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Popular Abstract in Swedish Den genetiska variation som finns i en population är inte slumpmässigt fördelad mellan olika delar av genomet. I stället beror den på populationens historia och faktorer som selektion och populationsstruktur. Det har visat sig hos människa att samband som finns mellan sjukdomsalleler och andra genetiska markörer kan användas för att hitta gener. I många organismer finnRecently there has been a lot of interest in the use of liknage disequilibrium (LD) in genome wide scans for new genes, so called association mapping. Of crucial importance to a genome wide scan for associations between genetic markers and the trait of interest is the extent of LD, as it determines both how closely a trait can be mapped and also how many markers is needed to map it. Most outbreedi

While traditionally treated separately, the research disciplines dealing with electromagnetic fields respectively continuum mechanics are naturally connected. Not only are the basic equations formulated in a similar way, but the presence of electromagnetic fields affect the balance equations of continuum mechanics and likewise, the presence of material continua affect the electromagnetic fields

Testing is used to ensure high quality chip production. High test quality implies the application of high quality test data; however, the technology development has lead to a need of an increasing test data volume to ensure high test quality. The problem is that the test data volume has to fit the limited memory of the ATE (Automatic Test Equipment). In this paper, we propose a test data truncatio

The overall aim was to investigate chronic pain, quality of life and factors associated with pain as well as with quality of life among older people, aged 75 years and above. Further, the aim was to investigate the use of methods for pain management and their effects for those with pain and in need of help for daily living. Data were collected from a larger population study and in the first study

The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is the third alternative for combustion in the reciprocating engine. Here a homogeneous charge is used as in a spark-ignited engine, but the charge is compressed to autoignition as in a diesel. The main difference compared with the Spark Ignition (SI) engine is the lack of flame propagation and hence the independence from turbulence. Compared with

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling har sin upprinnelse i utvecklingen av en metod för datorvisualis-ering och en metod för participativ ingenjörskonst. De två metoderna är intimt förknippade med varandra och benämns tillsammans “Computer Visualization in Participatory Engineering” (VIPE), något som på svenska skulle kunna benämnas ”Datorvisualisering för Participativ Ingenjörsvetenskap”.This thesis tells the initiation story of a computer visualization methodology and a participatory engineering methodology. The two methodologies are tightly coupled and for the purpose of this thesis, as a unit, named Computer Visualization in Par-ticipatory Engineering (VIPE). VIPE aims at a concurrent focus on technical and economical as well as ergonomic demands, by means of advancing communic

The use of bio-fuels is becoming more important because of the environmental benefits associated with these fuels. Deactivation of SCR catalysts applied in bio-fuel plants is a major problem due to the high potassium content of bio-fuels and therefore, great potential lies in finding regeneration processes that can be used commercially. Exposing the catalyst surface to sulphate groups generated by

Popular Abstract in Swedish Glatt muskulatur är nödvändig för funktionen hos de flesta inre organ såsom blodkärl, tarmar, gallblåsa, livmoder, urin och luftvägar. I artärer bildar glatta muskelceller ett cirkulärt lager, som skiljs från blodet genom ett tunt endotelcellslager. Muskelns främsta uppgift är att kontrollera blodkärlens diameter, och därmed blodflödet till de vävnader som de försörjer.Intracellular Ca²⁺ is a key regulator of vascular contractility, and thereby of blood perfusion and pressure. Ca²⁺ signals are essential also for cell migration, proliferation and regulation of numerous enzymes. Besides producing vascular contraction smooth muscle cells may also modulate to a synthetic phenotype and proliferate as an initial stage in the atherosclerotic proce

Certain things, like justice, have impersonal value, other things, like your children, carry personal values: they have value for you. Besides whatever value, period, they have, they are valuable to you. The philosophical as well as non-philosophical literature is inundated with suggestions about the kinds of thing that are good-for us or, if it is a negative personal value, what is bad-for us. Fo

Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med denna studie är att försöka förklara varför araméen Laban, vilken i Bibeln (Genesis) framstår som en ganska harmlös bifigur, i rabbinsk litteratur i allmänhet betraktas som en av Jakobs och därmed Israels stora fiender. Avhandlingen hävdar att bilden av Laban som en skurk utvecklats som ett resultat av rabbinsk hermeneutik och att de egenskaper som tillskrivsThis study attempts to answer the question of why Laban the Aramean, a rather harmless character as presented in the biblical text, is generally portrayed in rabbinic literature as a major enemy of Jacob and Israel. It is argued that the portrait of Laban as a villain developed as a result of rabbinic hermeneutics, and that the characteristics which are attributed to him in rabbinic literature wer

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of how patients experience their health problems and how they can generate innovative ideas about health care services. The research questions that guide the present study are: how can solicited diaries be used for capturing patient ideas? What type of data is generated from solicited diaries used for generating patient ideas? And

The main pathological feature in Parkinson's disease is the progressive loss of dopamine neurons in the midbrain, which in turn leads to the appearance of motor deficits such as akinesia/bradykinesia (loss/slowness of movements), rigidity, postural imbalance and tremor. To this day, there is no cure for the disease, but there are medications to relieve the symptoms. The gold standard medication is

Popular Abstract in Swedish Skatteparadis och lågskatteländer utövar en stark dragningskraft på inkomsterna i världen. En bidragande orsak till det förhållandet är att den skattskyldige kan undgå eller minska sin skatt på inkomster, som överföres till sådana länder. Ett sätt att minska skatten är att skattskyldig med hemvist i högskatteland äger bolag med hemvist i skatteparadis eller lågskattelanThis thesis on international tax law deals with the topic Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) legislation, in relation to the international right to tax, international tax law, neutral taxation and taxation according to the taxpayer´s ability to pay. The Organisation for European Cooperation and Development (OECD)has recommended to all member-states that they incorporate CFC legislation into thei

Politicians and policy-makers, as well as modellers, often nurses an expectation that model derived results is an objective source of information that can be used to support decisions. However, several prerequisites have to be dealt with in order to ensure that models can be used as legitimate and efficient tools in water resource management. Based on empirical material from recent studies on the

Bed joint reinforcement consisting of unprotected carbon steel was widely used to bridge windows and other openings in post-war brick buildings in the Scandinavian countries. Today, cracking caused by reinforcement corrosion constitute an increasing technical and economic problem, since removal of the corroding reinforcement can be both labour intensive and costly. Retrofitting measures are usuall

Large volumes of data from satellite sensors with high time-resolution exist today, e.g. Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), calling for efficient data processing methods. TIMESAT is a free software package for processing satellite time-series data in order to investigate problems related to global change and monitoring of veg

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess how technology-based university research drives innovation in Europe and China. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws on extensive theoretical research and literature reviews, and presents a framework based on theories on networking, knowledge creation and innovation. It then introduces three European cases to illustrate practical appli

Context Background Globalisation, increasing product complexity, volatile demand, and financial crisis all put strains on the supply, processing, and distribution of goods. That’s why supply chain management has become the area to focus on to gain competitive advantages and reduce costs. Saint-Gobain Sekurit Scandinavia (SGSS) is part of a large global French enterprise, Saint-Gobain that’s a worl

Häktning och restriktioner anses vara de mest ingripande personella tvångsmedel som kan användas mot den misstänkte. Det anses nödvändigt att åklagaren under förundersökning och brottmålsprocessen kan använda sig av straffprocessuella tvångsmedel för att lösa brott. Här skapas en spänning mellan statens möjligheter till effektiv brottsutredning och den enskildes krav på att tvångsåtgärder inte tilDetention and restrictions are the most coercive measures that can affect the suspect. It is considered necessary that the prosecutor during preliminary investigation and criminal trial procedure can use coercive measures to solve crimes. Here emerges a tension between the state´s opportunities to effective criminal investigation and the individual’s requirements that coercive measures are not app