relating to the safe transportation of their products readily available - and easy to understand. With the desire to provide the safest possible transport environment for wheelchair-se

Popular Abstract in Swedish Stora mängder reaktiva lågmolekylära ämnen används i den kemiska industrin vid produktionen av varor som hanteras i vårt dagliga liv. Exempel på sådana kemikalier är organiska syraanhydrider (OAA). En stor andel av de arbetare som exponeras för dessa viktiga industriella föreningar blir tyvärr sjuka med symtom som astma och hösnuveliknande besvär. I åtminstone en del faOrganic acid anhydrides (OAAs) are important industrial chemicals but also potent inducers of airways diseases. Many exposed workers develop specific IgE and IgG antibodies. Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) and methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) are two particularly sensitising OAAs. The aim of this thesis was to develop and evaluate a method for biological monitoring of exposure to and r

Climate warming is currently advancing spring leaf-out of temperate and boreal trees, enhancing net primary productivity (NPP) of forests. However, it remains unclear whether this trend will continue, preventing for accurate projections of ecosystem functioning and climate feedbacks. Several ecophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to regulate the timing of leaf emergence in response to chan

Miniaturized thermal infrared (TIR) cameras that measure surface temperature are increasingly available for use with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, deriving accurate temperature data from these cameras is non-trivialsince they are highly sensitive to changes in their internal temperature and low-cost models are often not radiometrically calibrated. We present the results of laboratory a