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Svensk sammanfattningAvhandlingens syfte har varit att studera utvecklingen av en könskromosom i realtid genom att simulera dess framväxt i en hermafroditisk plattmask i laboratoriet. Jag gjorde detta genom att selektera på dels honlig fitness (fitness via ägg), dels hanlig fitness (fitness via spermier) med hjälp av en genetisk markör, som agerade som en könsbestämmande gen. Detta ska efterlikna Sex chromosome evolution in a hermaphrodite ancestor starts with the establishment of a sex-determining region (SDR). Over time, sex-specific genes, and/or sexually antagonistic alleles will become linked to the SDR. Sexually antagonistic alleles are a type of genetic variation that increases fitness for one sex while being detrimental for the other sex. Recombination arrest around the SDR and gen

BACKGROUND: Distress-driven symptoms are prevalent among older primary care patients and account for a large percentage of office visits and increased medical costs. An experimental written self-disclosure protocol has been shown to reduce symptoms and use of health care services in healthy adults. Written self-disclosure as a method for reducing symptoms has not been evaluated in the primary care

Proton-emission branches of the 10+ isomer in the Tz=−1 nucleus 54Ni have been imaged with the active target and time projection chamber (ACTAR TPC) in an experiment conducted at the Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL). The completed decay scheme allows derivation of the reduced transition strengths, B(E2;10+→8+) and B(E4;10+→6+), for the two competing γ-ray transitions. By means of

The conversion of technical lignin into valuable chemicals is important for the complete utilization of lignocellulose. The kraft process dominates the pulp industry, and large amounts of kraft lignin are produced worldwide. However, the complexity of lignin limits its valorization. In this study, a kraft lignin, Indulin AT, was depolymerized under base conditions, and the effects of substrate loa

In this paper, a recently conducted measurement campaign for high-speed-train (HST) channels is introduced, where the downlink signals of an in-service Universal Mobile Terrestrial System (UMTS) deployed along an HST railway between Beijing and Shanghai were acquired. The channel impulse responses (CIRs) are extracted from the data received in the common pilot channels (CPICHs). Within 1318 km, 14

We study a robust control problem for dynamical flow networks. In the considered framework, traffic flows along the links of a transportation network —modeled as a capacited multigraph— and queues up at the nodes, whereby control policies determine which incoming queues are to be allocated service simultaneously, within some predetermined scheduling constraints. We first prov

The atrioventricular (AV) node plays a crucial role during many supraventricular tachycardias (SVT). To better understand its function under these complex conditions, mathematical modelling has emerged as a valuable tool. The model presented here builds on a recently published 1D model of the human AV-node, consisting of a series of interacting nodes, each with separate dynamics in refractory time

It has been known for a long time that older adults suffer a significantly higher risk of dying in residential fires compared to younger people. The characteristics of these fatal fires and the fatalities are also well known. However, less is known about older adults who survive fires and how they differ from those who die. This distinction can be assumed to be of great importance when designing e

High hyperdiploidy (51-67 chromosomes) is the most common cytogenetic abnormality pattern in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), occurring in 25-30% of such cases. High hyperdiploid ALL is characterized cytogenetically by a nonrandom gain of chromosomes X, 4, 6, 10, 14, 17, 18, and 21 and clinically by a favorable prognosis. Despite the high frequency of this karyotypic

In this 12-month multicenter Scandinavian study, 78 maintenance heart transplant (HTx) recipients randomized to everolimus with reduced calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) exposure or continued standard CNI-therapy underwent matched virtual histology (VH) examination to evaluate morphological progression of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). Parallel measurement of a range of inflammatory markers was a

After the “Venus Transit Conference” that took place at the University of Tromsø from June 2 to June 3, 2012, participants were given the opportunity to either stay in Tromsø until the night of June 5–6, or to participate in a voyage to Finnmark, where the historical sites Vardø, Hammerfest, and the North Cape were to be visited. This voyage culminated in the observation of the 2012 transit of Ven

BACKGROUND: Liver resection is a possibly curative treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases. Preoperative chemotherapy may make initially irresectable tumors resectable. The aim of this study was to compare perioperative course and short-term mortality after liver resection for CRC metastases between patients who were and were not treated with preoperative chemotherapy. METHODS: Pati

Associations are not random. Semantic memory is structured in a way that when hearing a category name a listener will automatically think of exemplars belonging to this category. The order in which exemplars come to mind and the frequency of retrieval of exemplars across individuals are measures of category-exemplar associative strength. Associative strength affects a broad range of psychological

Tumor growth rate estimations can provide useful information about tumor progression and aggressiveness. Understanding the breast cancer progression and aggressiveness could aid with personalized screening/follow-up, treatment options, and prognosis. This paper reports a preliminary estimation of the tumor volume doubling time (TVDT) for cancers detected during the Malmö Breast Tomosynthesis Scree

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of urbanization on per capita energy consumption and emissions in India. Design/methodology/approach: The present study analyses the effects of urbanization on energy consumption patterns by using the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology in India. Time series data from the period of 1960 to 2015 ha

Background: The feedback of the surveillance results to the employee and the employer largely determines the impact of workers’ health surveillance on workers’ health and exposure. We are unaware of any guidebooks or articles on performing feedback on regulated workers’ health surveillance, e.g., for vibration-exposed workers. Objectives: To identify existing knowledge of the communication aspects

Organismal abundance tends to decline with increasing body size. Metabolic theory links this size structure with energy use and productivity, postulating a size–abundance slope of −0.75 that is invariant across environments. We tested the robustness of this relationship across gradients of protist species richness (1–6 species), temperature (15°C–25°C) and time. Using replicated microcosms, we pro

We report on the commissioning of an ultrafast timing diagnostic for measuring a time-offset signal between two different synchronized ultrashort light pulses. The method is based on sum-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal. The setup is similar to an auto/cross-correlator setup. In this case, one of the beams is a relatively weak diagnostic beam of visible light from a bending magnet at Fe

Background Anorexia nervosa is associated with high personal and financial costs for sufferers, carers and society in general, but little is known about the long-term health economic burden. Aims To examine healthcare utilisation, social assistance, sick leave and disability pension in individuals with anorexia nervosa over a period of 30 years. Method Fifty-one individuals with adolescent-onset a

Climate change and dwindling resources underline that we need to bring production and consumption levels in line with planetary boundaries. Consumption, particularly in high-income communities, needs to be reduced and stabilized at sustainable levels. Businesses can play a key role as suppliers of goods and services and creators of demand. Some companies are rising to the challenge and promoting l