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These practice guidelines for the biological treatment of substance use disorders were developed by an international Task Force of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP). The goal during the development of these guidelines was to review systematically all available evidence pertaining to the treatment of substance use disorders, and to reach a consensus on a series of p
A proactive strategy to respond effectively to health impacts related to climate variability, particularly within vulnerable populations, is of vital importance. Such a strategy can be attained if health officials have a deep understanding of how climate variability affects human health and if the resources available for the health care sector are sufficient. This study assessed the perceptions an
The research explores the protections provided for migrant domestic workers who are highly undervalued and often exposed to trafficking, despite comprising an integral part of the labour force worldwide. Saudi Arabia is a focus destination country for the study, as it emerged from among the top destination countries absorbing 61 percent of recorded Ethiopian migrant domestic workers. Despite such
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. BACKGROUND: Visual rating of postural orientation during functional tasks may be a valuable tool to track rehabilitation progress following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. A valid test battery assessing postural orientation as a separate construct is lacking. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate measurement properties of a test battery to assess postural orientatio
Fully localised solitary waves are travelling-wave solutions of the three- dimensional gravity–capillary water wave problem which decay to zero in every horizontal spatial direction. Their existence has been predicted on the basis of numerical simulations and model equations (in which context they are usually referred to as ‘lumps’), and a mathematically rigorous existence theory for strong surfac
BACKGROUND: The Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease (GENIUS-CHD) consortium was established to facilitate discovery and validation of genetic variants and biomarkers for risk of subsequent CHD events, in individuals with established CHD. METHODS: The consortium currently includes 57 studies from 18 countries, recruiting 185 614 participants with either acute coronary syndrome, stable CHD
PURPOSE: Adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation and chemotherapy at progression was evaluated in 162 patients in a prospective randomized multicenter study. We also evaluated DNA-measurements as an additional prognostic factor.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients received adjuvant carboplatin AUC 7 every 28 days for six courses (n = 81) or no adjuvant treatment (n = 81). Eligibility included surgicall
Background: Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to simple sugars at commercial scale is hampered by the high cost of saccharifying enzymes. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) may hold the key to overcome economic barriers. Recent studies have shown that controlled activation of LPMOs by a continuous H2O2 supply can boost saccharification yields, while overdosing H2O2 may lea
We demonstrate that finite impulse response (FIR) models can be applied to analyze the time evolution of an epidemic with its impact on deaths and healthcare strain. Using time series data for COVID-19-related cases, ICU admissions and deaths from Sweden, the FIR model gives a consistent epidemiological trajectory for a simple delta filter function. This results in a consistent scaling between the
During epileptic seizures, neuronal network activity is hyper synchronized whereby GABAergic parvalbumin-interneurons may have a key role. Previous studies have mostly utilized 4-aminopyridine to induce epileptiform discharges in brain slices from healthy animals. However, it is not clear if the seizure-triggering ability of parvalbumin-interneurons also holds true without the use of external conv
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is frequent in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with 2 different phenotypes: isolated postcapillary PH (IpcPH) and, with the worst prognosis, combined pre- and postcapillary PH (CpcPH). The aims of the present echocardiography study were to investigate (1) the ability to identify PH phenotype in patients with HFrEF using the
PURPOSE: Although numerous biology-driven subtypes have been described previously in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), unsupervised molecular subtyping based on gene expression has been less studied, especially using large cohorts. Thus, we sought to identify the intrinsic molecular subtypes of mCRPC and assess molecular and clinical correlates in the largest combined cohort
Background: Limited evidence exists for effect modification of genetic characteristics on the associations of food consumption and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether the food-T2D association would vary by genetic susceptibility to metabolic traits. Methods: We analyzed data from 9542 incident T2D cases and a subcohort of 12,477 participants nested within th
Background Elevated troponin levels are a sensitive biomarker for cardiac injury. The quick and reliable prediction of troponin elevation for patients with chest pain from readily available ECGs may pose a valuable time-saving diagnostic tool during decision-making concerning this patient population. Methods and results The data used included 15 856 ECGs from patients presenting to the emergency r
Background: The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) platforms has rapidly increased. The number of B-lines present on lung ultrasound (LUS) serve as a useful tool for the assessment of pulmonary congestion. Interpretation, however, requires experience and therefore AI automation has been pursued. This study aimed to test the agreement between the AI
Lean, premixed, swirl-stabilized flames are widely used in modern Dry Low Emissions gas turbine combustors; however, the turbulent combustion process under those conditions is known to be extremely sensitive and prone to instabilities. Numerical simulations can be a valuable tool in predicting the effects of alternative fuels; however, the sensitivity of the results to different models ought to be
The combustion of conventional Jet A, alongside two alternative jet fuels, C1 and C5, is simulated with Large Eddy Simulations (LES) in a generic single-cup spray combustor during idle and cruise conditions. The spray is modeled using Lagrangian particle tracking and the combustion chemistry of each fuel is modeled by skeletal reaction mechanisms. The volatility and atomizability of each fuel dire
