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We train and compare the performance of two machine learning methods, a multi-variate regression network and a ResNet-50-based neural network, to learn and forecast plant biomass as well as the relative growth rate from a short sequence of temporal images from plants in aeroponic cultivation. The training dataset consists of images of 57 plants taken from two different angles every hour during a 5
We train and compare the performance of two different machine learning algorithms to learn changes in winter wheat production for fields from the southwest of Sweden. As input to these algorithms, we use cloud-penetrating Sentinel-1 polarimetry radar data together with respective field topography and local weather over four different years. We note that all of the input data were freely available.
The demand for an increased number of antennas at base stations is driving research on decentralized processing schemes aimed at reducing the information volume that has to be transferred to, and processed at, a central processing unit (CPU). Some of these schemes can reduce the dimensions of the data while achieving information-lossless processing with respect to centralized architectures. Howeve
Cars are nowadays being programmed to learn how to drive themselves. While autonomous cars are often portrayed as the next step in the auto-motive industry, they have already begun roaming the streets in some US cities. Building on a growing body of critical scholarship on the development of autonomous cars, we explore what machine learning is in open environments like cities by juxtaposing this t
Systems that interact with the environment around them generally run some periodic tasks. This class of systems include, among others, embedded control systems. Embedded controllers have been proven vulnerable to various security attacks, including attacks that alter sensor and actuator data and attacks that disrupt the calculation of the control signals. In this paper, we propose, and implement,
In this paper, we present a heuristic method for adapting a networked linear feedback controller to improve its robustness to timing complications, such as long delays, aborted computations, and dropped packets. The core concept of the approach is to log successful sampling and actuation events and then, at discrete time-points, use non-convex parametric optimization to improve the expected perfor
The human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) leads to maintenance of the acuity of an image on the retina and contributes to the perception of orientation during high acceleration head movements. Our objective was to determine whether vision affects the horizontal VOR by assessing and comparing the performance at the boundaries of contribution of: (a) unrestricted visual information and (b) no visual i
Microcontrollers have become an integral part of modern everyday embedded systems, such as smart bikes, cars, and drones. Typically, microcontrollers operate under real-time constraints, which require the timely execution of programs on the resource-constrained hardware. As embedded systems are becoming increasingly more complex, microcontrollers run the risk of violating their timing constraints,
Princely marriages are here seen as a key component in dynasty formation and dynasty securing. The marriages of the Danish royal house and three houses of the Empire are studied for the period c. 1530–1700. Most of them took place within what can be labelled a Scandinavian-German-Lutheran marriage sphere. It was a highly hierarchized sphere with little contact between top (royal and electoral hous
Background: The software engineering community has expressed growing concern regarding the need for more connections between research and practice. Despite the large amount of knowledge researchers generate, its impact on real-world practice is uncertain. Meanwhile, practitioners in industry often struggle to access and utilize relevant research outcomes that could inform and enhance their work.
Hydrothermal explosions are significant potential hazards in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. The northern Yellowstone Lake area hosts the three largest hydrothermal explosion craters known on Earth empowered by the highest heat flow values in Yellowstone and active seismicity and deformation. Geological and geochemical studies of eighteen sublacustrine cores provide the first detailed syn
Most recent programming languages, such as Java, Python and Ruby, include a collection framework as part of their standard library (or runtime). The Java Collection Framework provides a number of collection classes, some of which implement the same abstract data type, making them interchangeable. Developers can therefore choose between several functionally equivalent options. Since collections hav
We consider a version of the Erdős–Rothschild problem for families of graph patterns. For any fixed k≥3, let r0(k) be the largest integer such that the following holds for all 2≤r≤r0(k) and all sufficiently large n: The Turán graph Tk−1(n) is the unique n-vertex graph G with the maximum number of r-edge-colorings such that the edge set of any copy of Kk in G is rainbow. We use the regularity lemma
Migration has a global impact, but it also intersects with local and nationalissues. In 2020, 281 million people lived outside their country of birth or citizenship, according to the United Nations Global Migration Database. The number of persons displaced across international borders is increasing due to conflict, persecution, and violence. Most of the world’s refugees and asylum seekers live i
After the commercial emergence of 5G, the research community is already putting its focus on proposing innovative solutions to enable the upcoming 6G. One important lesson put forth by 5G research was that scaling up the conventional multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology by increasing the number of antennas could be extremely beneficial for effectively multiplexing data streams in the s
Dense urban morphologies further amplify extreme climate events due to the urban heat island phenomenon, rendering cities more vulnerable to extreme climate events. Here we develop a modelling framework using multi-scale climate and energy system models to assess the compound impact of future climate variations and urban densification on renewable energy integration for 18 European cities. We obse
Context. With its origin coming from several sources (Big Bang, stars, cosmic rays) and given its strong depletion during its stellar lifetime, the lithium element is of great interest as its chemical evolution in the Milky Way is not well understood at present. To help constrain stellar and galactic chemical evolution models, numerous and precise lithium abundances are necessary for a large range
In this paper, we empirically and theoretically present regenerative regional development in responsible value chains as an alternative to the prevailing traditional, neoliberal economic rationale of globalization. We develop the argument on the back of a longitudinal in-depth case study on actors’ engagement in the recurring crises in the maritime industry in Sunnmøre/Norway. The alternative pers
In recent decades, the technological innovation systems (TIS) framework has been applied to the study of technology development and diffusion. While policy is considered a key element of TIS analysis, less attention has been paid to the influence of TIS dynamics on policymaking. To better understand the coevolution between TIS and policies, this paper develop an analytical framework to highlight t
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from autoimmune destruction of β cells. Insufficient availability of biomarkers represents a significant gap in understanding the disease cause and progression. We conduct blinded, two-phase case-control plasma proteomics on the TEDDY study to identify biomarkers predictive of T1D development. Untargeted proteomics of 2,252 samples from 184 individuals identify 376 re
