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Cerebral function was measured with a neuropsychological test battery before, during, and after insulin-induced hypoglycaemia (blood glucose approximately 2.0 mmol l-1) in 10 male Type 1 diabetic patients (age 20-43 years, duration of diabetes 14 (2-30) years) and in 12 normal men. There were no group differences in neuropsychological results at normal glucose levels. Significant effects of hypogl

Background and Objectives: Photodynamic therapy using 20% 5 aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has recently been introduced as a new tool in optical skin rejuvenation. The primary objective of this study was to optimize incubation time, the topical delivery mechanism (vehicle) and the concentration of 5-ALA by detecting the dynamic changes of normal skin after 5-ALA application. The secondary objective w

Specific parameters of the neuronal tissue microstructure, such as axonal diameters, membrane permeability and intracellular water fractions are assessable using diffusion MRI. These parameters are commonly estimated using analytical models, which may introduce bias in the estimated parameters due to the approximations made when deriving the models. As an alternative to using analytical models, a

Combined U-Pb, O and Lu-Hf isotope analyses of detrital zircon grains from five major rivers in Ghana are used to investigate the growth and evolution of the Birimian terrane of the West African Craton. The majority of the analysed zircon yields supra-chondritic εHf values, suggesting derivation from primarily juvenile host magmas. Zircon grains from the Birim River in southwestern Ghana deviate f

Contrary to the traditional understanding of place branding inspired by product, service and corporation branding, the present paper adopts place branding interdisciplinary literature in order to develop a conceptual framework that focuses on the constituting features of place brands as a form of public brands. The paper suggests the way place brands are constituted is via a co-branded complex and

Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and is an important nutrient in the ocean. The global Si cycle plays a critical role in regulating primary productivity and carbon cycling on the continents and in the oceans. Development of the analytical tools used to study the sources, sinks, and fluxes of the global Si cycle (e.g., elemental and stable isotope ratio data for

We take our empirical and theoretical starting point in the practices of ecopreneurship in the making of marine markets. Seaweed has gained renewed relevance in the wake of a growing interest in alternative production and consumption. This coincides with a widespread interest in the environment and the production of sustainable lifestyles. In this context, there are a number of women entrepreneurs

Carbon sequestration is an essential ecosystem service (ES) for climate change mitigation. For reasons of simplicity this ES is often quantified considering carbon storage in four carbon pools: aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, dead organic matter and soil organic carbon. Indicators of these four pools are estimated by modelling, reference values, or field methods and data processing of di

The momentum measurement capability of the ATLAS muon spectrometer relies fundamentally on the intrinsic single-hit spatial resolution of the monitored drift tube precision tracking chambers. Optimal resolution is achieved with a dedicated calibration program that addresses the specific operating conditions of the 354 000 high-pressure drift tubes in the spectrometer. The calibrations consist of a

Investment in railways, and transport infrastructure in general, are often motivated because they are believed to improve peoples’ accessibility to jobs. By linking together and increasing the size of labour markets, the matching between individuals and jobs is improved, and the productivity increases. Communities and municipalities lobby for investments that lead to higher accessibility and those

The EU Blue Growth agenda is being implemented at a time when European coastal fisheries and traditional fishing communities are struggling to survive or have already vanished from areas where they used to flourish. Driven by the strong conviction that current disadvantaged and vulnerable coastal fishers still have a central role to play in rural development, local level initiatives are calling fo

Case-control and cohort studies published between 1977 and 1988 were reviewed with the purpose to evaluate the relationship between use of oral contraceptives (OC-use) and breast cancer risk, tumour biology and tumour prognosis with special emphasis on early OC-use. the risk of breast cancer was assessed in 30 case-referent studies and 5 cohort studies, and the prognosis of breast cancer had been

Background: Chronic pain (CP) has serious medical and social consequences and leads to economic burden that threatens the sustainability of healthcare services. Thus, optimized management of pain tools to support CP patients in adjusting to their condition and improving their quality of life is timely. Although acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is considered an evidence-based psychological a

Self-Aware Adaptive computing systems are capable of adapting their behavior and resources thousands of times based on changing environmental conditions and demands. This allows them to automatically find the best way to accomplish a given goal with the resources at hand. This capability would benefit the full range of computer systems, from embedded devices to servers to supercomputers. Although

Wood is a remarkable material with great cultural, economic, and biogeochemical importance. However, our understanding of its formation is poor. Key properties that have not been explained include the anatomy of growth rings (with consistent transitions from low-density earlywood to high density latewood), strong temperature-dependence of latewood density (used for historical temperature reconstru

Long term effect of testosterone (T) deficiency impairs metabolism and is associated with muscle degradation and metabolic disease. The association seems to have a bidirectional nature and is not well understood. The present study aims to investigate the early and unidirectional metabolic effect of induced T changes by measuring fasting amino acid (AA) levels in a human model, in which short-term

Investment in railways, and transport infrastructure in general, are often motivated because they are believed to improve peoples’ accessibility to jobs. By linking together and increasing the size of labour markets, the matching between individuals and jobs is improved, and the productivity increases. Communities and municipalities lobby for investments that lead to higher accessibility and those

We exhibit families of 4-CNF formulas over n variables that have sums-of-squares (SOS) proofs of unsatisfiability of degree (a.k.a. rank) d but require SOS proofs of size nΩ ( d ) for values of d = d(n) from constant all the way up to nδ for some universal constant δ. This shows that the nO ( d ) running time obtained by using the Lasserre semidefinite programming relaxations to find degree-d SOS

Sera from 40 Swedish children diagnosed as having Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus during a one year period along with 40 age and geographically matched control subjects were tested for antibodies to a Mr-64000 islet protein by immunoprecipitation of 35S-methionine-labelled rat islet amphiphilic proteins. Of the 40 diabetic patients, 29 (73%) were found to be positive whereas all 40 co

Stiff, elastic, viscous shear thinning aqueous gels are formed upon dispersion of low weight percent concentrations of cationically modified cellulose nanofibrils (CCNF) in water. CCNF hydrogels produced from cellulose modified with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride, with degree of substitution (DS) in the range 10.6(3)-23.0(9)%, were characterised using NMR spectroscopy, rheology and small angle