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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether probiotic prophylaxes reduce the odds of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in adults and children. DESIGN: Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), adjusting for risk factors. METHODS: We searched 6 databases and 11 grey literature sources from inception to April 2016. We identified 32 RCTs (n=8,713); among them, 18
ABSTRACT Introduction. Testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) patients may be at risk of developing sexual dysfunction after treatment. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions in TGCC patients 3 to 5 years after treatment, and relate findings to biochemical hypogonadism, treatment intensity, and the expected prevalence in the Swedish male population. Methods. A q
Popular Abstract in English The aim of this thesis is to investigate the evolution of new technology-based firms (NTBFs) based on solid empirical material for the Swedish economy. The focus on this thesis is exploring the role of acquisition by incumbent firms in the evolution of NTBFs. The findings of this thesis show that selection is a core feature in the evolution of NTBFs. NTBFs experience a The aim of this thesis is to explore the evolution of new technology-based firms (NTBFs) based on solid empirical material for the Swedish economy. NTBFs are argued to be one important type of entrepreneurial firms that contribute to technology change, knowledge spillovers, and economic growth. However, our knowledge concerning how NTBFs exert their technological and economic influences is far fro
Objective Anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies are reported to associate with more radiographic progression within the total rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population and anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)-negative subgroup. We explored the association of anti-CarP with radiographic progression in RA and aimed to replicate the association and evaluate the added value of anti-CarP an
BACKGROUND: Although most pediatric radial neck fractures can be treated with either immobilization alone or closed reduction and immobilization, a small subset result in permanent loss of motion despite surgical management. We sought to characterize the most problematic fractures and correlate final outcomes with both presenting fracture characteristics and the reduction achieved through surgical
Background: Desmoplastic melanoma (DM) is a rare subtype, accounting for less than 5% of primary cutaneous invasive melanomas. DM often arises in chronically sun-exposed skin, in older individuals. While the incidence of cutaneous melanoma has increased globally, trends specific to DM are less documented and studies on survival outcomes for DM are inconsistent. Objectives: To study patient and tum
In Sweden, the pedagogical training of doctoral students varies significantly across universities. While most institutions include at least one mandatory course in higher education teaching and learning, some programs lack this requirement entirely. Whether doctoral students are encouraged or even allowed to take multiple pedagogical courses also varies greatly. This paper explores the benefits of
Over the past decade UNFCCC’s climate scheme, “REDD+”, has gained precedence in climate policy spheres; Its immaculate ‘win-win’ solution—to institute a global market- based system for climate change, whereby developed nations pay individual forest users to espouse more sustainable forestry practices—has drawn in the lion’s share of critical debates amongst policymakers, civil society organization
Through Robert A. Dahl’s criteria of democracy I am in this bachelor’s thesis pursuing a normative analysis. I am using the criteria as values that are being examined through a normative given this value- method. The case I am examining is the implementation of road tolls in Gothenburg. The material analyzed, in order to see if the values are considered, are articles collected from local newspaper
Outdoor climate has considerable impact on the indoor climate and it is therefore important to adapt the buildings to the climate. This thesis shows how to improve indoor climate in a climate which it is hot, dry in the summer and cold in the winter. My investigative unit is a middle class house in the town Baalbek in Lebanon and the purpose of the study is to come up with proposals on possible so
The thesis explores and analyses the behaviour of the European Union vis-à-vis the promotion and protection of human rights within the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). It furthermore examines whether the theory of ‘normative power Europe’ is an appropriate theory in characterizing the external action of the EU at the UNGA. Drawing on seven interviews with EU and non-EU officials in both New
Sand and dust storms (SDS) represent a significant and widespread obstacle to sustainable development, affecting its economic, social, and environmental dimensions. SDS pose severe challenges to achieving several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including the eradication of poverty, the achievement of zero hunger, the improvement of health and well-being, the provision of clean water and sani
