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We investigated the role of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region in the specificity of autoimmunity by analysing specifically the development of sialadenitis, but also insulitis, nephritis and autoantibody production in autoimmune-prone nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice where the MHC H2g7 haplotype had been exchanged for the H2q (NOD.Q) or H2p (NOD.P) haplotype. The exchange of H2 haplotyp

IL-8 is a major human neutrophil chemoattractant at mucosal infection sites. This study examined the C-X-C chemokine response to mucosal infection, and, specifically, the role of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, one of the mouse IL-8 equivalents, for neutrophil-epithelial interactions. Following intravesical Escherichia coli infection, several C-X-C chemokines were secreted into the urine,

The Wilms tumor gene (WT1) encodes a zinc-finger containing transcription factor present in primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells. WT1 is also highly expressed in most cases of acute myeloid leukemia. Moreover, WT1 can interfere with induced differentiation of leukemic cell lines. These data suggest a function of WT1 in the maintenance of a primitive phenotype and a role in leukemogenesis by in

Popular Abstract in Swedish Ett väl fungerande immunförsvar har kapaciteten att särskilja och oskadliggöra en ofantlig mängd sjukdomsframkallande ämnen och organismer. Immunförsvarets förmåga att skilja strukturer på främmande ämnen från våra egna strukturer i kroppen är viktig, eftersom försvaret annars kan angripa kroppens egna vävnader. Det är denna del av immunförsvaret som inte fungerar då auThe intestinal mucosa, including the intestinal epithelium and underlying lamina propria (LP), contains a large number of effector/memory T cells that are thought to play a central role in the generation and maintenance of mucosal immune responses and in maintaining mucosal integrity. The work in this thesis investigates the mechanisms regulating effector T cell recruitment to the small intestinal

Water extracts of the bark of Uncaria tomentosa, a vine indigenous to South America, has been used for generations as an "immuno modulator". To understand the basis of this immuno modulatory effect we fed mice in their drinking water with C-Med 100, which is a commercially available water extract from Uncaria tomentosa. We found a dose-dependent increase in spleen cell numbers in the supplemented

This article attempts to show how the concept of the body - as it has been applied in feminist thought - can be utilised in trying to understand the changing and at times problematic working relations between doctors and nurses in Sweden. Three approaches are applied with respect to the body: (1) Doctors and nurses belong to two different collective bodies which embody historical constructions of

The topography of the antigen-binding site as well as the number and the positioning of the antigen contact residues are strongly correlated with the size of the antigen with which the antibody interacts. On the basis of these considerations, we have designed a focused scFv repertoire biased for haptens, designated the cavity library. The hapten-specific scFv, FITC8, was used as a scaffold for lib

BACKGROUND: The overall incidence of colorectal carcinoma is declining in Western populations; however, single country series demonstrate an increase in young-onset (<50 years) colorectal carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the pattern of increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal carcinoma is consistent across 3 Western populations. DESIGN: This is a popul

In this analytical chapter we focus on human factors to shed light on what a 21st-century project might look like from within. Adopting a non-essentialist perspective to project-making, we at the same time acknowledge that the notion of human nature is blurred, dynamic, changeable, heterogeneous, and internally riven. The human condition, hence, always dictates what ontological position a project

Changes in dilution of wastewater to a treatment plant due to infiltration or surface runoff can have a great impact on treatment process performance. This paper presents a model-based approach in which realistic influent scenarios are generated and used as inputs to a dynamic plant-wide process model of the wastewater treatment plant. The simulated operation is subsequently evaluated using life-c

Background: A common bearing combination in total hip arthroplasty today is a metal femoral head articulating with polyethylene in the cup. Ceramic heads are thought to be more resistant to third-body damage, and have better wettability and decreased surface roughness, which taken together have been suggested to result in less polyethylene wear. The purpose of this study is to compare the initial

We study how star formation is regulated in low-mass field dwarf galaxies (⁠105≤M⋆≤106M⊙⁠), using cosmological high-resolution (⁠3pc⁠) hydrodynamical simulations. Cosmic reionization quenches star formation in all our simulated dwarfs, but three galaxies with final dynamical masses of 3×109M⊙ are subsequently able to replenish their interstellar medium by slowly accreting gas. Two of these galaxie

The stellar-to-halo mass relation (SHMR) is not only one of the main sources of information we have on the connection between galaxies and their dark matter haloes, but also an important indicator of the performance of galaxy formation models. Here, we use one of the largest sample of galaxies with both high-quality rotation curves and near-infrared surface photometry, and perform a detailed compa

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, but the pathogenesis is not completely understood. The application of metabolomics could help in discovering new metabolic pathways involved in the development of the disease. Methods and Results We measured 112 baseline fasting metabolites of 3770 participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study; these participants were fre

Due to dramatic developments in international affairs and the starkly diverging foreign policy visions of the two candidates, Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan, foreign policy occupied a usually prominent role in the 1980 U.S. presidential election. A central component of the foreign policy debate was the appropriate role for human rights concerns in American foreign relations. Nevertheless, neither

Context: In older women, the magnitude of elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and its consequence is unclear.Objective: To describe normal PTH profiles over time and the association with mortality.Design and Participants: There were 1044 community-dwelling women in the Malmö Osteoporosis Prospective Risk Assessment cohort (OPRA) who attended baseline (age 75 years). Follow-ups were attended by 715

Chapter 7, written by Vera Sadovska, Oksana Mont and Yuliya Voytenko Palgan, explores the economic sustainability of food-sharing initiatives (FSIs). Bringing together insights from a systematic literature review and empirical research in Barcelona, the chapter examines the economic challenges FSIs face, such as managing operational costs, obtaining funding and dealing with regulatory complexities