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To avoid over-treatment of prostate cancer patients following screening for elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, keeping patients on active surveillance has been suggested as an alternative to radical treatment. This means reoccurring visits for patients with low-grade cancer to monitor progression. The Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance (PRIAS) study was initia
Background: The motivation of birds to proceed with migration is associated with both endogenous and exogenous factors. According to their migratory situation and to the characteristics of stopover sites, birds might exhibit migratory motivation differently among sites. Although migratory motivation of migrating birds has been well stud-ied in many species, the investigation of the same species in
Static code checkers are tools that help software engineers by automatically finding defects without executing the programs. These tools contain a set of detectors that rely on static program analyses to find common programming defects or to enforce coding guidelines.While existing code checker frameworks package a rich collection of detectors, aimed at common bug defects, the effort to adapt thes
Bayesian optimization is a widely used method for optimizing expensive black-box functions, with Expected Improvement being one of the most commonly used acquisition functions. In contrast, information-theoretic acquisition functions aim to reduce uncertainty about the function's optimum and are often considered fundamentally distinct from EI. In this work, we challenge this prevailing perspective
Recent work reported that simple Bayesian optimization methods perform well for high-dimensional real-world tasks, seemingly contradicting prior work and tribal knowledge. This paper investigates the 'why'. We identify fundamental challenges that arise in high-dimensional Bayesian optimization and explain why recent methods succeed. Our analysis shows that vanishing gradients caused by Gaussian pr
This article examines how more democratic forms of state-citizen engagement can be engineered under less than favorable political conditions, through the case of the Village Development Committees under the Left Front government in West Bengal, India. Our research shows that these Committees embodied empowered participatory governance ideals and made meaningful contributions to citizens' participa
This study presents a measurement campaign with an ultra-large-scale antenna array in both Line-of-Sight (LoS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) outdoor scenarios. Measurements were conducted at a center frequency of 15 GHz with a bandwidth of 4 GHz. A virtual 40×40 planar antenna array, formed by moving a vertically-polarized bi-conical omni-directional antenna (ODA) along regularly spaced grids, was
Clog is a declarative language for describing static code checkers for C. Clog is a dialect of Datalog and adds syntactic pattern matching over the C language. We have built Clog using the MetaDL framework and the Clang C compiler frontend. The MetaDL framework supports Datalog evaluation and syntactic patterns, while the Clang frontend provides AST facts and an AST matching mechanism.We provide t
Many software language tools use declarative domain-specific languages (DDSLs) to implement parts of their functionality, such as context-free grammars for parsing or inference rules for type analysis. For interoperability and ease of use, DDSLs often rely on embedded general-purpose language (GPL) code fragments, as in the semantic actions of parser specifications, but require that these GPL frag
We propose and analyze a novel scheme based on LDPC codes for quantitative group testing. The key underlying idea is to augment the bipartite graph by introducing hidden non-binary variables to strengthen the message-passing decoder. This is achieved by grouping items into bundles of size q within the test matrix, while keeping the testing procedure unaffected. The decoder, inspired by some works
Indoor sensing is challenging because of the multi-bounce effect, spherical wavefront, and spatial nonstationarity (SNS) of the near-field effect. This paper addresses radio-based environment sensing considering these issues. Specifically, graph theory (GT) is used to model the multi-bounce propagation of the near field. In this manner, indoor reflectors/scatterers are modeled as vertices in a pro
In this paper we present some experiments on the MySQL database server. The objective of the experiments was to investigate the high load dynamics for varying relation sizes and requests. We show that the dynamics for SELECT (read) requests can be modeled as a modified M/M/1 system, whereas, the dynamics for UPDATE (write) are completely different. Our results can be used for designing control and
This thesis confronts a fundamental shortcoming in cognitive science research: a failure to be explicit about the theory of concepts underlying cognitive science research and a resulting failure to justify that theory philosophically or otherwise. It demonstrates how most contemporary debates over theories of concepts divide over whether concepts are best understood as (mental) representations or
In Sweden, as in many other European countries, government and public agencies have promoted the expansion of eHealth over the past years, arguing that this development enhances patient participation, empowerment and cost efficiency. The development is part of a more comprehensive movement, emphasizing patient’s rights including options to make far reaching decisions concerning the patient’s own c
Definition and reuse of robot instructions is still an art that requires extensive engineering, not only of the infrastructure but also of the adaptation of robot capabilities to the context and domain at hand. Technical approaches are numerous, but the lack of practical success is an indication of hidden difficulties, which we have experienced as complications over the last two decades. Based on
