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There are ongoing questions about the most effective wavelength for photobiomodulation (PBM) on major salivary glands due to the specific anatomical location and unique optical properties of the tissues surrounding the glands. The aim of this study was to analyze the photon propagation in the major salivary glands region of humans and rats using Monte Carlo (MC) stochastic simulation. Phantoms wer
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by β-amyloid (βA) accumulation, neuroinflammation, excessive synaptic pruning, and cognitive decline. Despite extensive research, effective treatments remain elusive. Here, we identify potassium channel-interacting protein 3 (KChIP3) as a key driver of AD pathology using the 5XFAD mouse model. KChIP3 levels were significan
Proteins and peptides are vital biomolecules, and deuterated amino acids are increasingly applied in areas such as drug discovery, metabolic tracing, and neutron scattering studies. In this study, we performed deuteration on all 20 proteinogenic amino acids, including their side chains, and established efficient methods for 13 amino acids. Using a Pt/C-catalyzed hydrogen–deuterium exchange reactio
The retinoblastoma gene (RB1), which is located on chromosome 13q14.2, is mutated in retinoblastoma (RB), the most common malignant intraocular tumor in children. About 8000 new cases of retinoblastoma are diagnosed globally each year, accounting for approximately 1 in 17,000 live births. RB is prototypically considered hereditary by nature as thirty to forty percent of cases have autosomal domina
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future observatory for ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides camera images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to differenti
Dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain are critical for regulating movement, cognition, and emotion. Ventral midbrain organoids can be used to model both development and diseases of the dopaminergic system, especially Parkinson’s disease. Here, we summarize recent advances and remaining challenges in developing such three-dimensional organoids from human pluripotent stem cells. We outline ho
Pancreatic (PC), colorectal (CRC), hepatocellular (HCC), and gallbladder (GC) cancers together account for nearly 20% of all cancer cases. However, specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these cancers are lacking. Diagnosing these cancers early and providing timely, appropriate treatment to improve patient outcomes is crucial. In this context, previous studies, including ours, have highli
Venetoclax-obinutuzumab (Ven-Obi) is a standard first-line therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The impact of age, fitness, and dose reductions remains unclear. We analyzed patients treated with Ven-Obi in the CLL13 and CLL14 trials, excluding patients with TP53 aberrations. Fitness was assessed using the cumulative illness rating scale (CIRS, >6) and creatinine clearance (≤70 mL
This article is devoted to analysing the design and symbolics of the Safra Square (Kikar Safra) and City Hall complex, Western Jerusalem. Built around the historic Town Hall of the British Governate, and inaugurated in 1993, the City Hall complex is strategically located along the bustling Jaffa Street, just west of the Green Line, andimmediately north of the Old City walls. This threshold locatio
This paper studies the economic impacts of land ownership concentration among the aristocratic elite in the Russian Empire. I document that areas with a higher concentration of noble land ownership were associated with lower levels of primary education during 1880–1911. Exploring the mechanisms, I show that by controlling local governments the landed elites decreased public spending on education,
This experimental study explored how adopting a deceptive stance affects linguistic processes during real-time production of multi-sentence texts in speaking and writing. Language production involves planning, monitoring and editing – processes that give rise to and are shaped by fluctuations in processing demands. Deception is assumed to influence these processes as speakers and writers manage co
Heart and lung transplantation remain the primary treatments for end-stage organ failure; yet organ shortages and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) limit their success. Extended criteria donors (ECDs) have expanded the donor pool; however, prolonged cold ischemia times increase the risk of primary graft dysfunction (PGD). Static cold storage (SCS), the standard organ preservation method, is subopt
The circular economy constitutes a paradigm shift which has proven to be both engaging and unrealistic. While scholars and practitioners have started to advocate for a move toward the circular economy, promising a full reconfiguration of underlying practices and processes, many have become disillusioned about the lack of traction and progress. The circular economy transition has fallen between uto
Chemical defences, such as the monoterpenes of conifer oleoresin, frequently occur as complex blends of many components, but the selective pressures that maintain these mixtures are not yet known. Several theories attempt to explain the existence of chemical defence mixtures in plants. However, due to limited empirical evidence, it is unclear which theories might best apply. Here, we tested the va
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted maternal, neonatal, and child health (MNCH) services in Uganda. In response, digital health tools were rapidly adopted as one of the strategies to restore service delivery. However, the experiences of MNCH professionals implementing these adaptations remain underexplored. This study aimed to explore how MNCH professionals in Uganda experienced
Renewable energy generation is a key to a sustainable future. Efforts are continuously being made to develop new technologies that improve energy harnessing in a more sustainable way. Additionally, existing systems are being improved with modern practices to increase their resilience and efficiency. However, the transition from conventional to digital energy systems brings significant cybersecurit
This paper analyzes Nahdlatul Ulama’s (NU) involvement in Indonesia's 2024 Presidential Election, focusing on the convergence of ideological and pragmatic motives. The study examines how different factions within NU align with various presidential candidates, driven by both the desire to protect Aswaja values and the need to maintain relevance in the political sphere. Using qualitative methods by
Very high spin (50-60(Latin small letter h with stroke)) states in transitional 156Dy, 159Er and 160Er nuclei have been studied using the GAMMASPHERE and EUROGAM γ-ray spectrometers. The lowest energy positive-parity bands in 156Dy are found to evolve smoothly towards an oblate shape in contrast to the sudden change observed in the neighbouring 158Er nucleus. In 159Er, the decay path of the positi
Relative properties of superdeformed bands are exploited in terms of the [effective] alignment of the valence particles. Observed and calculated quantities are compared leading to assignments of configurations and relative spins. Within one formalism, both typical differences between some bands and identity of other bands are understood.
This paper analyses the growth-inequality-poverty nexus in Tanzania. We provide a unique long-term study covering six decades of Tanzanian independence and disentangle the competing narratives concerning growth, inequality, and poverty in the country. We do this by carefully assessing the existing–and at times contradictory–data on growth, inequality, and poverty and by introducing the inequality
