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Polymorphisms associated with prostate cancer include those in three genes encoding major secretory products of the prostate: KLK2 (encoding kallikrein-related peptidase 2; hK2), KLK3 (encoding prostate-specific antigen; PSA), and MSMB (encoding beta-microseminoprotein). PSA and hK2, members of the kallikrein family, are elevated in sera of men with prostate cancer. In a comprehensive analysis tha

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Our aim was to study whether glycaemic control differs between individuals with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and patients with type 2 diabetes, and whether it is influenced by time on insulin therapy. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 372 patients with LADA (205 men and 167 women; median age 54 years, range 35-80 years) from Swedish cohorts from Skåne (

Background: Lead time (LT) is of key importance in early detection of cancer, but cannot be directly measured. We have previously provided LT estimates for prostate cancer (PCa) using archived blood samples from cohorts followed for many years without screening. Objective: To determine the association between LT and PCa grade at diagnosis to provide an insight into whether grade progresses or is s

The case for competition in health-care markets rests on economic models in which providers seek to maximize profits. However, little is known regarding how public health-care providers, who might not have a profit motive, react to increased competition from private providers. This study considers the heterogeneous effects of a primary health-care reform in a Swedish region that considerably loose

Folkesundhed – bag om intentioner og strategier stiller skarpt på de eksisterende sundhedsforståelser i Danmark samt de rammer, tiltag og inventioner, som aktuelt udspiller sig med sigte på at styrke folkesundheden.Bogens hovedsigte er danne at grundlag for og inspiration til nuancerede og kritiske refleksioner over de aktuelle folkesundhedspraksisser og -strategier. Bogen belyser bl.a. medicinske

Background: Vitamin D has been suggested to prevent and improve the prognosis of several cancers, including breast cancer. We have previously shown a U-shaped association between pre-diagnostic serum levels of vitamin D and risk of breast cancer-related death, with poor survival in patients with the lowest and the highest levels respectively, as compared to the intermediate group. Vitamin D exerts

A large portion of atmospheric aerosol particles consists of secondary material produced by oxidation reactions. The relative importance of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can increase with improved emission regulations. A relatively simple way to study potential particle formation in the atmosphere is by using oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) which simulate atmospheric ageing. Here we report on the

Objective: This study assessed a national healthcare intervention launched in Sweden in 2015 to reduce the time between macroscopic haematuria, diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract cancer. Methods: The outcome of the first 11 months was evaluated in 1697 individuals referred to a standardized care pathway for urinary tract cancer compared with 174 patients with conventionally diagnosed urothel

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore next of kin’s experiences of information and their information needs after the patient’s discharge for colorectal cancer surgery.Methods: Sixteen next of kin were interviewed twice during the first seven weeks after the patient’s discharge from hospital. The interviews were analysed through qualitative content analysis.Results: The participants in t

Androgen ablating drugs increase life expectancy in men with metastatic prostate cancer, but resistance inevitably develops. In a majority of these recurrent tumors, the androgen axis is reactivated in the form of increased androgen receptor (AR) expression. Targeting proteins that are expressed as a down-stream effect of AR activity is a promising rationale for management of this disease. The hum

The nursing process can be viewed as a problem-solving model, but we do not know whether use of the whole process including care plans with interventions based on nursing diagnoses improves nurses' ability to carry out assessments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to illuminate and describe the assessment and decision-making process performed by nurses who formulated individual care plans incl

Background: In an intensive care unit (ICU), privacy and proximity are reported to be important needs of dying patients and their family members. It is assumed that good communication between the ICU team and families about end‐of‐life decisions improves the possibilities of meeting families’ needs, thus guaranteeing a dignified and peaceful death in accordance with end‐of‐life care guidelines. Th

Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening reduces prostate cancer deaths but leads to harm from overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Objective: To determine the long-term risk of prostate cancer mortality using kallikrein blood markers measured at baseline in a large population of healthy men to identify men with low risk for prostate cancer death. Design, setting, participants: Study base

The tight junction protein claudin-4 has been reported to be overexpressed in advanced ovarian cancer. We investigated the prognostic significance of claudin-4 overexpression and whether claudin-4 expression could predict platinum response in primary ovarian carcinoma (OC). Claudin-4 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray of 140 OCs. Multivariable Cox-regression mo

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: There is an insufficient number of reliable prognostic and response predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) management. In a previous study, we found that high tumour tissue expression of tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) correlated with liver metastasis and an impaired prognosis in CRC. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic validity of ser

BACKGROUND: High expression of the RNA-binding protein RBM3 has previously been found to be associated with good prognosis in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, malignant melanoma and colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic impact of immunohistochemical RBM3 expression in prostate cancer. FINDINGS: Immunohistochemical RBM3 expression was examined in a tissue microarray

To determine intra- and interobserver reliability of the appearance and measurements of Cesarean hysterotomy scars using transvaginal ultrasound with and without saline contrast sonohysterography (SCSH) in non-pregnant women.

Angiosarcoma is a rare complication of breast cancer treatment. In order to define predictors, clinical presentation, and outcome, we characterized a population-based 50-year cohort of angiosarcomas after breast cancer. Clinical data were collected from all females with previous breast cancer who developed angiosarcomas/lymphangiosarcomas on the thoracic wall/upper extremity between 1958 and 2008