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Humic‐like substances (HULIS) are a complex group of relatively high molecular weight organic compounds which contribute considerably to the mass of organic carbon (OC) and influence the light‐absorbing properties of aerosols. In this work, HULIS were investigated for the first time in the high‐Arctic atmosphere, focusing on the chemical characterization and mass contribution of HULIS to the total
Computer-vision-based gaze estimation refers to techniques that estimate gaze direction directly from video recordings of the eyes or face without the need for an eye tracker. Although many such methods exist, their validation is often found in the technical literature (e.g., computer science conference papers). We aimed to (1) identify which computer-vision-based gaze estimation methods are usabl
Green Roofs (GRs) have been used worldwide as a solution for greening cities, while providing useful services to society such as storm water management, improved air quality, energy savings, and increased biodiversity, to name a few. However, the environmental impact of their structure has been understudied, and more importantly, the carbon cost related to the use of materials that have a high car
The alpine nature is sensitive and takes a long time to recover if damaged. The ground can be damaged by trampling, motor vehicles and bicycling amongst other things. This study focuses on the alpine area of Södra Årefjällen, which is located in mid-Sweden. The aim with the study was to see which activities that has the most impact on land and vegetation, what can be done to repair it and how visi
CERN operates the most complex particle accelerator facility built until today. As such, it consists of thousands of custom-made components spread both in upper ground facilities and in underground tunnels and caverns. Several different hazards, including fire, are present in these facilities and need to be reduced to a tolerable level; in particular, fire safety often requires the application of
Bevisvärdering i brottmål utgörs av en intresseavvägning mellan två grundläggande men till viss del motstående intressen om å ena sidan en effektiv brottsbekämpning och alla människors rätt till skydd under lagen, och å andra sidan det starka kravet på rättssäkerhet för personer som är anklagade för brott. Bevisvärderingen vid våldtäktsbrott är ofta föremål för svåra bedömningar och dessa målThe process of evaluation of evidence in criminal cases is based on a complex conflict of interests, with on one hand the interest of efficient prosecution and all individuals’ equal right to protection under the law, and on the other hand the security of a just trial and the presumption of innocence until proven guilty. The courts’ processes of evaluation of evidence in cases of rape have bee
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of various post-trade anonymity regimes on the liquidity of the Stockholm, Helsinki, and Copenhagen exchanges in 2014, 2019, 2020, and 2022. The theoretical perspectives used for this paper include information asymmetry, adverse selection, informational value of broker codes, trader dynamics under anonymity, order anticipation, and market make
Vegetation indices derived from remotely sensed optical data are commonly used for crop monitoring in precision agriculture, but their information capability can be hindered by the presence of clouds. Consequently, areas with frequent cloud cover like the southwest of Sweden may have limited access to usable optical data. Nonetheless, the addition of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data can provide
The Swedish forestry sector has been dominated by clear-cutting methods for many decades and wood production has been of great importance for the economic development. Forests and its social values have also formed an important basis for the country’s identity with its recreation opportunities. Societal demands on forests are however many and increasing with an escalating climate crisis and the ne
The app-industry today is ruled by two giants, namely Android and iOS. For companies and developers, it is essential to deliver their product to the majority of users, thus adapting to both platforms. The platforms involve their own way of developing applications and only barely resembles each other. A problem that the industry faces resides here, having to hire staff with knowledge in either Andr
I den här uppsatsen redogör jag för den svenska straffbestämmelsen om försök till brott i 23 kap. 1 § brottsbalken (BrB). Jag har inriktat mig på straffbara gärningar där faran är utesluten för fullbordat brott endast på grund av tillfälliga omständigheter. Så kallade otjänliga försök har diskuterats i doktrin sedan bestämmelsen, i sin nuvarande form, infördes på 1940-talet. Hur rekvisitet tillfälIn this essay, I show how attempted crimes, in chapter 23 article 1 of the Penal Code, are regulated. The paragraph in question regulates acts where the danger of the completion of the offence is precluded only by temporary circumstances. So-called unserviceable attempts have been debated in literature of jurisprudence since the law came into existence in the 1940s. It is not an easy task to concl
I november 2021 beslutade den dåvarande regeringen att tillsätta en utredning för att göra en översyn av regleringen om frihetsberövande påföljder för unga. I augusti 2023 publicerades utredningen som ställer sig positiv införandet av s.k. ungdomsfängelser. Den frihetsberövande påföljd som i nuläget finns för unga lagöverträdare (15–17 år), utöver fängelse, är sluten ungdomsvård (och stadgas i 32 In November 2021, the Swedish government at the time decided to appoint an inquiry to review the regulations on custodial sanctions for young people. In August 2023, the investigation was published, which is in favor of juvenile prisons. The custodial sanction that currently exists for young offenders (15-17 years old), in addition to imprisonment, is "closed youth care" (and is stipulat
