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Objective: Cord blood islet autoantibodies in children born to mothers with type 1 diabetes may be associated with a reduced risk of islet autoimmunity and diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate in children with type 1 diabetes but born to non-diabetic mothers whether islet autoantibodies at birth affected their presence at diagnosis. Patients and methods: Serum samples at birth and at
OBJECTIVES: Environmental factors such as a high-fat diet contribute to type 2 diabetes and obesity. This study examined glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and β-cell function after switching from a high-fat diet to a low-fat diet in mice. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet or low-fat diet for 18 months, after which mice on the high-fat diet either maintained this diet or switched to a lo
BACKGROUND: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) contracts the wound and alters the microvascular blood flow in the wound edge, which may be crucial in promoting wound healing. The aim of the present study was to examine these biological effects in the wound edge using different types of wound fillers. METHODS: Wounds were created on the backs of pigs and filled with green foam, black foam or g
OBJECTIVE: Sepsis and septic shock are major challenges and economic burdens to healthcare, impacting millions of people globally and representing significant causes of mortality. Recently, a large number of quality improvement programs focused on sepsis resuscitation bundles have been instituted worldwide. These educational initiatives have been shown to be associated with improvements in clinica
For researchers studying wildlife distributions of the past, the assignment of faunal depictions and remains to species can often present considerable challenges. Regrettably, many studies do not systematically consider all options and sources of evidence and, as a result, questionable identifications are widespread in the literature, which compromises the trustworthiness of meta-analyses of human
Object. Acromegaly is a disease that has significant morbidity and mortality related to high levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and is usually caused by pituitary adenomas. The goal in this study was to investigate the role of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery and surgical experience in the treatment of GH adenoma cases in relation to surgical results and horm
Over the past two decades, caesarean section rates have been steadily increasing with rates are now approaching 55% in some European countries. While caesarean section remains one of the most critical obstetric interventions, often lifesaving for both mother and newborn, it also carries significant risks for maternal and neonatal health. The growing reliance on caesarean birth is further linked to
HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) is a tumoricidal complex consisting of partially unfolded protein and fatty acid, and was first identified in casein fractions of human breast milk. The complex can be produced from its pure components through a modified chromatographic procedure where pre-applied oleic acid binds with partially-unfolded alpha-lactalbumin on the stationar
Several yeast species, usually engineered by humans in order to produce compounds of biotechnological interests, are currently used as cellular factories. This thesis presents two main themes. In the first, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for bio-ethanol production from lignocellulose hydrolysates and in the second Pichia pastoris is used for the heterologous expression of human ameloblastin. Th
In the beginning of the 1990s, Sweden experienced an economic recession. The unemployment rate increased significantly and the proportion of young adults receiving social assistance rose dra-matically. In response, municipalities initiated local intervention programs aimed at reducing the number of young social assistance recipients. In 2005, this population had decreased. However, the organizatio
This study investigates the relationship between student influence and academic self-efficacy in a sample of 275 students in two Master’s programmes in Engineering. Students in only one of the programmes studied according to problem-based learning (PBL). Results indicate that students choosing strategies to influence course content or structure, through course evaluation and recommending changes t
Barriers to healthcare for men who have sex with men (MSM) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are rooted in stigma and discrimination against MSM fuelled by the criminalization of homosexuality. These barriers are influenced by factors involving MSM and the healthcare workers (HCWs). MSM are uncomfortable disclosing their identities and conceal symptoms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especial
The COVID-19 pandemic placed health sectors across the world under great pressure in terms of acute care and infection control. Policies responding to the latter led to a change in working practices among health practitioners, including nurses. The changes included establishing new patterns and protocols of risk work to mitigate infection risk in hospitals, but these new ways of working were somew
In this study, we investigate for the first time the efficiency of an environmentally sustainable extraction technique (pressurized liquid extraction, PIE) in conjunction with a fast separation technique (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, UHPLC) coupled to a selective mass spectrometry (MS) detector (quadrupole time-of-flight, qTOF) to extract, separate and quantify fifteen intact-gluc
Because new modes of action for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are emerging, it is important to understand the use of switching to a second or third antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agent. This study investigated drug survival and treatment response rates of patients with PsA undergoing second- and third-line anti-TNF therapy.
Objective: We have previously shown the capacity of tenascin-C (TN-C) to induce inflammatory mediators and matrix degradation in vitro in human articular cartilage. The objective of the present study was to follow TN-C release into knee synovial fluid after acute joint injury or in joint disease, and to correlate TN-C levels with markers of cartilage matrix degradation and inflammation. Method: Hu
Global public-private partnerships for sustainable development have been framed as new instruments that can increase the democratic credentials and effectiveness of global governance. This article revisits 10 years of scholarship and practice of the 348 Johannesburg partnerships, adopted at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development and reaffirmed at the UN Rio+20 summit in 2012. The article
