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Popular Abstract in Swedish Det största bidraget till komplexitet i kemiska system kommer inte från de kemiska komponenternas molekulära struktur, utan deras växelverkan med varandra. Vi har mycket större kännedom om molekylär struktur i biologiska celler och organismer än om detaljerna i deras växelverkan. Ändå är det precis växelverkan mellan molekyler som utgör alla biologiska processer i grundThis thesis concentrates on the development, synthesis and evaluation of supramolecular systems, assembled from its components by means of hydrogen bonding, using the self-complementary 2-pyridone motif. The thesis is divided in two parts. 1) Supramolecular catalysis: Substrate selectivity is imposed on a derivative of Jacobsen's catalyst, an Mn(salen) complex with 2-quinolone hydrogen-bonding gr

Popular Abstract in Swedish Svampmycel i marken hämtar sin energi både från levande och dött organiskt material. Vissa svampar hämtar energi direkt från levande växter genom att bilda en symbios som kallas mykorrhiza. Arbuskulär mykorrhiza (AM) är en sådan typ som bildas av svampar som inte kan leva utan värdväxter. AM-svamp hämtar sin energi från rötter, samtidigt tar svampen upp viktiga växtnäriArbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonise a wide range of plant species and are especially common in soils with a relatively high pH, where phosphorus availability is a limiting factor for primary production. The aim of this thesis was to study the ecophysiology of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi when exposed to different environments. Development of AM fungi and their host plants were investig

Popular Abstract in Swedish Atomkärnan består av protoner och neutroner, gemensamt kallade nukleoner, vilka hålls samman via den starka kärnkraften. Denna är emellertid inte den enda aktiva kraften i atomkärnan, utan även Coulomb växelverkan mellan de positivt elektriskt laddade protonerna är närvarande. I frånvaro av Coulomb växelverkan skulle protonens och neutronens egenskaper vara väldigt likaHigh-spin states in the A=35 mirror nuclei 35Ar and 35Cl and A=51 mirror nuclei 51Fe and 51Mn were populated using fusion-evaporation reactions. The gamma rays were detected in the powerful Ge arrays Gammasphere and GASP, respectively, which operated in conjunction with ancillary detectors for evaporated particles. The resulting mirror energy difference diagrams of the two mirror pairs are interp

This paper focuses on the complicated matter of interpreting the use of Roman drinking vessels found in Roman Iron Age graves in Scandinavia. It will primarily build on a number of theoretical standpoints, which are believed to broaden our understanding of the presence of these vessels in the Scandinavian mortuary context, and give us alternatives to the conventional interpretations within Roman I

How malleable are people’s fairness ideals? Although fairness is an oft-invoked concept in allocation situations, it is still unclear whether and to what extent people’s allocations reflect their fairness ideals. We investigate in a laboratory experiment whether people’s fairness ideals vary with respect to changes in the order in which they undertake two allocation tasks. Participants first gener

Popular Abstract in Swedish Summary in swedish Perinatal dödlighet bland invandrare från Afrikas Horn. Vikten av erfarenhet, rationellt tänkande och traditioner vid riskbedömning av gravida invandrarkvinnor. Avhandlingen visar att barn till kvinnor i invandrargrupper från Afrika söder om Sahara (majoriteten från Somalia och Etiopien), har högre perinatal dödlighet jämfört med barn till svenska kThis thesis is an exploration of the possible effects of maternal country of origin on the risk of perinatal mortality (PNM). Increased risk of PNM was found among infants of foreign-born women delivering in a Swedish hospital between 1990-1995. After adjustment for risk factors, however, the finding only held true for a subgroup of women from Ethiopia and Somalia (ES). In searching for the mecha

Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva och utvärdera en behandlingsmetod, som avser att öka gångförmågan hos lårbensamputerade. Metoden, vilken tidigare inte är prövad för den här gruppen patienter, kombinerar sjukgymnastiska metoder, huvudsakligen använda inom psykiatrin, med vedertagna ortopediska och biomekaniska behandlingsprinciper. Den syftar till att öka kroppsmA gait re-education programme, combining physiotherapy with a psychologically conscious therapeutic approach, was applied to nine unilateral transfemoral amputees, whose amputation was caused by trauma or tumour. The participants trained once a week for a mean 10 months. The median age was 33 years (range 16– 51). They had worn a prosthesis for more than 18 months and had completed conventional re

Receptors of the 5-HT2C subtype are assumed to be involved in the influence of serotonin on food intake. A polymorphism in the coding region of the gene for this receptor, resulting in a cysteine to serine substitution, has been reported. Fifty-seven somatically healthy teenage girls displaying weight loss and 91 normal-weight girls of the same age, all recruited by means of a population-based scr

Energy security has become a key priority in EU policy but climate change mitigation commitments live on in parallel. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the extent to which EU climate change mitigation policies and energy security policies are coherent – a relationship that is far from clear cut since both areas are both complex and wide ranging. We use a simple policy-analytical framework fo

Popular Abstract in Swedish Patienter med diabetes mellitus har högt blodsocker. Insulin reglerar blodsockervärdena. Redan i slutet av 1800 talet föreslogs att skulle det finnas två olika typer av diabetes, den ena beroende på bristande insulinbildning, den andra beroende på bristande insulineffekt. I början av 1900 talet utvecklades insulinframställningen. Observationer av blodsockernivåerna i blThe Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS) registers diabetes in young adults aged 15-34 years in Sweden. This thesis aims to validate the ascertainment, methods in the classification of diabetes, and putative etiological factors such as family background, psychological stress, and BMI, that may affect the incidence of diabetes in young adults, in the DISS registry. The capture-recapture method

Electronic commerce (E-commerce) is one of the issues that are expected to influence the various logistics and supply chain processes/operations including: production, packaging, warehousing, transportation, etc. Consequently, the environmental implications of E-commerce are of concern and interest. In this regard, there are some pilot studies, but they are unable to deliver conclusions or general