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I samband med offentliga uppköpserbjudanden uppstår emellanåt ett behov för aktiemarknadsaktörer att göra uttalanden gentemot aktiemarknaden avseende sina avsikter. När aktiemarknadsaktören senare av olika anledningar kan behöva avvika från denna tidigare gjorda avsiktsförklaring uppstår frågan om under vilka förutsättningar en sådan avvikelse kan godtas. Uppsatsens grundläggande syfte är således During the course of a public takeover offer, the need for a stock market actor to make statements towards the market regarding their intentions occasionally arises. For various reasons, the stock market actor may at a later stage deem it necessary to diverge from this previously made statement of intention and the question of under what circumstances such a deviation is acceptable emerges. Theref

I det svenska straffsystemet åtnjuter alla brottsliga gärningar ett straffvärde. Så även narkotikabrott. För snart ett år sedan, i juni 2011, avkunnade HD en dom som tydligt syftade till att ändra praxis avseende hur straffvärdet ska fastställas i narkotikamål. De två tilltalade som åtalet huvudsakligen avsåg dömdes av HovR till 14 års fängelse vardera. HD sänkte straffen till fyra års fängelse. EAccording to Swedish penal law all criminal offenses deserves a penal val-ue. So while drug offenses. Nearly a year ago, in June 2011, the Supreme Court gave a judgment that was clearly aimed at changing practices in the assessment of the penal value of drug offenses. The two defendants in the indictment were each mainly sentenced by the Court of Appeals for 14 years in prison. The Supreme Court r

This thesis investigates the volatility structures found in forward-looking fundamental valuations of the Swedish stock index OMXS30. The evaluated data constitutes daily observations of P/E ratios based on twelve months earnings estimates during the period 2009-01-02 until 2018-10-18. The analysis is conducted by applying a GARCH modelling framework to a log-return transformed return series deriv

Kommuners tillsyn av rökfria skolgårdar Rökning kostar det svenska samhället uppskattat 30 miljarder kronor per år i kostnaden för sjukvård, produktionsförluster och sjukskrivning. Rökning bland ungdomar har minskat de senaste åren, men det är fortfarande nästan en fjärdedel av alla elever i årskurs 2 på gymnasiet, ser sig själv som rökare. För att stoppa ungdomar från att röka genomför kommunen The purpose of this study was to investigate the supervision of non-smoking school yards in Sweden. Smoking costs Swedish society an estimated 30 billion SEK annually in cost for healthcare, production losses and sick leave. Smoking among adolescents has declined in recent years, but it is still 24 % in high school's grade 2, which categorized as smokers. The supervision of the schoolyard is t

Framställningen behandlar domstolens ansvar för utredningen i brottmål och problematiken kring de skillnader som har uppstått mellan regleringen i rättegångsbalken och praxis bland domare. Enligt rättegångsbalken har domstolen tilldelats ett visst ansvar för att målet blir tillräckligt utrett. Bestämmelserna i rättegångsbalken har många år på nacken och härrör från en tid då åklagarväsendet inte vThis essay deals with the court’s responsibility for the investigation in connection to criminal cases, as well as the problems regarding the differences that have appeared between the regulation in rättegångsbalken (the Swedish criminal procedural act) and practice amongst judges. According to rättegångsbalken, the court has, to some degree, a responsibility to assure that the case is properly

Studien har som syfte att undersöka huruvida flygolyckor påverkar flygplanstillverkares aktiepriser. Tidsperioden som undersöks är mellan år 2000 och 2018 och begränsas till olyckor där 30 personer eller fler miste livet. Metoden som ligger till grund för arbetet är en händelsestudie som tillsammans med statistiska test undersöker effekten av flygolyckor. Historiska data i form av faktiska aktieku

Enligt art. 53(1)(b) EUTMR och art. 7 EUTMD utgör ond tro ett registreringshinder, samt en ogiltighetsgrund för varumärkesregistreringar. EU lagstiftare erbjuder inte en mer djupgående förklaring för vad ond tro inom varumärkesrätten innebär. Istället har uppgiften att definiera begreppet ’ond tro’ fallit på EUD, Tribunalen och EUIPOs administrativa nämnder. Föreliggande uppsats har undersökt hur According to art. 53(1)(b) EUTMR and art. 7 EUTMD, trade mark applications filed in bad faith are to be refused registration, or invalidated if already registered. The European legislators do not provide a more in-depth description of what it means for a trade mark applicant to be in bad faith at the time of filing an application. The task of defining the concept of bad faith has been placed in th

Transports, and transport infrastructures enable and deliver vital societal functions in today’s society. At the same time, as sustainability becomes more and more important these sectors fail to enable the rate of change that international and national policies calls for. The electrification of the transport sector is a key driver of the future’s sustainable transport system, and the number of el

