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In 1994 the Swedish Construction Code, BKR, was changed from being based on material to being based on function. This permitted constructing multi-storey buildings with a bearing framework made of wood, which had been prohibited since the end of the 19th century. There is now a growing in- terest of using wood as a construction material. In Växjö four seven-storey buildings, Limnologen, are under
In Sweden there has recently been a change in the code from the former BFS2010:2 BKR 13 to Eurocode 5. This shift has led to changes when calculating the design capacity for all materials including wood. One of the parameters that were changed was the strength of wood perpendicular to the grain. The characteristic value required was decreased from 8 MPa to 2.7 MPa which have a relativity large imp
INTRODUCTION In the last years a lot of researches about source separation have been realized, like extraction of a signal of interest (vocal recognition application), identification of which source gives which sound (motor engine applications) or noise source characterization (environmental application). Most of these techniques for sound source estimation use the signal-subspace approach, where
Sweden faces an upcoming period where thousands of buildings built during the million program period will be in need of a façade renovation. There is a large energy-saving potential in these buildings, since they are often poorly insulated and often have a ventilation system without heat recovery. Performing energy-efficient renovation measures to a building are expensive, which results in that th
Penningtvätt utgör ett problem för samhällsekonomin, då det innebär ett hot mot det finansiella systemet om pengar med kriminellt ursprung hamnar i den legala ekonomin. Sveriges skydd för att kriminella tillgångar tvättas i den legala ekonomin har visat sig ineffektivt. Financial Action Task Force on money laundering har påpekat bristerna i svensk rätt och rekommenderat åtgärder då det inte finns If money with illicit origins enters into circulation in the financial system it poses a threat to the mechanisms of the financial system. Financial Action Task Force have concluded that the Swedish legal requirements for combating money laundering is insufficient, and the organisation have advised Swedish authorities to effectuate preventive measures. Therefore, the Swedish legal system is not co
TMP, kort för Trimetylolpropan, är en kemisk komponent som används som byggsten för alkydproduktion inom färgindustri samt som komponent i syntetiska smörjmedel. Perstorp har under drygt 50 år producerat TMP för vidare försäljning till andra kemiska industrier. Under denna period har produktionskapaciteten ökat många gånger om. Denna produktivitetsökning har kommit som följd av ett ”trial and erroThe production of TMP (Trimethylolpropane) is important for many applications, and is used as alkyds in paint and lubricants among others. The reactions producing TMP consist of two major reaction chains, Aldol condensation and Cannizzaro reaction. To get a deeper understanding and improve the running conditions the kinetic expressions for the reactions were examined. The aim of this paper was to
Metodutveckling i sökandet efter mikroplaster i tarminnehåll från tumlare Ett allt växande problem är ökande mängden mikroplaster i havet och hur de påverkar havslevande organismer. Mikroplast är små plastbitar som är mellan 0,1 - 500 mikrometer. De är uppdelade i primära och sekundära mikroplaster. Det har visat sig att båda typerna ackumuleras och stannar kvar i vattenlevande ekosystem där plasAn ever-growing problem is the increasing amount of microplastics in the sea and how they affect marine organisms. Microplastics are small pieces of plastic that are between 0.1 - 500 micrometres. They are divided into primary and secondary microplastics. Primary microplastics are those plastics that are intentionally produced to be microplastics. Secondary microplastics are generated from larger
Den europeiska gemenskapen inom försvars-och säkerhetsfrågor rör sig allt mer ifrån transnationellt samarbete mot federal integration. Parallellt med denna utveckling identifieras på EU-nivå i dagsläget dessutom en rad nya säkerhetspolitiska utmaningar som både unionen och medlemsstaterna till stor del är överens om att hantera gemensamt. Likväl förekommer också att krav ställs på mer nationellt sThe European Community in the fields of defence and security is at large moving further and further from transnational cooperation towards federal integration. In line with this development, a number of new security policy challenges have today been identified at EU level and both the EU and a majority of its member states agree that they need to be addressed jointly. Nevertheless, demands from me
To reduce the costs and survive the challenges of migration, animals should flexibly respond to changing environmental conditions along the route. In long-distance migratory birds, available habitat can vary substantially and so individual flexibility is needed to optimally exploit foraging opportunities, particularly for species that have specialized diets. However, flexible behavioral responses Seabirds adjust their behavior to migrate over changing landscapes Tracking birds with GPS technology, like the one that lets us consult Google Maps in our phones, has given exciting insight into how they are able to fly thousands of kilometers in challenging conditions over oceans and deserts during migration. Yet there are many species with fascinating migratory strategies that have not been tr
