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Three-dimensional (3D), city models have been applied in a variety of fields. One of the main problems in 3D city model utilization, however, is the large volume of data. In this paper, a method is proposed to generalize the 3D building objects in 3D city models at different levels of detail, and to combine multiple Levels of Detail (LODs) for a progressive distribution and visualization of the ci
This paper presents a link adaptive processor to perform low-complexity channel estimation and QR decomposition (QRD) in Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) receivers. The processor utilizes frequency domain correlation of the propagation channel to adaptively avoid unnecessary computations in the received signal processing, achieving significant complexity reduction with negligible performance l
Buildings are one of the largest consumers of energy and materials, and hence they are also one of the largest contributors to negative environmental impacts. Traditionally, energy consumed by buildings during their operation phase was the most significant in their lifecycles and far exceeded the embodied energy. However, in contemporary low-energy buildings, the embodied energy is proportionally
We address H-infinity state feedback and give a simple form for an optimal control law applicable to linear time invariant systems with symmetric and Hurwitz state matrix. More specifically, the control law as well as the minimal value of the norm can be expressed in the matrices of the system's state space representation, given separate cost on state and control input. Thus, the control law is tr
Since the 1990s, the low number of students choosing to study science and technology in higher education has been on the societal agenda and many initiatives have been launched to promote awareness regarding career options. The initiatives particularly focus on increasing enrolment in the engineering programmes. This article describes and compares eight European initiatives that have been establis
France is traditionally a staging area for Greylag Geese Anser anser migrating fromnorthwest Europe to wintering sites in Spain, though increasing numbers havewintered in France over the last three decades. This paper considers sightings withinFrance of neck-banded individuals marked elsewhere in Europe since the 1980s, todetermine the origin of Greylag Geese staging and now wintering in the count
Aims. Helium-like ions provide an important X-ray spectral diagnostics in astrophysical and high-temperature fusion plasmas. An interpretation of the observed spectra provides information on temperature, density, and chemical compositions of the plasma. Such an analysis requires information for a wide range of atomic parameters, including energy levels and transition rates. Our aim is to provide a
Background: Resilience has been shown to be protective against alcohol use disorders (AUDs), but the magnitude and nature of the relationship between these 2 phenotypes are not clear. The aim of this study was to examine the strength of this relationship and the degree to which it results from common genetic or common environmental influences. Methods: Resilience was assessed on a 9-point scale du
Despite the efforts to reduce its water consumption, the food industry still requires large amounts of water. Membrane processes have established themselves in the food industry at the beginning of the water loop for preparation of the intake water and at the end water loop for recovery and final treatment of the water. The focus of this paper is on two application studies related to water recover
Introduction: Hip fractures are commonly diagnosed by plain radiography. When a patient presents with negative radiographs and high clinical suspicion of fracture, guidelines recommend proceeding with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose the patient. The aim of this study was to assess the use of MRI in diagnosing hip fractures following trauma to the hip and describe clinical outcome afte
The objective of this paper is to identify local aspects of technological learning in the deployment of solar photovoltaic (PV), a globally important form of distributed energy technology. We review literature in the economics of innovation and economic geography to identify the need for local learning when adopting new technologies and seek evidence on the local aspects of learning processes in t
WNT5A is a secreted, noncanonical WNT signaling protein that has been reported to promote progression of several types of cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma. Many WNT5A antibodies are available commercially for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis. Validation of the primary antibodies, however, is often neglected. We characterized antibodies for detecting WNT5A by IHC a
The staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are secreted by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and are the most common causative agent in staphylococcal food poisoning. The staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) has been associated with large staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks, but newer identified SEs, like staphylococcal enterotoxin H (SEH) has recently been shown to be present at similar levels as S
Context. With the aid of stellar abundance analysis, it is possible to study the galactic formation and evolution. Magnesium is an important element to trace the α-element evolution in our Galaxy. For chemical abundance analysis, such as magnesium abundance, accurate and complete atomic data are essential. Inaccurate atomic data lead to uncertain abundances and prevent discrimination between diffe
This study offers a method for empirically testing theories operationalized in the form of multivariate statistical models. An innovation of the method is that it distinguishes testing into three separate forms, “effect testing,” “prediction testing,” and “theory testing,”where statistical significance plays a separate role in each one. In another innovation, the researcher specifies not only his
Toll-like receptor-4 activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the expression of interferon-P (IFN-beta) in a MyD88-independent manner. Here we report that mice devoid of the JAK protein tyrosine kinase family member, Tyk2, were resistant to shock induced by high doses of LPS. Basal and LPS-induced expression of IFN-beta and IFN-alpha4 mRNA in Tyk2-null macrophages were diminished. However, T
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system, characterized by focal inflammatory lesions with demyelination and axonal loss. It is believed that MS is an immune-mediated disorder with both genetic and environmental contributions to the pathogenesis. Interferons (IFNs) are naturally occurring proteins known to have antiviral, antiproliferative and immunoregulatory eff