Den svenska arbetsmarknaden genomgår strukturella förändringar i takt med den tekniska och demografiska utvecklingen. Nya kvalifikationskrav uppkommer ständigt och behovet av kompetensutveckling ökar. Tillgången till högkvalificerad arbetskraft framstår som alltmer avgörande för arbetsgivarens konkurrensförmåga. Att besitta rätt kompetens är samtidigt av betydande vikt för den enskilde arbetstagarThe Swedish labour market is undergoing structural changes as a result of technological and demographic developments. New skill requirements are constantly emerging and the demand for skills development is increasing. The supply of highly skilled labour is becoming increasingly crucial for the competitiveness of the employer. Possessing the right skills is at the same time of significant importanc

Abstract in UndeterminedSoil microbes constitute an important control on nitrogen (N) turnover and retention in arctic ecosystems where N availability is the main constraint on primary production. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbioses may facilitate plant competition for the specific N pools available in various arctic ecosystems. We report here our study on the N uptake patterns of coexisting plants an

The paper reports the results of lichenological investigations in Asveja Regional Park (eastern Lithuania). A large part of the study was performed during the joint 18th Symposium of Baltic Mycologists and Lichenologists (BMLS) and Nordic Lichen Society meeting (NLF), September 19–23, 2011. A list of 259 species is presented, 30 of them are new to Lithuania. Arthonia helvola, Bacidina sulphurella,

Radial velocities measured from near-infrared (NIR) spectra are a potentially powerful tool to search for planets around cool stars and sub-stellar objects. However, no technique currently exists that yields NIR radial velocity precision comparable to that routinely obtained in the visible. We are carrying out an NIR radial velocity planet search program targeting a sample of the lowest-mass M dwa

Background: A breeding colony of IL-10 deficient B6.129P2-Il10(tmICgn/J) mice, kept under conventional conditions, developed an inflammatory bowel-like disease (IBD) with rectal prolapse and blood tinged diarrhoea. No clinical signs of disease were observed at the time of arrival to our animal house. These animals were originally planned to serve as a negative control group in an experimental infe

Sedan EU-direktivet om rätt till familjeåterförening införlivades i svensk rätt har makar rätt till familjeåterförening i Sverige. Denna rättighet är dock inte absolut, utan bortfaller om äktenskapet med lagtextens ord ingåtts uteslutande för att den ena maken ska få rätt till uppehållstillstånd (s.k. skenäktenskap). Till stöd för bedömningen av vad som är ett skenäktenskap finns kriterier i en EUSince the incorporation in Swedish law of the EU directive on family reunification, spouses have a right to family reunification. This right, however, is subject to limitations, e.g. for marriages which were contracted for the sole purpose of enabling the person concerned to obtain a residence permit (“marriages of convenience”). Criteria in aid of assessing which marriages are marriages of conven

With a fuel consumption of up to 150 tons a day for a containership, fuel cost is the main expense for shippers. To decrease expenses, drag reduction is the most important topic to address. The biggest factor that influence the hydrodynamics of a vessel is marine fouling. A heavily fouled ship can consume an additional 40 % of fuel or more. The process of marine fouling is an extremely diverse and

Magnetomotoriskt ultraljud är en ny bildgivande teknik som kombinerar vanligt ultraljud med ett pålagt tidsvarierande magnetfält för att åstadkomma en detekterbar rörelse i vävnad. Genom att injicera magnetiska nanopartiklar i området man vill undersöka kan på så sätt viktig information tillgodogöras. Superparamagnetiska järnoxidpartiklar har i drygt ett årtionde varit ett godkänt kontrastmedel fMagnetomotive ultrasound imaging is an imaging technique that utilizes regular ultrasound in combination with an applied time varying magnetic field to induce motion of magnetic nanoparticles injected in the region. This motion can be detected and give valuable information about the particle laden region. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have been approved for over a decade for use with

The year was 2012 and we had just started the School of Industrial Design at the Faculty of engineering in Lund and we had no or little idea of what we were to experience. Three years have now passed by and we feel more enlightened than ever before. What we feel is a place where the learning technique has not just given us skills to become great designers, but also made us aware of how to embrace

Beta cell function is an important factor in the development of both Type 1 (T1D) and Type 2 (T2D) diabetes mellitus. T1D is characterized by a primary defect in insulin secretion due to the immune-mediated beta cell destruction, however, the more common T2D beside insulin resistance also include impaired beta cell function as a consequence to abnormal glucose homeostasis. Genetic susceptibility i

A measurement of elastic deeply virtual Compton scattering gamma*p --> gamma p using e(+) p and e(-) p collision data recorded with the HI detector at HERA is presented. The analysed data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 306 pb(-1), almost equally shared between both beam charges. The cross section is measured as a function of the virtuality Q(2) of the exchanged photon and the ce

Blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To dissect the polygenic basis of these traits, we conducted genome-wide association screens in 19,840 individuals and replication in up to 20,623 individuals. We identified 30 distinct loci associated with lipoprotein concentrations (each