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Importance: The association between long sleep duration and mortality appears stronger in East Asian populations than in North American or European populations. Objectives: To assess the sex-specific association between sleep duration and all-cause and major-cause mortality in a pooled longitudinal cohort and to stratify the association by age and body mass index. Design, Setting, and Participants

Ligaments provide stability to the human knee joint and play an essential role in restraining motion during daily activities. Compression-tension nonlinearity is a well-known characteristic of ligaments. Moreover, simpler material representations without this feature might give reasonable results because ligaments are primarily in tension during loading. However, the biomechanical role of differen

Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop classification criteria for overall hand osteoarthritis (OA), interphalangeal OA and thumb base OA based on self-reported data and radiographic features. Methods: The classification criteria sets were developed in three phases. In phase 1, we identified criteria that discriminated hand OA from controls. In phase 2, we used a consensus-based dec

This contribution presents a new software, Collectio, which can be used for creating highly complex relational MySQL databases, or more accurately, dynamic libraries. These libraries prove particularly well-suited for texts where the material has been organized in different ways and thus represents a ‘fluid’ textual tradition, or in traditions transmitted in many languages. So far, two libraries hThis contribution presents a new software, Collectio, which can be used for creating highly complex relational MySQL databases, or more accurately, dynamic libraries. These libraries prove particularly well-suited for texts where the material has been organized in different ways and thus represents a ‘fluid’ textual tradition, or in traditions transmitted in many languages. So far, two libraries h

The cavity receptor organ (previously X-organ or organ of Bellonci) of Artemia salina consists of ciliated neurons whose cilia protrude into a cavity beneath the cuticle. The neuronal dendrites penetrate a giant accompanying cell and epidermal cells before entering the cavity. The cavity beneath the cuticle, the ciliated neurons and the connexion with the medulla terminalis justifies a homologizatThe cavity receptor organ (previously X-organ or organ of Bellonci) of Artemia salina consists of ciliated neurons whose cilia protrude into a cavity beneath the cuticle. The neuronal dendrites penetrate a giant accompanying cell and epidermal cells before entering the cavity. The cavity beneath the cuticle, the ciliated neurons and the connexion with the medulla terminalis justifies a homologizat

Context. X-ray extragalactic surveys are ideal laboratories for the study of the evolution and clustering of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Usually, a combination of deep and wide surveys is necessary to create a complete picture of the population. Deep X-ray surveys provide the faint population at high redshift, while wide surveys provide the rare bright sources. Nevertheless, very wide area surve

Biosynthetic nerve grafts are developed in order to complement or replace autologous nerve grafts for peripheral nerve reconstruction. Artificial nerve guides currently approved for clinical use are not widely applied in reconstructive surgery as they still have limitations especially when it comes to critical distance repair. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of fine-tuned chitosan nerve gu

Endothermic animals in the boreal region experience considerable thermoregulatory costs in winter, especially during inactive periods when high demands cannot be met by increased food intake. This might necessitate a trade-off between resting thermoregulation and other energetically expensive processes, such as immune function, but this has rarely been investigated. We evaluated how immune activat

General bonding principles are used to predict the structure of individual nanocrystals in nanocrystalline materials with semiionic bonding. The relationship between the general principles and actual nanocrystal structures is demonstrated using titanium dioxide in the anatase form. The proposed nanocrystals simultaneously fulfill strict criteria of stoichiometry, high coordination, and balanced ch

Combustion exhaust monitoring was simulated by measurement on a sulfur dioxide flow at different temperatures using broadband absorption spectroscopy and electrochemical analysis. A linear relationship with varying rates of slope for different temperatures was found between the gas concentrations obtained using the two methods, attributed to the influence of gas volume increase and absorption line

Popular Abstract in Swedish De fyra studier som ingår i denna avhandling är gjorda för att undersöka eventuella oönskade effekter av läkemedel på näthinnan. Näthinnan är en del av det centrala nervsystemet och känslig för toxiska substanser. För att skydda näthinnan så finns två barriärer – en yttre och en inre blod–näthinne- barriär. Dessa barriärer består av strukturer som håller samman celler iThe adverse effects of drugs in the eye are not easily detected, and the underlying pathogenesis not fully understood. The effects of four different kinds of drugs have been investigated in the rabbit eye, using electroretinography, ocular examination and histochemical methods. Rifabutin is a broad spectrum antibiotic with known ocular adverse effects (corneal opacities, uveitis and vascular ret

In this paper, we investigate a one-warehouse multiple-retailer system, where the inventory control decisions are coordinated using a near optimal induced backorder cost, β*. All installations use continuous review installation-stock (R, Q) policies. The analysis builds on an approximation model where the stochastic warehouse delays are replaced by their correct averages. The contributions include

Vehicular networks bring new ways of viewing road traffic management and safety applications. For the first time, it will be possible for vehicles to exchange information and build fine-grained knowledge about the current situation, estimating risks and adapting their driving. Central to these applications is the need to exchange information in a highly dynamic environment, building a view of the

The objective of this benchmarking is to establish a comparison of several tools and processes used in thermal NIL with Si stamps at the nanoscale among the authors' laboratories. The Si stamps have large arrays of 50 nm dense lines and were imprinted in all these laboratories in a similar to 100 nm thick mr-18010E film. Other materials, such as mr-17010E, were also tested. Good patterns were obta

The baobab is among the commonly consumed wild fruits found in the semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa. It has a wide application in food systems and folk medicine and has an advantage of surviving even in harsh environmental conditions. While the fruit pulp is packed with a lot of essential nutrients and has gained much interest in recent past on the international market as a healthy ‘superfo