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Background Screening for cervical cancer based on testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) increases the sensitivity of detection of high-grade (grade 2 or 3) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, but whether this gain represents overdiagnosis or protection against future high-grade cervical epithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer is unknown. Methods In a population-based screening program in Sweden,

The new challenge for a construction project management is to meet the demands of sustainable construction, defined by ecological, economical, social and cultural variables. During a facilities lifecycle various activities involves a significant number of stakeholders. It could be those stakeholders who directly are involved, e.g. architects, facility managers or users, and those who more or less

Popular Abstract in Swedish Nanotekniken håller i skrivande stund på att revolutionera samhället med nya innovationer inom exempelvis elektronik och medicin. En viktig del i detta är utvecklingen av nya och förbättrade sätt att avbilda strukturer av nanometerstorlek (en nanometer är en miljarddels meter). Avancerade karakteriseringsmetoder skapar en ökad förståelse för hur nanostrukturer beter sigUltrafast nano-optics is a new and quickly evolving research field centred around the control, manipulation, and application of light on a nanometre and femtosecond scale. This can lead to improved electro-optical devices, more sensitive spectroscopy, and real-time control of chemical reactions. However, understanding the simultaneous nanometre and femtosecond evolution of nano-optical fields requ

Popular Abstract in Swedish Betydelsen av tryckinducerad syrgastransport hos övervattensväxter Min avhandling handlar om vikten av att syrgas transporteras till rötter och rhizom hos övervattensväxter som bladvass, kaveldun och säv. Syrgas behövs för cellandningen i alla växtdelar, och i synnerhet i rötterna då de växer fort och har hög ämnesomsättning. Övervattensväxter har rötterna i vattendränThis thesis examines factors regulating growth and distribution of emergent plants with focus on effects of oxygen supply to the roots. Greenhouse experiments revealed that P. australis acclimatizes to specific water depths with phenotypic plasticity. These phenotypic responses act to increase growth at specific water depths but may result in decreased tolerance to changed water depth. Oxygen nee

Post-silicon validation and debug, or ensuring that software executes correctly on the silicon of a multi-processor system-on-chip (MPSOC) is complicated, as it involves checking global properties that are distributed on the chip. In this paper we define an architecture to non-intrusively observe global properties at run time using distributed monitors. The architecture enables to perform actions

Voltage collapse was one of the main causes for many recent blackouts. The direct link between voltage stability and reactive power balance in the system leads to more attention toward reactive power resources in the power systems. Shunt reactors and capacitors are used to balance reactive power in the power systems. The strategy to control them in both normal and emergency conditions is an import

Popular Abstract in Swedish Behandling med radionuklidterapi baseras på radioaktiva läkemedel, d.v.s. läkemedel som i sig består av ett radioaktivt ämne, eller som kopplats till en radionuklid. Den strålningsenergi som avges vid de radioaktiva sönderfallen absorberas i vävnad och ger en lokalt absorberad stråldos där läkemedlet tas upp. Viktigt är härvid att upptaget är högre i patologisk vävnad äIndividual-based determinations of the absorbed dose in radionuclide therapy largely rely on absolute measurement of the activity distribution and its redistribution over time. Scintillation-camera imaging is the most commonly employed measuring technique, applied in planar or SPECT mode, sometimes in combination with structural images from CT. In this thesis, methods for processing and analysis o

Popular Abstract in Swedish Elektroencefalogrammet (EEG), dvs mätning av potentialer på skalpen, är en relativt enkel och gammal teknik för att studera hjärnans aktivitet. Trots de stora framstegen inom s k brain-mapping-tekniker på senare år (magnetröntgen, PET, SPECT), är EEG fortfarande ett viktigt verktyg för diagnos. En av dess fördelar gentemot andra tekniker är dess fina tidsupplösning. EtThe thesis treats methods for pattern recognition in multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, for application to diagnostics of epilepsy. Parts I-IV treat methods for feature extraction and clustering of EEG spikes, occurring between epileptic seizures, and part V presents a method for filtering seizure onset EEG signals. In part I, Hermite functions are used for parametric description of

Jobbgarantin för ungdomar (UGA) står i linje med en utvecklingstendens på den svenska arbetsmarknadspolitiken som i allt större utsträckning satsar på en intensifierad förmedling, istället för insatser som syftar till att höja ungdomars kompetens. Detta står i kontrast mot samhällvetenskapliga koncept om arbetsmarknadens utveckling, som även kan konstateras i Sverige: en ökad tjänsteorientering oc

The topic of the thesis is re-initialization of multistep methods for the solution of ordinary differential equations, in which there are frequent discontinuities in first or higher derivatives. There are self-starting algorithms to start or restart a multistep method. It is normally started by first using a one-step method and then increasing the order successively until the working order is reac

Under 1990-talet genomfördes flera omdiskuterade humanitära interventioner. De som var kritiska hävdade att interventionerna var en oacceptabel kränkning av suveränitetsprincipen. Förespråkare menade att respekten för mänskliga rättigheter var ett viktigare intresse att skydda. 2001 släpptes en rapport som fick stor betydelse för den globala utvecklingen på området. I rapporten lanserades koncepteDuring the 1990s there were several controversial humanitarian interventions. Critics argued that the interventions were an unacceptable violation of the principle of sovereignty. Proponents argued that the respect for human rights was an interest of more importance. In 2001 a report that was of great importance for the continued global development was released. The report launched the concept of

One of the main contributors in the immune system are T cells. The exact molecular mechanisms behind T cell activation are not yet fully understood but it starts through the contact between the T cell and an infected cell. In order to study such interaction, supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are used to mimic cell membranes and to reduce its complexity but still retaining the fundamental property of

This thesis explores the possibility of framing the problem of setting prices for consumer loans on loan comparison sites as a Multi-Armed Bandit Problem. The problem is solved by creating a Multi-Armed Bandit environment based on SEB:s expert knowledge of the problem. Different Multi-Armed Bandit algorithms are then compared in a stationary environment after which the best performing algorithm is