Humanitära interventioner, alltså militära ingripanden i en stat utan dess samtycke för att skydda befolkningens mänskliga rättigheter, har under de senaste årtiondena varit omdiskuterade. Interventionernas förespråkare menar att vi alla har en moralisk skyldighet att hjälpa människor i nöd. De som är kritiska till interventionerna menar att dessa innebär en kränkning av en av folkrättens hörnstenHumanitarian interventions, that is to say military interventions in a state, without its permission, to protect the population’s human rights, have during the past decades been controversial. The advocates of the interventions regard it as everyone’s duty to help humans in need. The interventions’ critics argue that the interventions are a violation of one cornerstone of the international law, th
Varje stat har rätt att kontrollera sina gränser och bestämma vem som får vistas på det egna territoriet. Ett undantag från denna statssuveränitet är den absoluta rätten för skyddssökande att söka asyl. I och med att vi har fått en kontrollerad invandring i Sverige har vikten av att skilja mellan asylrätten och de bestämmelser som reglerar arbetskraftsinvandring blivit viktig. För att få arbeta Every state has the right to control their borders and decide who is allowed on their territory. An exception to this state sovereignty is the right to seek asylum. With regards to the developments of controlled immigration in Sweden, the importance of distinguishing between asylum law and the rules governing labour immigration has become vital. What this essay examines is what happens when two re
Problem definition: The increasingly informed customer will lead to an even greater demand for expertise and knowledge of marketers. Firms need to find new ways to utilize the informed customer as a co-creator of value by more proficiently analyzing behavior, both online and offline. An uncertainty lies in to which extent the operational standards of KIBS firms translate to their marketing and sal
Under den senaste tiden har det skett en betydande ökning av intresse inom forskningen och utvecklingen av arbetsflödesmotorer som är tekniska verktyg för att styra en sekvens av steg och processer. Detta har bidragit till bättre automatisering av komplexa och tidskrävande arbetsprocesser. I en del av de verksamhetssystem som Advania levererar finns det ofta ett behov av att kunna sätta upp och koIn recent times, there has been a significant increase in interest regarding the research and development of workflow engines, which are technical tools to control a sequence of steps and processes. This has enhanced the automation process of complex and time-consuming work processes. In some of the operational systems that Advania delivers, there is often a need to set up and configure different
Kanarieöarna, en ögrupp i Atlanten som tillhör Spanien och bildades för cirka 25 miljoner år sedan, har en komplex geologisk historia präglad av intensiv magmatisk aktivitet från en underliggande så kallad hotspot. Under hotspoten har extraordinärt varmt mantelmaterial transporterats upp till basen av litosfären som delvis har smält upp. Teneriffa, en av de mest välkända öarna i ögruppen, formadesThe Canary Islands, an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean belonging to Spain and formed about 25 million years ago, have a complex geological history characterized by intense magmatic activity from an underlying so-called hotspot. Under the hotspot, extraordinarily hot mantle material has been transported up to the base of the lithosphere, which has partially been melted. Tenerife, is one of the be
Det är vedertaget i svensk rätt att avtal om framtida överlåtelse av fast egen- dom, såsom optionsavtal, är ogiltiga. En option är en rätt, men inte skyldighet, att i framtiden köpa eller sälja viss egendom. Även om det inte framgår explicit i lagtext eller förarbeten föreligger alltså i praktiken ett förbud mot option till fast egendom. Uppsatsens syfte är att granska huruvida det föreligger skälAgreements concerning future real estate transactions, such as option agree- ments, are invalid in the Swedish legal system. An option constitutes a right, but not an obligation, to buy or sell certain property in the future. There is a prohibition against option agreements to real estate, although it does not appear explicitly in the text of a law or the legislative history. The purpose of this t
Att skriva SQL-satser för att hämta användardata är ofta en ansträngande uppgift som kräver god kännedom om hur datainsamlingen fungerar, och hur användare interagerar med applikationen. För utvecklare som endast skriver SQL ibland innebär det mycket kontextväxling och tid som går åt till att åter bekanta sig med dataanalyseringsarbetet. För att lösa detta problemet utvecklades en intern AI-agentWriting SQL to extract usage data is a strenuous task that requires extensive knowledge of logging practices and user interactions within an application. For engineers and developers who write SQL only intermittently, the resulting context switching and re-familiarization can consume valuable work hours. To address this challenge, an internal AI agent was developed to transform natural language i
The purpose of this qualitative research was to examine how medical social workers define their professional commission and expertise. It also examines whether the idea of their professional role is established among other professions within the healthcare system, enabling them to gain access to and carry out their professional social work. The empirical research, consisting of interviews with 3 m
