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A study to determine and compare the sensitivities and specificities of the comparative cervical tuberculin (CCT) and gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) tests for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis was conducted on 30 zebu oxen. The results of the tests were compared with the presence of acid-fast bacilli found by bacteriological culturing and histopathological examinations. The sensitivity and specif

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice, accounting. Recent findings highlight the need for better characterisation of the arrhythmia in each patient, in order to improve patient treatment. The main objective of this work was to characterise atrial electrophysiology with respect to AF by means of non-invasively obtained data. Spectra

The colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was standardized for direct detection of rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples. The sensitivity and specificity of the direct MTT assay matched those of the standard indirect susceptibility assay on 7H10 medium, and interpretable results were obtained for 98.5% of the samples within

Popular Abstract in Swedish I studier rörande de yngsta barnen saknas ofta genusperspektiv. Ett syfte med studien var därför att undersöka interaktionen mellan barnen (1-3 år gamla) och förskolepersonalen på småbarnsavdelningarna vid tre förskolor i ett genus- och kontextuellt perspektiv. Ett annat syfte var att undersöka pedagogernas föreställningar om barn och genus. Ett tredje syfte var att disIn studies concerning the youngest children, the toddlers, the gender perspective is often missing. One aim of the study was, therefore, to investigate the interaction between children and preschool teachers in day care centres in a gender and a contextual perspective. Another aim was to investigate the inner representations of the preschool teachers concerning children and gender. A third aim was

Cerebral function was measured with a neuropsychological test battery before, during, and after insulin-induced hypoglycaemia (blood glucose approximately 2.0 mmol l-1) in 10 male Type 1 diabetic patients (age 20-43 years, duration of diabetes 14 (2-30) years) and in 12 normal men. There were no group differences in neuropsychological results at normal glucose levels. Significant effects of hypogl

Specific parameters of the neuronal tissue microstructure, such as axonal diameters, membrane permeability and intracellular water fractions are assessable using diffusion MRI. These parameters are commonly estimated using analytical models, which may introduce bias in the estimated parameters due to the approximations made when deriving the models. As an alternative to using analytical models, a

A performance-based service life design format based on climatic exposure on one hand and "resistance" of materials against mould growth on the other hand, is presented in this paper. A limit state for onset of mould growth is defined as the occurrence of traces of mould observed by microscopy. A dose-response model is proposed by which onset of mould growth can be predicted for an arbitrary clima

Abstract in UndeterminedSoil microbes constitute an important control on nitrogen (N) turnover and retention in arctic ecosystems where N availability is the main constraint on primary production. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbioses may facilitate plant competition for the specific N pools available in various arctic ecosystems. We report here our study on the N uptake patterns of coexisting plants an

The recognition of carbohydrates by proteins is a fundamental aspect of communication within and between living cells. Understanding the molecular basis of carbohydrate-protein interactions is a prerequisite for the rational design of synthetic ligands. Here we report the high- to ultrahigh-resolution crystal structures of the carbohydrate recognition domain of galectin-3 (Gal3C) in the ligand-fre

Plants have a remarkable capacity to adapt to local environmental conditions, which can result in ecotypic differentiation. Patterns of differentiation can, however, also be influenced by the extensive phenotypic plasticity exhibited by many plant species. In this study, we evaluated the distinctness of two putative ecotypes of the parasitic herb Rhinanthus angustifolius. We compared population me

The carbon cycle of a lake is a balance between supply from the atmosphere and catchment, and the net demand exerted by primary producers, minus losses back to the atmosphere and to sediment storage. Evaluating the sum of these processes and reconstructing them from sediment records of lake history requires a range of methods and a multi-proxy approach. One promising technique is to explore the ca

Introduction The intensity and duration of childhood cancer treatment may disrupt psychosocial development and thereby cause difficulties in transition into adulthood. The study objective was to assess social outcomes in early adulthood after successful treatment for childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Wilms tumor (WT) and infratentorial astrocytoma (IA). Methods Nordic patients treated for AM

This paper provides an overview of methodologies used for quantitative evaluations of security of supply. The studied material is mainly based on peer-reviewed articles and the methodologies are classified according to which stage in the supply chain their main focus is directed to, as well as their scientific background. Our overview shows that a broad variety of approaches is used, but that ther

Objective. The aim of this study was to present the outcome of patients treated with salvage cryotherapy after radiotherapy for prostate cancer at one institution. Materials and methods. Consecutive patients treated between 2007 and 2013 with transperineal cryotherapy for biopsy-verified local recurrence after radiotherapy were investigated. An external reviewer retrieved outcome data retrospectiv

Departure decisions of how and when to leave a stopover site may be of critical importance for the migration performance of birds. We used an automated radiotelemetry system at Falsterbo peninsula, Sweden, to study stopover behaviour and route choice in free-flying passerines departing on flights across the Baltic Sea during autumn migration. In addition, we had an offshore receiver station (FINO

Large-scale multi-species data on population changes of alpine or arctic species are largely lacking. At the same time, climate change has been argued to cause poleward and uphill range shifts and the concomitant predicted loss of habitat may have drastic effects on alpine and arctic species. Here we present a multi-national bird indicator for the Fennoscandian mountain range in northern Europe (F

In the bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials to ethanol, the cost of the raw material and the cost of the enzymes have been identified as the major costs for the product. In addition, many lignocellulosic materials contain considerable amounts of five-carbon sugars which are not easily fermented to ethanol. The possibility of improving the cost-intensive steps was investigated. The steam pre

Purpose We tested whether total prostate-specific antigen velocity (tPSAv) improves accuracy of a model using PSA level to predict long-term risk of prostate cancer diagnosis. Methods During 1974 to 1986 in a preventive medicine study in Sweden, 5,722 men aged <= 50 gave two blood samples about 6 years apart. We measured free (fPSA) and total PSA (tPSA) in archived plasma samples from 4,907 partic

Background. Excessive mortality and morbidity are serious problems after hip fracture in the elderly. Methods. Hip fractures in persons aged 50 years or older were prospectively registered in Japan in 2000. Questionnaires regarding both the first onset and the second 120-day period after hip fracture were obtained from 759 patients, 546 of whom were female and 213 male. Results. Their average age