Med sin ökade tillgänglighet på den kommersiella marknaden har eye-tracking blivit ett allmänt tillgängligt system för att analysera ögonrörelser. Detta har öppnat upp för nya möjligheter för utvärdering av usability inom humancomputer interaction, som tidigare har varit dyrt, tidskrävande och ofta utfört baserat på dåligt dokumenterade standarder och mål. Tidigare forskning har visat att eye-tracWith its increased availability on the commercial market, eye-tracking has become a widely accessible system for analysing eye-movements. This has opened up new possibilities in evaluation of usability in human-computer interaction, which has had a history of being expensive, time-consuming and often performed based on poorly documented standards and objectives. Previous research has indicated the
I upphandlingsmål ska officialprincipen tillämpas på ett försiktigt sätt. Syftet med uppsatsen är att söka klarhet i om det införts en åberopsbörda i upphandlingsmål likt den som finns för dispositiva tvistemål samt hur en eventuell åberopsbörda samspelar med officialprincipen. Uppsatsen ämnar besvara två frågeställningar: hur kan vi förstå förvaltningsprocessens regler i FPL samt praxis i förhållThe thesis aims to determine if a burden of proof exists in public procurement cases. Further, the aim is to investigate how a possible burden of proof interacts with the ex officio inquiry principle . By using a legal dogmatic method, the thesis will answer two questions. How do the rules in FPL and Swedish case law compare to the burden of proof in the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure (RB)? Ho
According to traditional research in subjective well-being, the more pleasant emotions we experience, the more satisfied with life we are. But according to newer research, our physical and mental health, including satisfaction with life, also depends on the emotional diversity between the positive and negative emotions we experience, and the difference between the emotions we desire and those we a
En ny akustisk infångningsenhet med kraftigt ökad kapacitet kan anrika nanopartiklar från kroppsvätskor. Det finns otroligt mycket information att utvinna ur biologiska vätskor som blod och urin. Biomolekyler som proteiner, blodkroppar och RNA kan säga väldigt mycket om en patients hälsa. Denna information är därför väldigt användbar för läkare när de ska sätta diagnoser, men för att få ut någonThis thesis outlines the design and construction of an acoustophoretic trapping device with greatly increased capacity and throughput, compared to current commercial systems. In acoustic trapping, a strong, localised acoustic field is generated inside a channel. This field can capture and retain particles against a flow, allowing for nanoparticle purification and enrichment without the need for ul
In this paper a simulation of a convective cell of a thunderstorm system observed 19th of June 2000 during the Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study (STEPS) field campaign is being analysed. The storm system has been simulated with an Aerosol-Cloud model and the analysis is based on the output data. The analysis spans over 30 minutes which covers the mature stage and the begi
Den 27 april 2022 röstade riksdagen ja till att införa ett nytt brott i Brottsbalken, hedersförtryck; detta som ett led i att bekämpa hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck med kraft. Hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck kan föras tillbaka på kollektivt betingade hedersnormer, på grund av vilka individer riskerar att bestraffas om normerna ifråga inte efterlevs. Den springande punkten är kontextuella idéeOn the 27th of April 2022, the Swedish parliament voted in favour of introducing a new criminal offence in The Swedish Penal Code, called ‘honour-related oppression’ (sw. hedersförtryck). This action was taken as a part of a larger initiative to combat honour-related violence and oppression. Honour-related violence and oppression can be traced back to collectively conditioned honour norms, in whic
Fed aquaculture is a necessary practice to meet the seafood requirements of a growing population in a sustainable manner. There is a high demand for fish feed to meet the rising protein requirements of the industry. Currently, fish feeds are either unsustainable, affected by seasonal variations, lack a complete amino acid profile, lack scalability, or are too expensive. Single Cell Protein (SCP) i
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under sin livstid har Jorden genomlevt upprepade naturliga klimatförändringar. Genom att undersöka dessa klimatförändringar över tid och rum så kan vi öka vår förståelse för underliggande dynamik och mekanismer och därmed bättre förstå klimatsystemet. Två grundläggande förutsättningar för sådana undersökningar är trovärdiga rekonstruktioner av tidigare variationer i styThroughout its history Earth experienced a variety of natural climate changes. By investigating their spatial and temporal evolution we can increase the understanding of the mechanisms and dynamics underlying natural climate change and improve our general comprehension of the climate system. Prerequisites of these investigations are reliable reconstructions of past forcing variations as well as so
The main focus of this thesis is the analysis of the interactions between antennas and channels where electromagnetic fields play a central role. Our goal has been to devise a general framework to enable a clear separation of the properties of the propagation channel from the influence of the antennas at the same time as it provides a common ground for a joint characterization of their properties.
Objective. Overactive bladder (OAB) is a chronic condition that has a profound impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study measured changes in bother of OAB symptoms and self-perceived HRQoL over 6 months in patients treated with extended-release (ER) tolterodine in a naturalistic setting. Material and methods. This was a prospective, single-cohort observational study of patients
