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The interface of an electrolyte and cathode strongly determines the oxygen reduction reaction and cell stability, but it is susceptible to sulfur impurities like SO2 in air. In this study, a 3D solid oxide fuel cell model is developed based on experimental characterization to reveal sulfur-deactivating active cathodes. The results indicate that both the average values for electric and ionic curren
Decision-making is central to Software Product Management (SPM) and includes deciding on requirements priorities and the content of coming releases. Several algorithms for prioritization and release planning have been proposed, where humans with or without machine support enact a series of steps to produce a decision outcome. Instead of applying some specific algorithm to find an acceptable soluti
This paper presents a fully integrated 60 GHz frontend for phased array receivers. For the first time in the literature a phase controlled phased locked loop (PC-PLL) is used for beamforming at 60 GHz. The front-end performs a two stage frequency down-conversion, first from 60 GHz to 20 GHz, then from 20 GHz to quadrature baseband. Both the local oscillator signals at 20 GHz and 40 GHz are generat
Measurements of the Standard Model Higgs boson decaying into a bb¯ pair and produced in association with a W or Z boson decaying into leptons, using proton–proton collision data collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS detector, are presented. The measurements use collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13Te, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
The CKD-EPI creatinine-based estimation equation for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) cannot be used in children, overestimates GFR in young adults, and its combination with the KDIGO recommended pediatric CKiD (Schwartz bedside) equation causes implausible increases in estimated GFR when switching from pediatric to adult care. By establishing sex-specific creatinine growth curves for children and
A variable gain transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is presented featuring single-ended to differential conversion by means of negative feedback. The proposed topology also ensures stability when amplifier gain is varied. Furthermore, effective input capacitance of the TIA is reduced by using a positive capacitive feedback. The circuit is intended for intermediate frequency (IF) over fiber systems, but
Reducing the complexity of decoding algorithms for LDPC codes is an important prerequisite for their practical implementation. In this work we propose a reduction of computational complexity targeting the highly reliable codeword bits and show that this approach can be seamlessly merged with the forced convergence scheme. We also show how the minimum achievable complexity of the resulting scheme f
Two branches of gated ring oscillators (GRO) act as the delay lines in 2-dimension Vernier time-to-digital converter (TDC). The proposed architecture reduces dramatically the inherent latency of vernier structure. The already small quantization noise of the standard Vernier TDC is further first-order shaped by the GRO operation. The TDC has been simulated in 90nm CMOS technology. Operating from 50
This paper presents a robust and low-complexity non-linearity suppression scheme for radio frequency (RF) transceiver building blocks to efficiently mitigate intermodulation distortion. The scheme consists of tunable RF components assisted by an auxiliary path equipped with an adaptive digital signal processing algorithm to provide the tuning control. This proposed concept of digitally-assisted tu
In this paper, we combine practically verified results from circuit theory with communication-theoretic laws. As a result, we obtain closed-form theoretical expressions linking fundamental system design and environment parameters with the power consumption of analog front ends (AFEs) for communication receivers. This collection of scaling laws and bounds is meant to serve as a theoretical referenc
We have developed a technique to measure low-power electromagnetic fields from mm-wave devices non-intrusively by combining a metasurface, designed to absorb power and focus the radiated power in a thermally isolated region, with an infrared camera. The metasurface consists of thermally isolated elements of low mass and highly emissive material for maximal IR conversion of the incident wave. The I
Cloud RAN (C-RAN) is a promising paradigm for the next generation radio access network infrastructure, which offers centralised and coordinated base-band signal processing in a cloud-based BBU pool. This requires extremely low latency responses to achieve real-time signal processing. In this paper, we analysed the challenges to introduce cloud native model for signal processing in C-RAN. We studie
Context: Software development is moving towards a place where data about development is gathered in a systematic fashion in order to improve the practice, for example, in tuning of static code analysis. However, this kind of data gathering has so far primarily happened within organizations, which is unfortunate as it tends to favor larger organizations with more resources for maintenance of develo
BackgroundDischarge from a neonatal care unit is often experienced as a vulnerable time for parents. By communicating through digital technology, it may be possible to improve the support for parents and thereby make the transition from hospital to home less stressful.AimTo develop an eHealth device supporting the transition from hospital to home for parents with a preterm‐born child in Sweden usi
The Learning with Errors (LWE) problem receives much attention in cryptography, mainly due to its fundamental significance in post-quantum cryptography. Among its solving algorithms, the Blum-Kalai-Wasserman (BKW) algorithm, originally proposed for solving the Learning Parity with Noise (LPN) problem, performs well, especially for certain parameter settings with cryptographic importance. The BKW a
Service meshes factor out code dealing with inter-micro-service communication, such as circuit breaking. Circuit breaking actuation is currently limited to an "on/off" switch, i.e., a tripped circuit breaker will return an application-level error indicating service unavailability to the calling micro-service. This paper proposes a soft circuit breaker actuator, which returns cached data instead of
Reliability in Ricean multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels is crucial for safety related vehicle-tovehicle (V2V) applications. Due to the time variability of vehicular communication channel, it is very significant to study the temporal evolution of channel characterization criteria. We present evaluation results of the temporal evolution of the spectral efficiency from channel sounder me
This paper presents delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and angle-of-arrival statistics derived from an extensive MIMO channel measurement campaign carried out at a central frequency of 2.6GHz. The measurement scenarios include indoor-indoor, indoor-outdoor and indoor-outdoor-indoor. The results are useful for analytical and performance studies of post-3G wireless communication systems such as femt
