Filetype
Background: Adjuvant endocrine treatment improves survival after estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. Recurrences occur, and most patients with metastatic breast cancer develop treatment resistance and incurable disease. An influential factor in relation to endocrine treatment resistance is tumor hypoxia and the hypoxia inducible transcription factors (HIFs). Poor perfusion makes tumors
The immune system plays a considerable role in hypertension. In particular, T-lymphocytes are recognized as important players in its pathogenesis. Despite substantial experimental efforts, the molecular mechanisms underlying the nature of T-cell activation contributing to an onset of hypertension or disease perpetuation are still elusive. Amongst other cell types, lymphocytes express distinct prof
Mercury is one of the most toxic elements threatening the biosphere, with levels steadily rising due to both natural and human activities. Selenium is an essential micronutrient, required for normal development and functioning of many organisms. While selenium is known to counteract mercury's toxicity under some conditions, to date information about the mercury-selenium relationship is fragmented
Within the field of tourism information search behaviour, this research aims at exploring the proposed concept of ‘planned serendipity’ and its connection with smartphone use for tourism information search. Although studies on smartphone and tourism have flourished in the past few years, research on information needs and how these needs exist in relation to smartphones is lacking. Moreover, there
A central question in Alzheimer's disease research is what role synaptic activity plays in the disease process. Synaptic activity has been shown to induce β-amyloid peptide release into the extracellular space, and extracellular β-amyloid has been shown to be toxic to synapses. We now provide evidence that the well established synaptotoxicity of extracellular β-amyloid requires β-secretase process
Immunotherapy against β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) is a leading therapeutic direction for Alzheimer disease (AD). Experimental studies in transgenic mouse models of AD have demonstrated that Aβ immunization reduces Aβ plaque pathology and improves cognitive function. However, the biological mechanisms by which Aβ antibodies reduce amyloid accumulation in the brain remain unclear. We provide evidence tha
Purpose: Studies comparing CSF and PET tau biomarkers have included only commercial CSF assays examining specific phosphorylation sites (e.g. threonine 181, P-tau 181p ) and mid-domain tau (i.e. total tau, T-tau). Moreover, these studies did not examine CSF tau levels in relation to cerebral glucose metabolism. We
Congenital microcephaly, intractable seizures and severe psychomotor retardation characterize 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3-PGDH) deficiency, a disorder of L-serine biosynthesis. The enzyme defect results in low concentrations of serine and to a variable degree of glycine in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Short-term beneficial effects have been reported of oral treatment with the deficient
This study investigated how a history of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) impacts clinical outcomes overall and in different subgroups of breast cancer patients. The study included 814 primary breast cancer patients aged ≥50 years in Sweden (2002–2012) with follow-up until 2016. Associations between patient- and tumor characteristics, recurrences, and overall survival were analyzed in relation to
In this study, we provide the results of radiological characterization of the RBMK-1500 graphite using modeling and nuclear spectrometry; we also introduce a method to identify neutron activation and surface contamination terms for the spent graphite waste. The simplified model of the reactor core created by programme package SCALE 6.2 for 4 × 4 fragment of the core was used for simulation of neut
Copper from vehicles disc brakes is one main contributor of the total copper found in the environment. Therefore, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the automotive industries started the Copper-Free Brake Initiative. The pad friction material is essentially composed of a binder, fillers, reinforcing fibres and frictional additives. Copper and brass fibres are the most commonly used
Objective: Our objective was to study the hypothalamic volume in a cohort of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) including symptomatic and presymptomatic ALS mutation carriers.Methods: High-resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI datasets from 251 patients with sporadic ALS, 19 symptomatic and 32 presymptomatic ALS mutation carriers and 112 healthy controls (HC) were retrospecti
Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in both humans and BioBreeding (BB) rats is an autoimmune disease that results in complete destruction of islets and insulin dependency for life. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) promotes β cell proliferation and neogenesis and has a potent insulinotropic effect. We hypothesized that the expression of GLP-1 before disease onset would increase islet mass, delay diab
We examine economic inequality and social differences in infant and child mortality, and fertility responses to food price changes in North Orkney, 1855–1910, using linked vital records. This small population featured a diverse occupational structure, limited land resources, and geographic isolation from mainland Scotland. Segments of Orkney’s non-agricultural working population were living so clo
The aim of courses conducted by centers for educational development is to enhance and sustain quality in teaching and learning in higher education. Research suggests that taking a scholarly approach to teaching and learning results in higher quality teaching, which, in turn, promotes student learning (Trigwell & Shale, 2004). Moreover, a scholarly approach to teaching and learning helps sustai
The likelihood that females will breed or how much they invest in reproduction can depend on the characters of their male partners. Such differential allocation may enhance or limit gene flow between hybridizing lineages, in particular when the lineages have diverged in sexually selected characters. Populations of the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) in some regions of Italy exhibit striking
The contribution of this licentiate thesis lies in the modelling of a multi-echelon inventory system with more general backorder cost structures. Backorder costs are traditionally assumed to be linear, whereas we consider structures that are more general functions of the customers’ time in backorder. The system studied is a two-echelon system with one central warehouse and a number of local sites,
